Convenience

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
For other uses, see Convenience Township, Pope County, Arkansas and Convenience (horse).
Japan Post Mailbox conveniently located inside a shopping mall
Home appliances such as this Follows & Bate Ltd 'Rapid Marmalade Cutter' increase the convenience of home food preparation

Convenient procedures, products and services are those intended to increase ease in

automobiles
were once considered a convenience, yet today are regarded as a normal part of life.

Because differences in

lifestyles around the world, the term is a relative term based upon the conveniences previously available to a person or group. For instance, an American definition of 'modern convenience' is likely different from that of an individual living in a developing country
. Most of the time, the term 'modern convenience' is used to express personal lifestyle and home life.

Examples

Service conveniences are those that save shoppers time or effort, and includes variables such as

credit availability and extended store hours.[1] Service convenience pertains to the facilitation of selling both goods and services, and combinations of the two.[1]

Convenience goods are widely distributed products that "require minimal time and physical and mental effort to purchase."[1]

flavour
.

Filling stations sell items that have nothing to do with refuelling a motor vehicle, (e.g. milk, newspapers, cigarettes) but purchasing at that location can save the consumer time compared to making a separate journey to a supermarket. Conveniences such as direct deposit can save companies and consumers money, though this may or may not be passed along to the consumer.[citation needed]

Some conveniences can become nuisances when they break down or don't function correctly. It costs time and money to fix items of convenience when they break down, and may cause much greater costs if something else that depends on them cannot take place.

History

Late 20th century

Household In 1911, architect and author Louis. H. Gibson defined modern conveniences as "those arrangements and appliances which make it possible for people to live comfort ably in a larger house, without seriously increasing the cares which they had in a smaller one". The supposition is that at that time if a family lived in a smaller home, they would have less furniture, appliances and other goods to take care of, and as a result the family's lifestyle and housekeeping would be relatively easy. If, on the other hand, a family moved into a larger home the increase area and furnishings would be much more difficult to manage without labor-saving devices.[2]: 21–23 

Examples of modern conveniences at that time included:[2]: 23–25 [3]

20th century

The homes of the 20th century are much bigger than the homes of our family members from the 19th century, both in terms of square footage and number of rooms. Homes built at the beginning of the 21st century have 2–3 times more rooms than homes at the turn of the 20th century. In terms of square footage, new homes built in 2000 are 50% larger than a home built in the 1960s.[4]

The 20th century also enjoyed a proliferation of

video cassette recorders also facilitated modern life.[5][6]

21st century

Comparison of modern conveniences in new housing construction

In his 2011 book America's Ticking Bankruptcy Bomb: How the Looming Debt Crisis Threatens the American Dream—and How We Can Turn the Tide Before It's Too Late, Peter Ferrara says that the residential access to modern convenience is markedly different in the 21st century compared to the beginning of the 20th century:[4]

Modern conveniences 1900 1950 2011
Electricity < 2% Not stated Not stated
Running water
Flush toilets
Vacuum cleaner
Gas or electric heat		 < 20% Unknown 80–100%
Dishwasher
Microwave oven
Air conditioner		 None < 20% 80–100%
Central air conditioning
Decks and Patios
Swimming pools
Ceiling fans		 Extremely rare Extremely rare Prevalent

Upcoming technological advancements

emerging technology.[7]

Religious groups

Religious groups that shun modern conveniences include Anabaptists (and their direct descendants, the Amish, Hutterites, and Mennonites) and Judaism.

Anabaptists

Key beliefs that determine an

Anabaptist community's position on use of modern conveniences are:[8][9]
: 35 

Religion General position Electricity Comments on modern conveniences
Amish Generally, the Amish avoid use of modern conveniences to limit their contact with the outside world.[10]: 54  In recent years, there has been greater openness to strategically select certain modern conveniences to support their businesses, while keeping the spirit of the separateness. Per Donald Kraybill and Steven Nolt: "If it enhances the welfare of the community, new technology is welcomed. Only when it peels away community cohesion does technology face the frown of the church."[10]: 67  Generally,
machinery and tools.[10]
: 54 		 In most cases the Amish do not have cars, telephone lines coming into their home, or farm equipment that they would ride, all of which increase contact with the outside world or be significant advantages from worldly capabilities. There are exceptions, such as use of
mobile phones for people who own businesses or are in a progressive order, with guidance provided by their church.[10]: 67 [11][12][13][10]
Mennonite There is wide disparity among the
Mennonite, from those most Progressive to the strictest Old Order about the use of modern conveniences. For instance, some Progressive Mennonites live in cities and enjoy many of the modern conveniences of their non-Mennonite neighbors. Each Mennonite community determines its right path, but always with the ideal of living "simply and humbly".[9]
: 13, 35 		 See general comment and Old Order information. See general comment and Old Order information.
Old order Anabaptists:
Mennonites, Amish and Brethren
 Although there are some modern conveniences that Old Order members enjoy, they are the most reluctant of the
Anabaptists to accept the use of technology, especially direct use. For many of them it is a slippery slope that leads to eternal damnation.[14]
: 1, 259 		 Use of telephone service and electricity lines brought into the home are generally discouraged, decisions are made by the individual religious communities. Like the Amish, they explore creative use of energy, like batteries, generators, etc.[14]: 97, 248, 252–255  It is difficult to provide one conclusion for four Old Order religions: Each religious community determines the use of modern conveniences based upon their specific circumstances.[14]: 236, 252, 259 

Orthodox and Conservative Judaism

For

week and is a day of rest in Judaism. Shabbat is observed from a few minutes before sunset on Friday evening until a few minutes after the appearance of three stars in the sky on Saturday night.[15] On Shabbat, Jews recall the Genesis creation narrative describing God creating the Heavens and the Earth in six days and resting on the seventh. It also recalls the giving of the Torah at Mount Sinai
, when God commanded the Israelite nation to observe the seventh day and keep it holy. Shabbat is considered a festive day, when a Jew is freed from the regular labors of everyday life, can contemplate the spiritual aspects of life, and can spend time with family.

Orthodox and some Conservative authorities rule that there are 39

prohibited activities of work (referred to as "melakhot"), such as turning electric devices on or off, driving cars, and more, during the Shabbat, as listed in Mishnah Tractate Shabbat.[16][17][18]

Consequences

There are many ramifications of the development of modern conveniences for individuals and their families over the past 150 or more years. The many labor-saving devices have kept pace with growing houses and furnishings and allow for greater

chemical technology
in the food that we eat or products that we use. In these cases there are also conflicting opinions about the extent to which some of the products are harmful. Here are a few examples of positive and negative effects of modern conveniences.

Positive effects

Health care

Some of the major improvements over the past century has been in improved

infectious diseases in part due to improved water and sewage treatment. This is obvious in the marked rises in life expectancy.[19]

Technological advancement in underdeveloped countries

Some of the most dramatic technological benefits are seen in underdeveloped countries. For instance, cabling for

microbusinesses. It is estimated that 80% of the world's population is now located within range of cellular towers, 1.5 billion cellular phones are in use in developing countries and, in India alone, five million customers sign up for cellular service each week. The Four Asian Tigers—i.e., Hong Kong, Singapore, Taiwan, and South Korea—are a few of the countries that have leveraged technology to become a presence in the global community.[7]

Another example, led by
MIT's Media Lab in rural Asia, Latin America and Africa, provides $100 laptop computers to underdeveloped countries.[7]

Negative effects

In 1905, the

Journal of the American Medical Association published an article titled "Nervous Strain" about how "modern conveniences" make our lives busier and with less direct contact than the preceding generations. As an example, the author compared having a calming cup of tea with a person to the more distant practice of placing a telephone call. Labor-saving devices meant that people now spent more time sitting, breathed machine-generated smoke, and ate food, especially meat, fat and sugars, in greater abundance, changing peoples' diets. These activities were speculated to result in high blood pressure, obesity, and "nervous strain".[20]

Meat consumption

See also:
Meat consumption, Beef hormone controversy, and Pink slime

Because of the enormous productivity growth in

antibiotics treatment of cattle and poultry has raised serious concerns about the adverse effects of those substances in industrially produced meat.[21]

Processed food and food preparation

heart disease.[medical citation needed
]

Other

Styrofoam cups release styrene as the food or drink is consumed. Leaded fuel is another hazardous chemical. Although it has been outlawed in the United States, its use in developing countries impacts the health of local people and the global environment.[19]

See also

References

  1. ^
    S2CID 167639305
    .
  2. ^ a b Gibson, Louis H. (1889). Convenient Houses, with Fifty Plans for the Housekeeper. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell
  3. ^ Illinois Farmers' Institute (1897). Annual report, Volume 2. Springfield, IL: Phillips Brothers State Printers. 68–73
  4. ^
    ISBN 978-0-06-202577-7
  5. U.S. Department of Agriculture Office of the Secretary's Information Office, "Reports: Needs of Farm Women"
    , Issues 103–106 (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1915), p. 23.
  6. ISBN 0-9725290-4-7
    . p.10.
  7. ^
    CNNMoney
    , December 22, 2006.
  8. ISBN 0-8191-9349-6
    . 6:268–270.
  9. ^
    ISBN 0-395-67344-5
  10. ^
    ISBN 0-8018-7805-5
  11. ^
    ISBN 0-8018-6772-X
    , 9780801867729. pp. 114–115, 136, 313.
  12. ^ See, for example, [Dan Morse "Still Called by Faith to the Booth: As Pay Phones Vanish, Amish and Mennonites Build Their Own"], The Washington Post, September 3, 2006, p. C1
  13. ^ Diane Zimmerman Umble's work Archived 2010-08-11 at the Wayback Machine on the subject of the Amish and telephones
  14. ^
    ISBN 0-8018-6565-4
  15. ^ Shulchan Aruch, Orach Chayim 293:2
  16. ^ Neulander, Arthur. (1950). The Use of Electricity on the Sabbath. Proceedings of the Rabbinical Assembly 14:165-171.
  17. ^ Adler, Morris; Agus, Jacob; Friedman, Theodore. (1950). Responsum on the Sabbath. Proceedings of the Rabbinical Assembly 14:112–137
  18. ISBN 0-87334-004-3
    . pp. 54–55, 57–58, 77. Further reading / detail pp. 78–93.
  19. ^ a b PureHealthMD editors. (2011) 15 Modern Conveniences That Are Bad for Your Health. Discovery Communications, LLC. Fit and Health. Retrieved 9-18-2011.
  20. ^ George H. Simmons (ed.) (1905). Journal of the American Medical Association, Volume 45, Part 1. Chicago: American Medial Association Press., p. 404
  21. ^ "10 Reasons To Stop Eating Red Meat". 30 January 2014.

Further reading

External links

Look up convenience in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
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