Corsica

Collectivity of Corsica Collectivité de Corse (French) Cullettività di Corsica (Corsican)
Region and single territorial collectivity
Coat of arms
Anthem: Dio vi salvi Regina (unofficial)
Location of Corsica within France Location of Corsica in Europe (green and dark grey) and Italy (green) Satellite image of the island of Corsica
Country	France
Prefecture	Ajaccio
Departments	2 Corse-du-Sud (2A) Haute-Corse (2B)
Government
• President of Executive Council	UTC+2 (CEST)
ISO 3166 code	FR-20R
Website	www.isula.corsica

Corsica (

The island is a territorial collectivity of France, and is expected to achieve "a form of autonomy" in the near future.^[3] The regional capital is Ajaccio. Although the region is divided into two administrative departments, Haute-Corse and Corse-du-Sud, their respective regional and departmental territorial collectivities were merged on 1 January 2018 to form the single territorial collectivity of Corsica. Corsican autonomy is more extensive than in other regional collectivities of France and the Corsican Assembly is permitted to exercise limited executive powers. Corsica's second-largest town is Bastia, located in the prefecture of Haute-Corse.

Corsica was ruled by the

Corsica has been occupied since the Mesolithic era, otherwise known as the Middle Stone Age. The permanent human presence in Corsica is documented in the Neolithic period from the 6th millennium BC.^[4]

After a brief occupation by the

Corsica was integrated into Roman Italy by Emperor Diocletian (r. 284–305). Administratively, the island was divided into pagi, which in the Middle Ages became the pievi, the basic administrative units of the island until 1768.^[5]

In the fifth century, the western half of the Roman Empire collapsed, and the island was invaded by the Vandals and the Ostrogoths.^[5] Briefly recovered by the Byzantine Empire, it soon became part of the Kingdom of the Lombards. This made it a dependency of the March of Tuscany, which used it as an outpost against the Saracens.^[7] Pepin the Short, king of the Franks and Charlemagne's father, expelled the Lombards and nominally granted Corsica to Pope Stephen II.^[7] In the first quarter of the 11th century, Pisa and Genoa together freed the island from the threat of Arab invasion.^[7] After that, the island came under the influence of the Republic of Pisa.^[7] Many polychrome churches which adorn the island date from this period. Corsica also experienced a massive immigration from Tuscany, which gave to the island its present toponymy and rendered the language spoken in the northern two-thirds of the island very close to the Tuscan dialect.^[7] This led to the traditional division of Corsica into two parts, along the main chain of mountains roughly going from Calvi to Porto-Vecchio: the eastern Banda di dentro, or Cismonte, more populated, developed, and open to the commerce with Italy, and the western Banda di fuori, or Pomonte, almost deserted, wild and remote.^[7]

The crushing defeat experienced by Pisa in 1284 in the

The island became known for the large number of mercenary soldiers and officers it produced. In 1743, over 4,600 Corsicans, or 4% of the entire population of the island, were serving as soldiers in various armies (predominantly those of Genoa, Venice, and Spain), making it one of the most militarized societies in Europe.[13]

In 1729, the Corsican Revolution for independence from Genoa began, first led by Luiggi Giafferi and Giacinto Paoli, and later by Paoli's son, Pasquale Paoli. After 26 years of struggle against the Republic of Genoa, including an ephemeral attempt in 1736 to proclaim an independent Kingdom of Corsica under the German adventurer Theodor von Neuhoff, an independent Corsican Republic was proclaimed in 1755 under the leadership of Pasquale Paoli and remained sovereign until 1769 when the island was conquered by France.^[15]

Following the outbreak of the French Revolution in 1789, Pasquale Paoli was able to return to Corsica from exile in Britain. In 1794, he invited British forces under Lord Hood to intervene to free Corsica from French rule. Anglo-Corsican forces drove the French from the island and established an Anglo-Corsican Kingdom.^[16] Following Spain's entry into the war, the British decided to withdraw from Corsica in 1796.^[17]

Despite being the birthplace of the Emperor, the island was slightly neglected by Napoleon's government.^[18] In 1814, near the end of the Napoleonic Wars, Corsica was briefly occupied again by British troops. The Treaty of Bastia gave the British crown sovereignty over the island, but it was later repudiated by Lord Castlereagh who insisted that the island should be returned to a restored French monarchy.

After the restoration, the island was further neglected by the French state. Despite the presence of a middle class in Bastia and Ajaccio, Corsica remained an otherwise primitive place, whose economy consisted mainly of subsistence agriculture, and whose population constituted a pastoral society, dominated by

Despite all that, during those years the Corsicans began to feel an increasingly strong attachment to France. The reasons for that are manifold: the knowledge of the French language, which thanks to the mandatory primary school started to penetrate among the local youth, the high prestige of French culture, the awareness of being part of a big, powerful state, the possibility of well-paid jobs as civil servants, both in the island, in the mainland and in the colonies, the prospect of serving the French army during the wars for the conquest of the colonial empire, the introduction of steamboats, which reduced the travel time between mainland France and the island drastically, and – last but not least – Napoleon himself, whose existence alone constituted an indissoluble link between France and Corsica. Thanks to all these factors by around 1870 Corsica had landed in the French cultural world.^[20]

From the 19th century into the mid-20th century, Corsicans also grew closer to the French nation through participation in the French Empire. Compared to much of Metropolitan France, Corsica was poor and many Corsicans emigrated. While Corsicans emigrated globally, especially to many South American countries, many chose to move within the French Empire which acted as a conduit for emigration and eventual return, as many young Corsican men could find better job opportunities in the far corners of the Empire where many other French hesitated to go. In many parts of the Empire, Corsicans were strongly represented, such as in

After the collapse of France to the German

Between the late 1950s and the 1970s, proposals to conduct

In 2018, Corsica had the highest murder rate in France.[27] In March 2022, Corsica saw large protests and riots after Yvan Colonna, the murderer of Claude Érignac, was murdered in prison.^[28]

The

Corsica was formed about 250 million years ago with the uplift of a granite backbone on the western side. About 50 million years ago sedimentary rock was pressed against this granite, forming the schists of the eastern side. It is the most mountainous island in the Mediterranean, a "mountain in the sea".^[32]

The island is 183 km (114 mi) long at its longest, 83 km (52 mi) wide at its widest, has 1,000 km (620 mi) of coastline, with more than 200 beaches such as Paraguano. Corsica is very mountainous, with Monte Cinto as the highest peak at 2,706 m (8,878 ft), and around 120 other summits of more than 2,000 m (6,600 ft). Mountains comprise two-thirds of the island, forming a single chain. Forests make up 20% of the island.

It is also the fourth largest island in the Mediterranean, after Sicily, Sardinia and Cyprus.

Corsica has nature reserves covering about 3,500 km² (1,400 sq mi) of the total surface area of 8,680 km² (3,350 sq mi), roughly 40% of the total area. Primarily located in its interior is

The island is 90 km (56 mi) from

The Bay of Calvi: Corsica is the most mountainous Mediterranean island.

In 2005 the population of Corsica was settled in approximately 360 communities.^[34]

• 
  Port of Bastia in Corsica, Haute-Corse department
• 
  Ajaccio gulf beach of Ricanto in Corsica, Corse-du-Sud department
• 
  A view of Speloncato
• 
  Brando in the Haute-Corse department

According to the

The station of Sari-Solenzara records the highest year-round temperatures in Metropolitan France, with an annual average of 16.41 °C over the 1981–2010 period. The average amount of sunshine received annually was 2,715 hours in the period 2008–2016.

The island is divided into four major ecological zones, by altitude.

Between 600 and 1,800 m (2,000 and 5,900 ft) is a temperate

The island has a natural park (

Corsica, like all the other Mediterranean islands, was home to endemic mammals during the Late Pleistocene, most or all of these are shared with Sardinia (as Sardinia was joined to Corsica for much of the Pleistocene). After the arrival of humans during Mesolithic around 8000 BC, these began to disappear. Some of the smaller mammals managed to survive until at least the early Iron Age, but are now all extinct.

Extinct mammals formerly native to Corsica include the

As of the January 2024 estimate, Corsica has a population of 355,528 inhabitants.^[1]

Historical population of Corsica

Year Pop. ±% p.a. 1740 120,379 —     1770 130,236 +0.26% 1786 148,172 +0.81% 1806 177,582 +0.91% 1821 180,348 +0.10% 1831 197,967 +0.94% 1836 207,889 +0.93% 1841 221,463 +1.27% 1846 230,271 +0.77% 1851 236,251 +0.51% 1856 240,183 +0.35% 1861 252,889 +1.02% 1866 259,861 +0.55% 1872 258,507 −0.09%

Year Pop. ±% p.a. 1876 262,701 +0.36% 1881 272,639 +0.72% 1936 221,990 −0.38% 1954 175,818 −1.27% 1962 180,862 +0.36% 1968 205,268 +2.13% 1975 225,562 +1.36% 1982 240,178 +0.90% 1990 250,371 +0.52% 1999 260,196 +0.43% 2010 309,693 +1.62% 2015 327,283 +1.11% 2021 347,597 +1.01% 2024 355,528 +0.75%

Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. Updates on reimplementing the Graph extension, which will be known as the Chart extension, can be found on Phabricator and on INSEE to correct the overestimated population of the censuses at the time. Source: 1740–1786 censuses,[38] 1806–1881 censuses,[39] INSEE's censuses (1982–2021, as well as redressed figures 1936–1975),[40] and INSEE estimate (2024).[1] Immigration At the 2019 census, 55.7% of the inhabitants of Corsica were people born on the island, 29.9% were from Continental France, 0.3% were natives of Overseas France, and 14.1% were born in foreign countries.[41] The majority of the foreign immigrants in Corsica come from the Maghreb (particularly Moroccans, who made up 29.0% of all immigrants in Corsica at the 2019 census) and from Southern Europe (particularly Portuguese and Italians, 23.9% and 12.5% of immigrants on the island respectively).[42] Place of birth of residents of Corsica (at the 1982, 1990, 1999, 2008, 2013, and 2019 censuses) Census Born in Corsica Born in Continental France Born in Overseas France Born in foreign countries with French citizenship at birth1 Immigrants2 2019 55.7% 29.9% 0.3% 4.2% 9.9% from the Maghreb3 from Southern Europe4 from the rest of the world 3.9% 3.8% 2.2% 2013 55.8% 28.9% 0.3% 4.8% 10.2% from the Maghreb3 from Southern Europe4 from the rest of the world 4.4% 3.9% 1.9% 2008 57.9% 27.3% 0.3% 5.2% 9.3% from the Maghreb3 from Southern Europe4 from the rest of the world 4.4% 3.4% 1.5% 1999 59.5% 24.8% 0.3% 5.5% 10.0% from the Maghreb3 from Southern Europe4 from the rest of the world 5.3% 3.3% 1.4% 1990 62.0% 21.3% 0.2% 6.0% 10.5% 1982 61.6% 20.4% 0.2% 6.0% 11.8% 1Essentially Pieds-Noirs who resettled in Corsica after the independence of Tunisia, Morocco and Algeria, many of whom had Corsican ancestry. 2An immigrant is by French definition a person born in a foreign country and who did not have French citizenship at birth. Note that an immigrant may have acquired French citizenship since moving to France, but is still listed as an immigrant in French statistics. On the other hand, persons born in France with foreign citizenship (the children of immigrants) are not listed as immigrants. 3Morocco, Tunisia, Algeria 4Portugal, Italy, Spain Source: INSEE[43][42][41][44][45][46] Languages Main articles: Ligurian (Romance language) French regional languages: Corsican is the second most widely spoken language after French. However, since the annexation of the island by France in the 18th century, Corsican has been under heavy pressure from French, and today it is estimated that only 10% of Corsica's population speak the language natively, with only 50% having some sort of proficiency in it.[48] The Corsican language is divided into two main varieties: Cismuntanu and Ultramuntanu, spoken respectively northeast and southwest of the Girolata– Porto Vecchio line. This division was due to the massive immigration from Tuscany which took place in Corsica during the lower Middle Ages: as a result, the Cismuntanu became very similar to the Tuscan dialects, being part of the Italo-Dalmatian language group, while the Ultramuntanu maintained its original characteristics which make it much more similar to a Southern Romance language, such as Sardinian (Sardu).[49][50] Therefore, due to the differences between the main dialectal varieties, many linguists classify Corsican as an Italo-Dalmatian language,[51] while others consider it a Southern Romance one.[52] Fewer and fewer people speak a Ligurian dialect, known as bunifazzinu,[53] in what has long been a language island, Bonifacio, and in Ajaccio, the aghjaccinu dialect. In Cargèse, a village established by Greek immigrants in the 17th century, Greek (Ελληνικά) was the traditional language.[54] Among foreign languages, the most spoken ones were English (39%) and Italian (34%) as reported by an official survey by the regional government.[55] Cuisine Main article: Cuisine of Corsica From the mountains to the plains and sea, many ingredients play a role. Corsican wines (Vinu Corsu), muscat wine (plain or sparkling), to the famous "Cap Corse" apéritif produced by Mattei. The herbs which are part of Maquis (Corsican : machja), and the chestnuts and acorns of the Corsican forests are eaten by local animals, resulting in a noticeable flavour in the food there. Art Corsica has produced a number of known artists: Alizée (singer/dancer) Martha Angelici (opera singer) A Filetta (polyphonic chant group) Canta U Populu Corsu (band) Laetitia Casta (model/actress) Baptiste Giabiconi (model/singer) Julien de Casabianca (cineast) Jérôme Ferrari (writer) Patrick Fiori (singer) Petru Guelfucci (singer) José Luccioni (opera singer) Gaston Micheletti (opera singer) I Muvrini (band) Jenifer (singer) François Lanzi (painter) Ange Leccia (visual art) Henri Padovani (musician; original guitarist for The Police) Thierry de Peretti (cineast) Marie-Claude Pietragalla (dancer) Jean-Paul Poletti (singer) Robin Renucci (comedian) Tino Rossi (singer) César Vezzani (opera singer) Sport Most Corsican football clubs are currently littered through the top 5 tiers of French football. FC Bastia-Borgo currently competes in the Championnat National and Gazélec Ajaccio currently competes in the Championnat National 3. ÉF Bastia previously competed in Regional 1, but in 2021 merged with fellow Corsican team Association de la Jeunesse de Biguglia, to form Football Jeunesse Étoile Biguglia. Tour de Corse is a rally held since 1956, which was a round of the World Rally Championship from 1973 to 2008 and later the Intercontinental Rally Challenge and European Rally Championship. The Tour de Corse returned as a World Rally Championship round in 2015. Administration Before 1975, Corsica was a département of the French region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur. In 1975 two new départements, Haute-Corse and Corse-du-Sud , were created by splitting the hitherto united departement of Corsica. On 2 March 1982, a law was passed that gave Corsica the status of territorial collectivity (collectivité territoriale), abolishing the Corsican Regional Council. Unlike the regional councils, the Corsican Assembly has executive powers over the island. In 1992, three institutions were formed in the territorial collectivity of Corsica: The Executive Council of Corsica , which handles the type of executive functions held in other French regions by the presidents of the Regional Councils. It ensures the stability and consistency needed to manage the affairs of the territory The unicameral legislative body with greater powers than the regional councils on the mainland The Economic, Social and Cultural Council of Corsica, an advisory body A local referendum held in 2003, aimed at abolishing the two départements to leave a territorial collectivity with extended powers, was voted down by a narrow margin. However, the issue of Corsican autonomy and greater powers for the Corsican Assembly continues to hold sway over Corsican politics. Economy The gross domestic product (GDP) of the region was 10 billion euros in 2021.[56] In 1584 the mulberry tree. Many communities owe their origin and former richness to the ensuing chestnut woods.[57] Chestnut bread keeps fresh for as long as two weeks.[58] Corsica's main exports are granite and marble, tannic acid, cork, cheese, wine, citrus fruit, olive oil and cigarettes.[59] The Corsican mafia has a considerable influence on the local economy.[60] Transport Airports Corsica has four international airports: Ajaccio Napoleon Bonaparte Airport Bastia – Poretta Airport Calvi – Sainte-Catherine Airport Figari–Sud Corse Airport (near Bonifacio and Porto Vecchio in the south) All airports are served by regional French airline Air Corsica, as well as Air France which mainly offers connections to Paris-Orly. Budget carriers, such as EasyJet and Ryanair, offer seasonal connections to different cities in Europe. Railway The island has 232 kilometres (144 miles) of metre gauge railway. The main line runs between Bastia and Ajaccio via Ponte Leccia, and there is a branch line from Ponte Leccia to Calvi. The name of the rail network is Chemins de fer de la Corse (CFC). For a list of stations, see Railway stations in Corsica . There was also the Eastern Coast Railway [fr] along the Tyrrhenian seacoast; that line was heavily damaged during World War II, and subsequently closed for good.[61] Seaports Corsica is well connected to the European mainland (Italy and France) by various car ferry lines. The island's busiest seaport is Porto Vecchio in the south also have smaller ferry docks and are seasonally served from France (Marseille), while Bonifacio's harbour is only frequented by smaller car ferries from the neighbouring island of Sardinia . The ferry companies serving Corsica are SNCM (from Marseille, Toulon and Nice in France), CMN – La Méridionale (from Marseille in France) and Moby Lines (from Livorno and Genoa in Italy).[63][64][65][66] Politics The French government is opposed to full independence but has at times shown support for some level of autonomy. There is support on the island for proposals for greater autonomy, but polls show that a large majority of Corsicans are opposed to full independence.[67][68] In 1972, the Italian company Montedison dumped toxic waste off the Corsican coast, creating what looked like red mud in waters around the island with the poisoning of the sea, the most visible effects being cetaceans found dead on the shores. At that time the Corsican people felt that the French government did not support them. To stop the poisoning, one ship carrying toxic waste from Italy was bombed.[69] Some Nationalist groups that claim to support bombings and assassinations, usually targeting buildings and officials representing the French government or Corsicans themselves for political reasons.[70] In 2000, Prime Minister French National Assembly, who feared that they would lead to calls for autonomy from other régions (such as Brittany, Alsace, or Provence), eventually threatening France's unity as a country.[72] The Corsican autonomy referendum on 6 July 2003, a narrow majority of Corsican voters opposed a proposal by the government of Jean-Pierre Raffarin and then-Interior Minister Nicolas Sarkozy that would have abolished the two départements of the island and granted greater autonomy to the territorial collectivity of Corsica.[73] On 13 December 2015, the regionalist coalition Pè a Corsica (English: For Corsica), supported by both Femu a Corsica and Corsica Libera and led by Gilles Siméoni, won the territorial elections with a percentage of 36.9%.[74][75] On 17 December 2015, Jean Guy Talamoni was elected President of the Assembly of Corsica and Gilles Siméoni was elected Executive President of the Council of the Region. In addition, legislation granting Corsica a greater degree of autonomy was passed[vague].[76] On 16 March 2022, the interior minister, Gérald Darmanin, told regional newspaper Corse Matin before a two-day visit: "We are ready to go as far as autonomy – there you go, the word has been said."[77] The comment came after two weeks of rioting in which 100 people were injured and public buildings and police were attacked with homemade explosive devices. In January 2025, the Assembly created an information mission on the institutional future of Corsica.[78] The information mission could give way to a real legislative power if, after 5 years, the adaptation status proves to be insufficient.[79] See also Corsican immigration to Puerto Rico Corsican immigration to Venezuela Corsican language Corsican mafia Corsican nationalism Corsican Workers' Trade Union "Dio vi salvi Regina" — the unofficial Corsican anthem GR 20 Italian irredentism in Corsica List of bodies of water of Corsica List of castles in Corsica List of Corsican people University of Corsica Pascal Paoli Notes ^ a b c d INSEE. "Estimation de population par région, sexe et grande classe d'âge – Années 1975 à 2024" (in French). Retrieved 17 January 2024. ^ "EU regions by GDP, Eurostat". Retrieved 18 September 2023. ^ Dodman, Benjamin (12 March 2024). "French and Corsican officials strike deal in 'decisive step' towards island's autonomy". France 24. PMID 31537848 . ^ a b c d Bertarelli (1929), p. 41 ISBN 8885098924 . ^ a b c d e f g Bertarelli (1929), p. 42 ^ a b Bertarelli (1929), p. 43 ^ a b Bertarelli (1929), p. 45 ^ Bertarelli (1929), p. 46 ^ "Ancient Corsica beckons with deserted beaches and historic structures ^ Bertarelli (1929), p. 48 ^ Gregory Hanlon "The Twilight of a Military Tradition: Italian Aristocrats And European Conflicts, 1560-1800" Routledge (1997) p318 ^ "A cutter and a man of war off Corsica 1788". Royal Museums Greenwich. Retrieved 30 March 2024. JSTOR 564654 . ^ Tandori Maria published by publicatio.bibl.u-szeged.hu ISBN 9780838632253 . ^ Howard, John E., Letters and Documents of Napoleon: Vol. 1 Rise to Power. New York: Oxford University Press, 1961. ^ Gregorovius, Ferdinand (1855). Wanderings in Corsica: its history and its heroes. Thomas Constable and Company. p. 196. ^ a b Ravis-Giordani (1991), p. 112–114 ^ Echo de la Corse (May–June 1929). "Inepuissable pepiniere de soldats et de coloniaux". Saigon-Cyrnos: Bulletin de l'Amicale Corse de la Cochinchine et du Cambodge. 43: 13–14. ^ Guelfi, A.D. (April 1931). "Les Corses hors de Corse partout presents toujours unis". Saigon-Cyrnos: Bulletin de l'Amicale Corse de la Cochinchine et du Cambodge. 58: 13–14. ^ Azéma, Jean-Pierre; Wieviorka, Olivier (1997). Vichy 1940-1944 (in French). Perrin. pp. 231–33. ^ Paletti, C. (1999). Un'operazione riuscita: Corsica settembre 1943 (in Italian). Ufficio Storico Stato maggiore Esercito. ^ "Jacques Massu obituary". Times online. Archived from the original on 1 June 2010. Retrieved 27 October 2012. ^ "Corsica's 253 year struggle for self-rule". 8 February 2023. Retrieved 13 March 2022. ^ "Homicides" (PDF). 2018. ^ "Gilles Simeoni: "Nous ne sommes pas à l'abri d'un embrasement généralisé en Corse"" (in French). Le Figaro. 11 March 2022. Retrieved 13 March 2022. ^ "European Severe Weather Database". European Severe Storms Laboratory. Retrieved 18 August 2022. ^ "Violents orages en Corse: les images impressionnantes de l'aéroport d'Ajaccio balayé par des rafales de vent". 18 August 2022. Retrieved 18 August 2022. ^ Angrand, Marc; Overstraeten, Benoit Van (18 August 2022). "Three killed as violent storm hits Corsica". Reuters. Retrieved 18 August 2022. ISBN 9781402050640 . ^ ISBN 978-1-85284-387-8 . ^ Keyser, William (2005). "Corsican Villages and Towns" (PDF). Corsica Isula. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 May 2008. Retrieved 29 April 2008. ^ "Climatological Information for Sari-Solenzara, France" Archived 28 July 2020 at the Wayback Machine – Météo France ISBN 0-8386-3225-4 . ^ Hogan, C. Michael (2009). N. Stromberg (ed.). Hooded Crow: Corvus cornix. Archived from the original on 26 November 2010 – via GlobalTwitcher.com. doi:10.3406/ahrf.1971.4025 . Retrieved 11 March 2023. ^ Henri Lamirault (ed.). La grande encyclopédie : inventaire raisonné des sciences, des lettres et des arts. Vol. 12. p. 1088. 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Cullettività di Corsica - Collectivité de Corse. ^ "EU regions by GDP, Eurostat". ^ "The Chestnut Tree". terracorsa.info. ^ Ward, Artemas (1911). "Bread". The Grocer's Encyclopedia – Encyclopedia of Foods and Beverages. p. 76.[dead link‍] ^ "The Region of Corsica". french-at-a-touch.com. Archived from the original on 23 March 2014. Retrieved 23 March 2014. ^ "Corsica Organized Crime On The Rise". HuffPost. 5 March 2013. Archived from the original on 5 March 2013. Retrieved 2 September 2024. ^ Williams, Glyn. "Tourist and Minor Railways Corse (Corsica)". sinfin.net. Retrieved 17 January 2023. ^ "EU transport in figures – Statistical Pocketbook 2012" (PDF), European Commission, 30 June 2023 ^ Corsica Ferries – Official Website ^ SNCM – Official Website, archived from the original on 26 September 2010, retrieved 29 July 2020 ^ Compagnie méridionale de navigation (CMN) – Official Website ^ Moby Lines – Official Website ^ "89% des corses opposés à l'indépendance de l'île" [89% Corsicans are opposed to Corsican independence], Nouvel Observateur (in French), October 2008 ^ Enquête: la Corse vue par les Corses – Rue89, Le nouvel observateur Ru98. Archived from the original on June 8, 2012. Retrieved November 14, 2012. ISBN 9781402083846 . ^ "France Moves to Crush Corsican Separatists". The New York Times. 15 January 1997. Retrieved 17 December 2012. ^ "Corsican". UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger. 27 April 2011. Retrieved 24 November 2012. ^ "French Cabinet Split Over Corsican Autonomy". The New York Times. 30 August 2000. Retrieved 24 November 2012. ^ "A worrying result". The Economist. The Economist Newspaper Limited. 10 July 2003. Retrieved 24 November 2012. ^ "Victoire historique des nationalistes en Corse". abp.bzh. ^ "Corsican nationalists win historic victory in French elections". The Guardian. 14 December 2015 – via theguardian.com. ^ "Discours de Gilles Simeoni, président du conseil exécutif de Corse – France 3 Corse ViaStella". france3-regions.francetvinfo.fr. 17 December 2015. ^ Chrisafis, Angelique (16 March 2022). "France may offer Corsica 'autonomy' as it struggles to quell protests | France". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 19 March 2022. ^ "Autonomie de la Corse: l'Assemblée créée une mission d'information sur l'avenir institutionnel de l'île". Le Figaro. 18 December 2024. Retrieved 31 January 2025. ^ Patrick Vinciguerra (8 January 2025). "Corse : le Sénat favorable à une autonomie... a minima". France Bleu. Retrieved 31 January 2025. Bibliography Bertarelli, Luigi Vittorio (1929). Corsica. Guida d'Italia (in Italian). Rome: CTI. Carrington, Dorothy. 1971. Granite Island: A Portrait of Corsica. London: Longman. (reprinted by Penguin Books, 2008) Carrington, Dorothy. 1995. The Dream Hunters of Corsica. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. Carrington, Dorothy. 1962. This Corsica: A Complete Guide. London: Hammond & Hammond. Loughlin, John. 1989. "Regionalism and Ethnic Nationalism in France: A Case-study of Corsica". Thesis. San Domenico, Italy: European University Institute. Loughlin, John, and Claude Olivesi (eds.). 1999. Autonomies insulaires: vers une politique de différence pour la Corse. Ajaccio: Editions Albiana. ISBN 2-905124-47-4 Ravis-Giordani, Georges (1991). Le Guide de la Corse. Besançon: La Manufacture. ISBN 2-7377-0262-3 . Saul, John Ralston. 1992. Voltaire's Bastards: The Dictatorship of Reason in the West. New York: Free Press; Maxwell Macmillan International. ISBN 0-02-927725-6 External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to Corsica. Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Corsica. Official website Corsica: a mountain in the sea – Official French website (in English) "Corsica" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 7 (11th ed.). 1911. pp. 199–204. Costa, L. J.; Cécile Costa (2005). "Préhistoire de la Corse" (in French). Kyrnos Publications pour l'archéologie. Archived from the original on 7 October 2018. Retrieved 26 April 2008. "TerraCorsa, I Muvrini and much more Corsican music". TerraCorsa. Retrieved 22 August 2011. Dumas, Alexandre (2003) [1845]. The Corsican Brothers. Arthur's Classical Novels. Archived from the original on 19 April 2008. Retrieved 27 April 2008. "National Geographic Magazine: Corsica Map". National Geographic Society. 2003. Archived from the original on 10 December 2012. Retrieved 5 May 2008. "Corsica rejects autonomy offer by Paris". CNN. 6 July 2003. Archived from the original on 8 April 2008. Retrieved 26 April 2008. Keyser, Will. "Corsica from the inside!". Corsica Isula. Retrieved 26 April 2008. jabro. "Getting around in Corsica by bicycle". jabro.net. Archived from the original on 8 May 2010. Retrieved 28 August 2009. Guiderdoni, jf. "A different visit of Corsica". corsica_experience. Archived from the original on 29 May 2011. Retrieved 5 June 2011. Ferries to Corsica Archived 15 May 2013 at the Wayback Machine Detailed technical specifications of the various ferry vessels, history, deckplans. (in Italian) Audio recording of the traditional Corsican folktale 'Goldenhair' (in English) Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Corsica&oldid=1284443752"