Correlates of immunity

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Correlates of immunity or correlates of protection to a

immune, in the sense of being protected against becoming infected and/or developing disease
.

For many viruses,

congenital abnormalities in their children. In contrast, for HIV
, the simple presence of antibodies is not a correlate of immunity/protection since infected individuals develop antibodies without protection against the disease.

The fact that the correlates of immunity/protection remain unclear is a significant barrier to HIV vaccine research. There is evidence that some highly exposed individuals can develop resistance to HIV infection,[1] suggesting that immunity and therefore a vaccine is possible. However, without knowing the correlates of immunity, scientists cannot know exactly what sort of immune response a vaccine would need to stimulate, and the only method of assessing vaccine effectiveness will be through large phase III trials with clinical outcomes (i.e. infection and/or disease, not just laboratory markers).[citation needed]

Multiple studies used predictive markers to validate higher levels of neutralizing antibodies corresponding with lower likelihood of breakthrough infection after vaccination in COVID-19.[2][3][4]

See also

References

  1. S2CID 21584303
    .
  2. PMID 34320281
    .
  3. S2CID 236516861
    .
  4. PMID 36243868
    .

Further reading
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