County of Sicily
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County of Sicily | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1071–1130 | |||||||||
Simon | |||||||||
• 1105–1130 | Roger II | ||||||||
History | |||||||||
• Established | 1071 | ||||||||
• Disestablished | 1130 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
Today part of | Italy Malta |
The County of Sicily, also known as County of Sicily and Calabria,[1][2] was a Norman state comprising the islands of Sicily and Malta and part of Calabria from 1071 until 1130.[3] The county began to form during the Christian reconquest of Sicily (1061–91) from the Muslim Emirate, established by conquest in 965. The county is thus a transitional period in the history of Sicily. After the Muslims had been defeated and either forced out or incorporated into the Norman military, a further period of transition took place for the county and the Sicilians.
History
The County of Sicily was created by
Robert Guiscard left Roger in an ambiguous relationship with his successors of the
When William died in 1127, Roger inherited the mainland duchy; three years later, in 1130 in Palermo, he merged his holdings to form the
List of counts
House of Hauteville
Sicily was granted, pending its Christian reconquest, to Robert Guiscard as "duke" in 1059 by Pope Nicholas II. Then Guiscard granted it as a county to his brother Roger.
Count | Portrait | Birth | Marriages | Death |
---|---|---|---|---|
Roger I 1071–1101 |
1031 son of Tancred of Hauteville and Fredisenda |
Judith of Évreux 1061 4 children Eremburga of Mortain 1077 8 children Adelaide del Vasto 1087 4 children |
1101 Mileto aged 70 | |
Simon 1101–1105 |
1093 son of Roger I of Sicily and Adelaide del Vasto |
never married | 1105 Mileto aged 12 | |
Roger II 1105–1130 |
22 December 1095 Mileto son of Roger I of Sicily and Adelaide del Vasto |
Beatrix of Rethel 1151 1 child |
26 February 1154 Palermo aged 59 |
See also
- Kingdom of Africa
- Norman-Arab-Byzantine culture
References
- ^ Fiore, Giovanni. Della Calabria illustrata, Vol. 3. Rubbettino, 1999. p. 551.
- ^ Roger I, Encyclopædia Britannica: "Roger went to Italy in 1057 to aid his brother Robert Guiscard in his conquest of Calabria from the Byzantines (1060). They began the conquest of Sicily from various Muslim rulers in 1061 with the capture of Messina, and they completed it in 1091. The turning point of the struggle was the capture of Palermo in 1072, when Robert invested Roger as his vassal with the county of Sicily and Calabria with a limited right to govern and to tax."
- ^ Takayama, Hiroshi. The Administration of the Norman Kingdom of Sicily. Brill Publishers: Leiden, 1993. p. 47.
- ^ Takayama, p. 25.
- ^ Takayama, p. 25.
- ^ Camera, Matteo. Annali Delle Due Sicilie, Vol. I, 1841. p. 32.
- ^ Takayama, p. 48.
- ^ Takayama, p. 48.