List of ancient tribes in Illyria
It has been suggested that List of Illyrian peoples and tribes be merged into this article. (Discuss) Proposed since March 2024. |
This is a list of ancient tribes in the ancient territory of
After the
Illyrian
Albani
The Albani (Latinized form of
Amantes
The Amantes lived in present-day southwestern Albania.[9] The site of Amantia has been identified with the location of their territory.[10] The toponym has a connection with the modern Albanian term amë/ãmë ("river-bed, fountain, spring")[11]
Ardiaei
The Ardiaei or Ouardaioi (Ancient Greek: Ἀρδιαῖοι, Οὐαρδαῖοι; Latin: Vardiaei, Vardaei)
Autariatae
The Autariatae or Autariates (
Balaites
The Balaites were an Illyrian tribe known from epigraphical findings only who were organizing themselves in a koinon, and it is likely that they lived in the vicinity of Apollonia.[14][15]
Bathiatae
The
Bylliones
The Bylliones (Βυλλίονες) were an Illyrian tribe.
Cavii
The
Daorsi
The Daorsi or Duersi or Daorsii or Daorsei (Ancient Greek: Δαόριζοι, Δαούρσιοι) were an Illyrian tribe.
Dardani
The Dardani or Dardanians were a central Balkan people, among the oldest in the region. They were the most stable and conservative ethnic element among the peoples of the central Balkans, retaining an enduring presence in the region for several centuries. Ancient tradition considered the Dardani as an
Dassaretii
The Dassaretii (Ancient Greek: Δασσαρῆται, Δασσαρήτιοι) were an
Deretini
The Deretini or Derriopes (Ancient Greek: Δερρίοπες) were an Illyrian tribe[27] in Narona conventus with 14 decuriae.
Deuri
The Deuri or Derbanoi (Ancient Greek: Δερβανοί)[28] were an Illyrian tribe.[29] Other possible names are Derrioi.[30] In a conventus held in Salona after the Roman conquest the Deuri had 25 decuriae.[31]
Dyestes
The Dyestes or Dyestae (Ancient Greek: Δυέσται)[32] were an Illyrian tribe[33] located around the silver mines of Damastion. Only Strabo passingly mentions this tribe.
Enchelei
The Enchelei or Sesarethii
Kinambroi
The Kinambroi (Ancient Greek: Κίναμβροι) were an Illyrian tribe. They surrendered to
Labeatae
The Labeates or Labeatae (Ancient Greek: Λαβεᾶται) were an
Mazaei
The Mazaei or Maezaei (Ancient Greek: Μαζαῖοι, Μαιζαῖοι) were a tribal group, including 269 decuriae.[40][41]
Melcumani
The Melcumani or Merromenoi or Melkomenioi (Ancient Greek: Μελκομένιοι) were an Illyrian tribe.[42] The Melcumani had 24 decuriae.
Narensi
Narensi or Narensii or Narensioi (Ancient Greek: Ναρήνσιοι)
Parthini
Penestae
Penestae (Ancient Greek: Πενέσται) was the name of an Illyrian tribe.[46] Their chief town was Uscana.
Selepitani
The Selepitani (Latin: Selepitani) were an Illyrian tribe located below the
Siculotae
The Siculotae or Sikoulotai were an Illyrian tribe.[47] The Siculotae were part of the Pirustae.[44] The Siculotae had 24 decuriae.
Dalmatae
The Dalmatae were an ancient Illyrian tribe. It is considered to be connected to the
The Delmatae had 342 decuriae.Iapydes
The
Baridustae
The Baridustae were an Illyrian tribe that was later settled in Dacia[50] along with Pirustae and Sardeates. The Baridustae were a Dalmatian tribe.[51]
Tariotes
The Tariotes were a subtribe of the Dalmatae that lived on the eastern Adriatic coast.[52]
Sardiatae
The Sardeates or Sardiotai were an Illyrian tribe close to Jajce.[29] Sardeates were later settled in Dacia.[50] The Sardeates had 52 decuriae.
Docleatae
The Docleatae (Ancient Greek: Δοκλεᾶται, romanized: Dokleatai) were an Illyrian tribe that lived in what is now
Pleraei
Pleraei, Plarioi, Pyraei, Pleraioi, Plaraioi or Palarioi (Ancient Greek: Παλάριοι) was the name of an Illyrian tribe.[55]
Endirudini
Endirudini or Interphrourinoi (Ancient Greek: Ἰντερφρουρῖνοι)[56] was the name of an Illyrian tribe that became part of the Docleatae.[30]
Sasaei
Sasaei was the name of an Illyrian tribe that became part of the Docleatae.[30]
Grabaei
The Grabaei or Kambaioi (Ancient Greek: Καμβαῖοι)
Deraemestae
Deraemestae or Deraemistae was the name of an Illyrian tribe.
Oxyaei
Ozuaei or Ozuaioi or Oxuaioi (Ancient Greek: Ὀξυαῖοι)[56] was the name of one of the tribes comprising the Deramestae.[59]
Hemasini
Hemasini or Hippasinoi (Ancient Greek: Ἱππασῖνοι)[60] was the name of one of the tribes comprising the Deramestae.[59]
Arthitae
Arthitae was the name of one of the tribes comprising the Deramestae.[59]
Armistae
Armistae was the name of one of the tribes comprising the Deramestae.[59]
Taulantii
Taulantii (Ancient Greek: Ταυλάντιοι) was the name of a cluster
Chelidonioi
Abroi
Pannonian tribes
The name Pannonians (Ancient Greek: Παννόνιοι, romanized: Pannonii) refers to
The Pannonian tribes inhabited the area between the river Drava and the Dalmatian coast. Early archaeology and onomastics show that they were culturally different from southern Illyrians,
The Pannonians were not definitely subdued within the province of
Amantini
Amantini (Ancient Greek: Ἄμαντες) was the name of a
Breuci
The Breuci (Ancient Greek: Βρεῦκοι, romanized: Breukoi) were a Pannonian Illyrian tribe.
Colapiani
Colapiani was the name of an Illyrian tribe.
Daesitiates
The Daesitiates were an Illyrian tribe that lived in what is today central Bosnia and Herzegovina[82] during the time of the Roman Republic. Along with the Maezaei, the Daesitiates were part of the western group of Pannonians in Roman Dalmatia.[83] They were prominent from the end of the 4th century BC up until the beginning of the 3rd century AD. Evidence of their daily activities can be found in literary sources, as well as in the rich material finds that belong to the Central Bosnian cultural group. After nearly three centuries of political independence, the Daesitiates (and their polity) were conquered by Roman Emperor Augustus. Afterwards, the Daesitiates were incorporated into the province of Illyricum with a low total of 103 decuriae.[84]
Pirustae
The Pirustae or Pyrissaei
Scirtari
The Scirtari or Scirtones were an Illyrian tribe.[47] The Scirtari were part of the Pirustae.[44] The Scirtari had 72 decuriae.
Glintidiones
The Glintidiones (Ancient Greek: Γλιντιδίωνες) were an Illyrian[90] tribe. The Glintidiones may have been part of the Pirustae.[44] The Glintidiones had 44 decuriae.
Ceraunii
Ceraunii (Ancient Greek: Κεραύνιοι, romanized: Keraunioi) was the name of an Illyrian tribe that lived close to the Pirustae[91] in modern Montenegro. The Ceraunii were part of the Pirustae.[44] They had 24 decuriae.[92] Their name seems to derive from the Greek word for 'thunderbolt'.[93]
Segestani
The Segestani (Ancient Greek: Σεγεστανοί, romanized: Segestanoi) were a Pannonian Illyrian tribe who inhabited the area around
In the 2nd century BC, the Segestani were attacked without lasting success by
In 35 BC, the Segestani were attacked by Augustus, who conquered and occupied Siscia.
Maezaei
Maezaei or Maizaioi or Mazaioi (Ancient Greek: Μαζαῖοι) were a Pannonian Illyrian tribe.
Andizetes
The Andizetes, also referred to as Andisetes (Ancient Greek: Ἀνδιζήτιοι), were a small Pannonian
Azali
The Azali (Ancient Greek: Ἄζαλοι) were a tribe that inhabited Brigetio (now Szőny) in Noricum, transported there during the Roman conquest from southern Pannonia.[99] They had been deported after the 6–9 AD rebellion.[100] They, along with the Eravisci, inhabited the Fejér County during the Marcomannic Wars (166–180).[101] The civitas azaliorum included the Brigetio legionary fortress and surrounding settlements.[102]
Ditiones
The Ditiones (Ancient Greek: Διτίωνες) were a Pannonian Illyrian tribe.[69] The Ditiones had 239 decuriae.
Jasi
Jasi was the name of a Pannonian Illyrian tribe.[71][103]
Osseriates
The Osseriates
Illyrii proprie dicti
Illyrii proprie dicti
Atintani
Atintani were a tribe in Illyria, north of
Greek
- See Greek colonies in Illyria
Liburnians
In the early historical sources from the 8th century BC, the Liburnians were recorded by name or as separate ethnic groups; and as early as the 6th century BC, Hecateus noted that the Liburnians were also composed of Caulici, Mentores, Syopii and Hythmitae, probably narrow tribal communities. Later, in the 3rd century BC, Callimachus mentioned Mentores, Hymanes, Enchealae and Peucetias as those who once had been a part of them, Ismeni were also recorded as one of their communities.[110]
Iapygians/Messapians
Iapygians and Messapians did not dwell in Illyria, but in the heel of southern Italy. They could have had Illyrian origins[112] or some sort of link with Illyria.
- Messapii
- Dauni
- Peucetiilinked to the Liburnian Peucetias
- Iapygeslinked to the Iapodes, who were sometimes also called Iapyges
Adriatic Veneti
See also
- Illyrian Tribes
- List of ancient Cities in Illyria
- List of ancient Cities in Thrace
- List of ancient tribes in Thrace
- List of rulers of Illyria
- List of rulers of Thrace
- List of Celtic tribes
References
- ^ Wilkes 1992, p. 92
- ^ Wilkes 1992, p. 217
- ISBN 0-521-26430-8, 1996, p. 579.
- ^ 'Decuriae' was a Roman term used by Pliny the Elder in his Natural History completed in 70 AD based on official registers. Each civitas had a number of decuriae assigned to it as an indication of its size. A Roman division of native peoples. Wilkes 1992, p. 215)
- ^ William Smith, LLD, Ed., Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, 1854
- ISBN 978-0-299-80926-3(page 613)
- ISBN 978-0-521-27458-6(page 25)
- ISBN 0-415-06449-X, 9780415064491 (page 481)
- ISBN 1789201713.
- ISBN 0-19-814099-1.
- ^ Çabej, Eqrem (1996). Studime etimologjike në fushë të shqipes (in Albanian). Akademia e Shkencave e RPS të Shqipërisë, Instituti i Gjuhësisë dhe i Letërsisë.
- ^ Wilkes 1992, p. 216: "The Ardiaei, or Vardaei as they were known to the Romans, 'once the ravagers of Italy' and now reduced to a mere"
- ^ Appian and Illyricum by Marjeta Šašel Kos, " The Ardiaei were certainly also settled in the hinterland, along the Naro River at least as far as the Konjic region ..."
- ^ Pierre Cabanes: Les illyriens de Bardulis à Genthios (IVe–IIe siècles avant J.-C.). Paris: SEDES. 1988. p. 301.
- ^ Neritan Ceka: The Illyrians to the Albanians. Tirana: Migjeni. 2013. pp. 229, 422.
- ^ Appian: Roman History, Vol. IV, The Civil Wars, Books 3.27-5 (Loeb Classical Library No. 5) by Appian and Horace White, 1979, Index: 69, 71; IL 4, 22. Bastitani, Spanish tribe, Sp. Mi. Bathiatae, Illyrian tribe
- ^ Wilkes 1992, p. 97: "Beginning in the south the first Illyrians near the coast were the Bylliones beyond the river Aous in the hinterland of Apollonia. Their hill-settlement developed later into the town of Byllis ..."
- ^ Elsie, Robert. "Early History of Albania" (PDF). www.albanianhistory.net. Robert Elsie.
- ISBN 0-521-23348-8, 1994, page 423, "Through contact with their Greek neighbors some Illyrian tribe became bilingual (Strabo Vii.7.8.Diglottoi) in particular the Bylliones and the Taulantian tribes close to Epidamnus ..."
- ISBN 90-256-0793-4, page 247, "... which appears in the name of the Illyrian tribe of the Cavii ..."
- ^ The classical gazetteer: a dictionary of ancient geography, sacred and profane by William Hazlitt, 1851, "Epicaria a town of the Cavii in Illyria ..."
- ISBN 0-14-044318-5, 1976, page 580
- ^ Wilkes 1992 From back matter: "Surveys of ships on coins of the Daors tribe ..."
- ^ Wilkes 1992, p. 216: "... to the Romans, 'once the ravagers of Italy' and now reduced to a mere 20 decuriae, and the Daorsi or Daversi ..."
- ^ I greci in Adriatico, Volume 2 by Lorenzo Braccesi, Mario Luni, page 152, "The Daorsi suffered directly from the attacks of the Delmatae and were understandably one of the first peoples to have left Gentius' half brother Caravantius and sought protection from the Roman state, placing their armed forces at the disposal of the Romans. After the war, they were rewarded by having been given immunity ..."
- ^ The magistrates of the Roman Republic. Thomas Robert Shannon Broughton, 1960:446, "Head of a commission sent, after the receipt of complaints from Issa and the Daorsi, to observe conditions in Illyria and Dalmatia ..."
- ^ J. J. Wilkes, Dalmatia, Tome 2 of History of the Provinces of the Roman Empire, 1969, page 157
- ^ Appianus, Illyrica, "... και Δερβανοί προσιόντα τον Καίσαρα συγγνώμην ..."
- ^ a b Wilkes 1992, p. 216: "... of southwest Bosnia, the Maezaei (269) of the Sana and Vrbas valleys, and the Sardeates (52) around Jajce and the Deuri (25) around Bugojno, both in the Vrbas valley."
- ^ a b c d e The Cambridge Ancient History, Vol. 10: The Augustan Empire, 43 BC-AD 69 (Volume 10) by Alan Bowman, Edward Champlin, and Andrew Lintott, 1996, page 577
- ^ Neritan Ceka: The Illyrians to the Albanians. Tirana: Migjeni. 2005. p. 148: "Salona was the center of a conventus made up of the Dalmatians, with 342 decuriae; the Deuri, with 25; the Ditiones, with 239; the Mezei, with 60; and the Sardeates with 53."
- ^ VII.7.5, "... περί α Δυέσται συνεστήσαντο την δυναστείαν και Εγχέλειοι ους και Σεσαρέθιους καλούσι ..."
- ^ Macedonia, Thrace and Illyria: their relations to Greece from the earliest... by Stanley Casson, page 321
- ^ Strabo, Geography (ed. H.C. Hamilton, Esq., W. Falconer, M.A.), book 7, chapter 7: "... had established their sway, and Enchelii, who are also called Sesarethii. Then come the Lyncestæ, the territory Deuriopus, Pelagonia-Tripolitis ..."
- ^ Strabo Geography, Book 7.7
- ISBN 0-631-19807-5, p. 96: "The Enchelei are an Illyrian people, who inhabit the land after Rhizon. From Bouthoe to Epidamnus, a Greek city ...".
- ^ Cadmus: "After having many children, Cadmus and Harmonia left Thebes in order to defend the Encheleans, a people living in southern Illyria, which is the region north of Epirus, and there defeated the Illyrian intruders ..."
- ISBN 0-631-19807-5, p. 98.
- ISBN 0-631-19807-5, p. 99.
- ^ Benac A., Ed. (1986): Bosna i Herzegovina / Bosnia and Herzegovia / Bosnien und Herzegowina. Svjetlost, Sarajevo.
- ^ Šentija J., Ed. (1977): Opća enciklopedija Jugoslavenskog leksikografskog zavoda, 3: Foc-Iw. Jugoslavenski leksikografski zavod, Zagreb.
- ISBN 0-521-26430-8, 1923, page 578, "Since they are listed among those peoples who submitted in 33 B.C. the Melcumani (24) are not likely to have lived any great distance from the coast. It has been suggested that they may ..."
- ^ Gaius Plinius Secundus' Historiae naturalis, Liber 3
- ^ a b c d e The Cambridge Ancient History, Vol. 10: The Augustan Empire, 43 BC-AD 69 (Volume 10) by Alan Bowman, Edward Champlin, and Andrew Lintott, 1996, page 578
- ^ Wilkes 1992, p. 216: "... destination of one of the military roads constructed from Salona after the end of the war in AD 9. The Narensi (102) of the same conventus are likely to be named from the river Naron/Narenta ..."
- ^ Wilkes 1992, p. 172
- ^ a b Wilkes 1992, p. 217: "... whose name deriving from the Greek for 'thunderbolt' links them with high mountains, Siculotae (24), Glintidiones (44) and Scirtari, who dwelt along the border with Macedonia. In northeast Bosnia the Dindari are located by the record of one of ..."
- ^ The Oxford Classical Dictionary by Simon Hornblower and Antony Spawforth, 2003, page 426
- ISBN 0-19-510233-9, 1995, page 202, "... contact with the peoples of the Illyrian kingdom and at the Celticized tribes of the Delmatae ..."
- ^ a b c ALBURNUS MAIOR (Roşia Montană) Alba, Romania., "An important settlement, center of gold mining in Roman Dacia Superior, in the Apuseni mountains. In the hills of Cetatea Mare and Cetatea Mică, traces are preserved of ancient Roman mines. Under Trajan, Dalinatian colonists (Pirustae, Baridustae, Sardeates) settled here, each tribe dwelling in a separate village or quarter."
- ^ Roman Dacia: the making of a provincial society by W. S. Hanson, Ian Haynes, 2004, page 22, "Outside the main urban centres, the best attested group of civilian immigrants is members of the Dalmatian tribes such as the Baridustae ..."
- ^ A. Mayer, Die Sprache der alten Illyrier I (Schriften der Balkankommission, Linguistiche Abteilung XV), VÖAW, 1957, p. 329.
- ^ DOCLEA (Duklja) Crna Gora, Yugoslavia.
- ISBN 86-7706-167-3
- ^ Dalmatia, Tome 2 of History of the provinces of the Roman Empire by J. J. Wilkes, 1969, page 32
- ^ a b c d Appianus, Illyrica, "Οξυαίους μεν δη και Περθεηνάτας, και Βαθιάτας και Ταυλαντίους, και Καμβαίους, και Κινάμβρους, και Μερρομένους, και Πυρισσαίους, είλε δι' όλης πείρας, έργω δε μείζονι ελήφθησαν, και φόρους όσους εξέλιπον ηναγκάσθησαν αποδουναι, Δοκλεᾶται τε και Κάρνοι και Ιντερεφρουρίνοι και Ναρήσιοι και Γλιντιδίωνες και Ταυρίσκοι."
- ^ Wilkes 1992, p. 121.
- ^ Wilkes 1992, p. 257: "In Popovopolje the Deraemestae may have been incorporated within the new municipium at Diluntum (Ljubinje). Several cities were created in the more remote regions"
- ^ a b c d e Alan Bowman, Edward Champlin, and Andrew Lintott, The Cambridge Ancient History, Vol. 10: The Augustan Empire, 43 BC – AD 69, 1996, p. 577: "... figure in the warfare of the second century B.C. The Deraemestae (30) were a new formation from several smaller peoples in the hinterland of Epidaurum including the Ozuaei, Partheni, Hemasini, Arthitae and Armistae."
- ^ J. J. Wilkes, Dalmatia, Tome 2 of History of the Provinces of the Roman Empire, 1969, p. 482.
- ^ The Cambridge ancient history, Tome 6
by John Boardman, ISBN 0-521-85073-8, 1994, page 423
- ^ Appian, The Foreign Wars, III, 1.2
- ISBN 0-313-33003-4, 2005, page 91, "Aristotle described the process of making it by the Taulantii of Illyria, and Pliny commented on hydromeli made in Phrygia."
- ISBN 0-7618-4465-1, 2009, p. 51: "In a short time the Dacians imposed their conditions on the Anerati, Boii, Eravisci, Pannoni, Scordisci ..."
- ^ Simon Hornblower and Antony Spawforth, The Oxford Classical Dictionary, 2003, p. 1106.
- ^ A. Mocsy, S. Frere, "Pannonia and Upper Moesia", A History of the Middle Danube Provinces of the Roman Empire, p. 152: "As already seen on Chapter 3 the Celtic and Celticized natives of Pannonia."
- ^ [1]J. Pokorny, Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, No. 1481 Archived 2011-06-12 at the Wayback Machine
- ISBN 1-85109-440-7.
- ^ a b c Wilkes 1992, p. 203: "Papirius Carbo. Strabo (7.5, 3) identifies the Pannonian peoples as Breuci, Andizetes, Ditiones, Pirustae, Maezaei and Daesitiates."
- ^ J. J. Wilkes, Dalmatia, Tome 2 of History of the Provinces of the Roman Empire, 1969, page 534
- ^ a b Wilkes 1992, p. 218: "Except for the Latobici and Varciani, whose names are Celtic, the civitates of Colapiani, Jasi, Breuci, Amantini and Scordisci were Illyrian."
- ^ a b Wilkes 1992, p. 207: "The war was a savage affair and the main resistance to the Romans came from the Breuci and Amantini in the Sava valley. The young males were rounded up and sold as slaves in Italy, a quite exceptional action"
- ^ Wilkes 1992, p. 81: "the Breuci with Scilus Bato, Blaedarus, Dasmenus, Dasius, Surco, Sassaius, Liccaius and Lensus, and the Amantini and Scordisci around Sirmium with Terco and Precio, Dases and Dasmenus"
- ^ a b Wilkes 1992, p. 256: "... reign of Trajan (AD 98-117), does the Roman citizenship begin to appear among the Illyrian communities of southeast Pannonia, the Andizetes, Scordisci and Breuci."
- ISBN 0-7618-4465-1, 2009, page 51, "Many Scordisci and Breuci settled in Dacia nevertheless and were eventually absorbed into the local population."
- ^ The Cambridge Ancient History, Vol. 10: The Augustan Empire, 43 BC-AD 69 (Volume 10) by Alan Bowman, Edward Champlin, and Andrew Lintott, 1996, page 176, "Daesitiates was soon matched by rebellion of the Breuci in Pannonia, headed by Pinnes and another Bato."
- ^ Wilkes 1992, p. 81: "In Roman Pannonia the Latobici and Varciani who dwelt east of the Venetic Catari in the upper Sava valley were Celtic but the Colapiani of the Colapis (Kulpa) valley were Illyrians ..."
- ISBN 0-521-26430-8, 1996, page 579
- ISBN 978-3-631-57011-1.
- ^ "Ljudje ob Krki in Kolpi v latenski dobi" [People Along Krka and Kolpa in the La Tène Period]. Arheološki vestnik (in Slovenian, German, and English). 52. Institute of Archaeology, Slovenian Academy of Arts and Sciences: 181–198. 2001.
- ^ Weiss, Janez (2007). "Sprehod po zgodovini Črnomlja od konca bronaste dobe do novega veka" [The Walk Through the History of Črnomelj from the End of the Bronze Age to the Modern Era]. Črnomelj.si (in Slovenian). Municipality of Črnomelj. Archived from the original on 31 May 2013.
- ^ Wilkes 1992, p. 207.
- ^ Wilkes 1992, p. 80.
- ^ Wilkes 1992, p. 216.
- ^ J. J. Wilkes, Dalmatia, Tome 2 of History of the Provinces of the Roman Empire, 1969, page 155
- ^ Strabo's Geography 4.3
- ^ Wilkes 1992, p. 207: "... the imperial triumphs over individual peoples. Among the several Illyrian groups singled out were Japodes, Dardanians, Pannonian Andizetes and Pirustae."
- ISBN 86-7706-167-3
- ISBN 0-521-22496-9
- ^ Wilkes 1992, p. 217: "... with high mountains, Siculotae (24), Glintidiones (44) and Scirtari, who dwelt along the border with Macedonia. In northeast Bosnia the Dindari are located by the record of one of their chiefs (principes) in the Drina valley ..."
- ^ Wilkes 1992, p. 217: "Pirustae, who inhabited the high valleys of southeast Bosnia and northern Montenegro, seem to have been divided between the Ceraunii (24 decuriae) ..."
- ^ J. J. Wilkes, Dalmatia, Tome 2 of History of the Provinces of the Roman Empire, 1969, page 485
- ^ Wilkes 1992, p. 217: "Pirustae, who inhabited the high valleys of southeast Bosnia and northern Montenegro, seem to have been divided between the Ceraunii (24 decuriae), whose name deriving from the Greek for 'thunderbolt' ..."
- ISBN 0-8018-7306-1, 2003, page 200, "... Appian's account depicts a situation in which the inhabitants of Siscia (Σεγεστική, Segestike, therefore 'the Segestani') appealed in vain for aid from fellow Pannonians in their vicinity, but these people were reluctant to get involved, preferring ..."
- ^ Wilkes 1992, p. 80: "Among the Pannonians within Roman Dalmatia the western groups, including the Maezaei and Daesitiates, exhibit few outside connections, and those are with Delmatae immediately to the south, though in Alföldy's view the two groups ..."
- ^ Wilkes 1992, p. 207
- ^ Wilkes 1992, p. 203: "... Papirius Carbo. Strabo (7.5, 3) identifies the Pannonian peoples as Breuci, Andizetes, Ditiones, Pirustae, Maezaei and Daesitiates"
- ^ Wilkes 1992
- ^ Wilkes 1992, p. 81.
- ^ Wilkes 1992, p. 217.
- ^ András Mócsy (1959). Die Bevölkerung von Pannonien: bis zu den Markomannenkriegen. Verlag der Ungarischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. pp. 54–.
- ISBN 978-87-635-4258-6.
- ^ Wilkes 1992, p. 257: "Pannonian Illyrians include that of the Jasi ..."
- ^ The Cambridge Ancient History, Vol. 10: The Augustan Empire, 43 BC-AD 69 (Volume 10) by Alan Bowman, Edward Champlin, and Andrew Lintott, 1996, page 579,
- ^ Wilkes 1992, p. 216
- ^ Wilkes 1992, p. 92
- ^ Appian, Illyrian Wars, App. Ill. 2.
- ISBN 0-521-22804-2, page 496, "The issuing authorities were tribes as far afield as the 'Tynteni' (later Atintani) ..."
- ^ A History of Macedonia: 550-336 B.C
- ISBN 953-6419-50-5, pages 64-66
- ISBN 0-521-26430-8, page 575
- ISBN 0-19-860641-9, 2003, page 431
- ^ Wilkes 1992, p. 183: "We may begin with the Venetic peoples, Veneti, Carni, Histri and Liburni, whose language set them apart from the rest of the Illyrians ..."
- ^ Wilkes 1992, p. 81: "In Roman Pannonia the Latobici and Varciani who dwelt east of the Venetic Catari in the upper Sava valley were Celtic but the Colapiani of the Colapis (Kulpa) valley were Illyrians ..."
- ^ The classical gazetteer: a dictionary of ancient geography, sacred and profane by William Hazlitt, 1851, page 311, "SECUSSES, a people of Histria"
Sources
- Wilkes, John J. (1992). The Illyrians. Wiley.
- This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Smith, William, ed. (1854–1857). "ILLY´RICUM". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. London: John Murray.
Further reading
- Falileyev, Alexander and Radman-Livaja, Ivan. "More Celtic names from Roman Pannonia". In: Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie 63, no. 1 (2016): 49–68. https://doi.org/10.1515/zcph-2016-0004