Constitution of the Year III
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Constitution of the Year III | |
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Original title | Constitution de l'an III |
Presented | 22 August 1795 |
Date effective | 22 September 1795 |
Repealed | 1799 |
Location | Archives Nationales |
Full text | |
Constitution of the Year III at Wikisource | |
Constitution de l'an III at French Wikisource |
The Constitution of the Year III (French: Constitution de l’an III) was the constitution of the French First Republic that established the Executive Directory. Adopted by the convention on 5 Fructidor Year III (22 August 1795) and approved by plebiscite on 6 September. Its preamble is the Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Man and of the Citizen of 1795.
It remained in effect until the
Largely the work of political theorist
All taxpaying French males over 25 were eligible to vote in primary elections, subject to a one year residence provision; it is estimated these totalled around 5 million, more than the 4 million under the 1791 Constitution. They selected 30,000 electors, over the age of 30 and income equivalent to 150 days taxes, who in turn voted for the Council of 500.[1]
A five-man Directory, chosen by lot each year, constituted the executive branch. The central government retained great power, including emergency powers to curb freedom of the press and freedom of association. The Declaration of Rights and Duties of Mankind at the beginning of the constitution included an explicit ban on slavery. It was succeeded by the Constitution of the Year VIII, which established the Consulate.
Timeline of French constitutions
References
- ^ a b Lyons 1975, p. 15.
Sources
- Lyons, Martyn (1975). France under the Directory (2008 ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0521099509.
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