Court Square–23rd Street station

Coordinates: 40°44′51″N 73°56′42″W / 40.7476°N 73.9451°W / 40.7476; -73.9451
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Court Square (IRT Flushing Line)
)

 Court Square–23 Street
 
Q69
Levels3
Other information
Opened1990 (Queens Boulevard & Crosstown lines)
June 3, 2011; 12 years ago (2011-06-03) (Flushing line)
AccessibleThis station is partially compliant with the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 Partially ADA-accessible (all except for eastbound IND Queens Boulevard Line platform; accessibility planned for remainder of station)
Traffic
20224,426,924[3]Increase 56.4%
Rank52 out of 423[3]
Location
Court Square–23rd Street station is located in New York City Subway
Court Square–23rd Street station
Court Square–23rd Street station is located in New York City
Court Square–23rd Street station
Court Square–23rd Street station is located in New York
Court Square–23rd Street station
Street map

Map

Station service legend
Symbol Description
Stops all times Stops all times
Stops rush hours in the peak direction only Stops rush hours in the peak direction only
Stops weekdays during the day Stops weekdays during the day

The Court Square–23rd Street station is a

<F>
train during rush hours in the reverse-peak direction.

The complex comprises three originally separate stations, formerly known as the 23rd Street–Ely Avenue station (Queens Boulevard Line), Long Island City–Court Square station (Crosstown Line), and 45th Road–Court House Square station (Flushing Line). The Flushing Line station was the first to open, in 1916. The Crosstown Line station opened in 1933, followed by the Queens Boulevard Line station in 1939.

Two passageways were built to connect the three stations. The first was built in 1990, following the opening of the Citigroup office tower at One Court Square. In December 2001, this passageway came into greater use when G trains started to terminate at Court Square. A second passageway was completed between the Crosstown and Flushing Line stations in 2011. The Flushing and Crosstown Line stations were renamed "Court Square"; these stations became ADA-accessible in 2011 and 2023, respectively. The Queens Boulevard Line station, which is not fully ADA-compliant, was renamed "Court Square–23rd Street".

History

IRT Flushing Line station

NYCT president Thomas Prendergast at the complex's opening in 2011
Escalators to the Flushing Line platform

In 1913, the New York City Public Service Commission formalized the

Flushing.[4][7]

The first part of the future IRT Flushing Line, from

The city government took over the IRT's operations on June 12, 1940.

rollsigns with numbered designations for each service.[14] The route from Times Square to Flushing became known as the 7.[15] In 1949, the New York City Board of Transportation announced that the Flushing Line platforms would be lengthened to 11 IRT car lengths; the platforms were only able to fit nine 51-foot-long IRT cars beforehand.[16][17] The platforms at the station were extended in 1955–1956 to accommodate 11-car trains.[18] However, nine-car trains continued to run on the 7 route until 1962, when they were extended to ten cars.[19] In 2005, the station was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.[20][21]
: L6 

IND stations

In the late 1920s and early 1930s, the city-owned

The Queens Boulevard Line station, provisionally called "21st Street/Van Alst Avenue,"

in-fill station due to expanding commercial and industrial operations in the area, with tilework, staircases, and other equipment installed.[30][28][29][32] The station was finished by 1938, but its opening was delayed once again due to alleged lack of demand, with calls to open the station to serve the Long Island City Courthouse, St. John's Hospital (now the site of One Court Square), and the newly opened Queensbridge Houses.[33][34]

The Queens Boulevard Line station finally opened as 23rd Street–Ely Avenue on August 28, 1939, six years after the first section of the Queens Boulevard Line and the opening of Court Square station on the Crosstown line.[28][29] Ely Avenue was the former name of 23rd Street[29][27][35] until many named streets in the borough were given numbers by the Queens Topographical Bureau in 1915.[36] Similarly, Van Alst Avenue is now 21st Street,[22][29][37] while the former Nott Avenue is the present-day 44th Drive.[26]

Connections and renovations

The 1990s-era entrance to the station, built under a renovation funded by Citicorp

In 1984, the

Lexington Avenue–53rd Street station, the next stop southbound on the Queens Boulevard Line. However, that stop was located in Manhattan, across the East River from Queens. The company selected the Court Square site due to its proximity to the Queens Boulevard subway.[44]

The building opened in 1989, with the passageway completed later on.[43] In 2000, the MTA began designing a second in-system passageway between the Flushing and Crosstown Line stations.[45][46] On December 16, 2001, the 63rd Street Line connector was opened and service on the Queens Boulevard Line was increased, requiring G trains to terminate at Court Square on weekdays. To compensate Crosstown riders going into Queens, a free out-of-system transfer to the Flushing Line station was created.[47][48] In addition, moving walkways in the corridor between the Crosstown and Queens Boulevard Line platforms were installed in December 2001.[47][48][49] The moving walkway was subsequently found to have limited benefits: it saved commuters an average of 9 seconds; was often out of service; and could only operate in one direction toward the Queens Boulevard Line platforms.[50][51]

ADA-accessible elevator to the westbound Queens Boulevard Line platform

In October 2005, Citigroup announced they would be funding the passageway between the Flushing and Crosstown line stations, as a zoning requirement for the construction of the Court Square Two building.[52][53] On March 17, 2011, the Queens Boulevard station was renamed to "Court Square–23rd Street".[36] On June 3, 2011, the $47 million ADA-accessible connection between the Crosstown Line and Flushing Line stations was opened and the two stations were renamed "Court Square".[54][55][56] Most of the project was funded by Citigroup, but $13.9 million was covered by the MTA.[52][57] The Flushing Line station was closed from January 21 to April 2, 2012, to complete further renovations, including platform upgrades and alterations to the station's mezzanine to make the station fully ADA-compliant.[58][59]

ADA accessibility for the Crosstown Line platform was funded as part of the 2015–2019 Capital Program.

14th Street Tunnel, used by riders of the L train. Two staircases between the IND Crosstown Line platform and the mezzanine were widened and two new staircases added, and the moving walkways were removed, providing additional capacity.[64][50][65] In December 2021, the MTA awarded a contract for the installation of elevators at eight stations, including the Crosstown Line platform at the Court Square station, replacing one of the stairways which had been added in 2018.[66][67] The project was scheduled to be completed in March 2023,[68] but completion was pushed back to mid-July of that year.[69][70]

In December 2019, the MTA announced that the Queens Boulevard Line platforms would become ADA-accessible as part of the agency's 2020–2024 Capital Program.[71] With the construction of the Skyline Tower above the station in the late 2010s, its developer spent $17 million to construct a new entrance to the Queens Boulevard Line's westbound platform,[72] which opened in March 2021.[73][74] A future developer will construct an elevator from the westbound Queens Boulevard Line platform to the mezzanine.[75] The MTA began receiving bids for the construction of a ramp to the eastbound platform in May 2023,[76] and the contract was awarded that December.[77]

Station layout

3rd floor
Flushing platforms
Side platform Disabled access
Southbound "7" train"7" express train toward 34th Street–Hudson Yards (Hunters Point Avenue)
Northbound "7" train"7" express train toward Flushing–Main Street (Queensboro Plaza)
Side platform Disabled access
2nd floor Upper mezzanine Fare control, station agent, MetroCard machines
Disabled access Elevator at northeast corner of 23rd Street and Jackson Avenue for "7" train"7" express train​ and "G" train trains; transfers to other services not accessible
Ground Street level Exit/entrance
Basement 1 Lower mezzanine Fare control, station agent, MetroCard machines, passageways between platforms
Basement 2
Queens Boulevard platforms
Side platform Disabled access
Southbound "E" train toward World Trade Center (Lexington Avenue–53rd Street)
"F" train"F" express train toward Coney Island–Stillwell Avenue (Lexington Avenue–53rd Street)
Northbound "E" train toward Jamaica Center–Parsons/Archer (Queens Plaza)
"F" train"F" express train toward Jamaica–179th Street (Queens Plaza)
Side platform
Basement 2
Crosstown platform
Southbound "G" train toward Church Avenue (21st Street)
(No service: Queens Plaza)
Island platform Disabled access
Southbound "G" train toward Church Avenue (21st Street)

The station complex is located in

fare control connecting the stations.[38][79] In addition, there is no direct connection between the Flushing and Queens Boulevard platforms.[79]

Crosstown–Queens Boulevard Lines transfer passageway

The northernmost passageway, which is 360 feet (110 m) long, connects the eastern end of the Queens Boulevard Line station, at 44th Drive east of 23rd Street, with the north end of the Crosstown Line station at Jackson Avenue and 45th Avenue.

63rd Street Line was completed[38][39] (which ultimately occurred in 2001).[47][48] It was constructed in the 1990s after Citigroup opened its 658-foot (201 m) office tower at One Court Square.[40]: 9 [41][43]

The passageway is split into two sections, and between these two sections is the full-time fare control area for the complex. The main fare control area has a ceiling with a skylight, as well as a turnstile bank, token booth, and two staircases. One has two escalators and goes up to south side of 44th Drive inside a Citibank location next to the tower, and the other is open weekdays only and leads to the entrance plaza of One Court Square.[40][79] A set of escalators opposite the street stairs lead to the building's lobby.[48]

Lining the walls of this passageway is Stream, a glass mosaic mural by Elizabeth Murray, which was installed in 2001.[80][81] This is one of two murals Murray made for MTA Arts & Design; the other, Blooming, was installed at Lexington Avenue/59th Street.[81]

The former moving sidewalk, removed in summer 2018

Flushing–Crosstown Lines transfer passageway

The second passageway, opened in June 2011, consists of two escalators, one elevator, and one staircase within a glass-enclosed structure that connects the underground Crosstown Line station and the elevated Flushing Line station at 45th Road.[47][52][57] Between 2001 and 2011, this was a free out-of-system transfer that could be made using MetroCards.[47] The elevators provide ADA access to the IRT Flushing Line and IND Crosstown Line platforms, as well as an accessible transfer between the two sets of platforms (though not to the IND Queens Boulevard Line station). Starting in 2020, one of the stairs to the IND Crosstown Line platform was to be demolished and replaced with an elevator.[82] The elevator from the Flushing–Crosstown Lines transfer passageway to the IND Crosstown Line platform opened in mid-July 2023.[69]

IRT Flushing Line platforms

 Court Square
 
<7> rush hours until 9:30 p.m., peak direction (rush hours until 9:30 p.m., peak direction)​
StructureElevated
Platforms2 side platforms
Tracks2
Other information
OpenedNovember 5, 1916; 107 years ago (1916-11-05) (first station)[10]
June 3, 2011; 12 years ago (2011-06-03) (second station)
AccessibleThis station is compliant with the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 ADA-accessible (Transfer accessible to IND Crosstown Line platform only)
Opposite-
direction
transfer
Yes
Former/other names45th Road–Court House Square
Services
Preceding station New York City Subway New York City Subway Following station
<7> rush hours until 9:30 p.m., peak direction
<7> rush hours until 9:30 p.m., peak direction
Track layout

Station service legend
Symbol Description
Stops all times Stops all times
Stops rush hours in the peak direction only Stops rush hours in the peak direction only

45th Road – Court House Square (Dual System IRT)
MPS
New York City Subway System MPS
NRHP reference No.05000229[83]
Added to NRHPMarch 3, 2005

The Court Square station on the

<7> train stops here during rush hours in the peak direction.[85] The next stop to the west is Hunters Point Avenue, while the next stop to the east is Queensboro Plaza.[86] The station opened on November 5, 1916, as 45th Road–Court House Square.[10][11] The station measures 55.5 feet (16.9 m) wide and was originally 350 feet (110 m) long. As part of the 1950s platform-lengthening project, the platforms were increased from 480 to 565 feet (146 to 172 m) long.[87]: 3  The platforms generally measure 12 feet (3.7 m) wide.[88]
: 994 

As with other elevated viaducts built by the IRT, the elevated structure at Court Square is carried on two column bents, one on each side of the road, at places where the tracks are no more than 29 feet (8.8 m) above the ground level. There is zigzag lateral bracing at intervals of every four panels.[87]: 3 

The original wooden platforms were placed atop the metal trusses of the viaduct and had corrugated-metal windscreens. The platforms were mostly covered by steel canopies with support frames, except at the northernmost 85 feet (26 m) of each platform. There were employee rooms above the southern end of the eastbound platform.[87]: 4  The current platforms were installed in the 2012 renovations[58][59] and are made of fiberglass.[88]: 2985  They are composed of numerous panels of composite fiberglass resin, lighter than conventional concrete and designed to resist corrosion and thermal expansion. The platform edges have ADA-compliant tactile strips.[58][59] Both platforms have beige windscreens that run along their entire lengths and brown canopies with green frames and support columns except for a small section at their north ends.[58] Small sections of the windscreens are mesh, allowing a view into the local area.[59]

Exits

This station has an elevated station house beneath the tracks at the extreme south end. A single staircase from each platform goes down to a combined waiting area and crossunder, where a

fare control, there is a token booth; an elevator and two staircases go down to the northwestern corner of 45th Road and 23rd Street.[21]: K2  Two escalators and a staircase, located within an enclosed structure, lead directly to the complex's underground mezzanine area via a new transfer passageway.[58][79] The northbound platform's elevator also leads to the underground mezzanine within fare control, stopping at the station house level but bypassing the street along the way.[79] The southbound platform's elevator only connects that platform to the station house. A single staircase also leads to the southwestern corner of 45th Road and 23rd Street.[21]: K2  It is signposted as serving only the Flushing Line station, as opposed to all three stations of the complex.[58][79]

The original station house, demolished as part of the 2011 renovation, had a relatively simple design. The exterior walls of the old station house were clad in painted metal. There were wooden windows to the north, south, and east. On the southern facade of the old station house, there were square panels below each window, as well as a set of three-by-three windows. There was a standing-seam metal roof above the southern part of the station house.[87]: 4  The floor of the station house was made of concrete (divided by wooden strips) and supported by a wooden deck.[87]: 4–5  Inside the station house was a station agent's booth on the south wall, a bank of turnstiles in the center, and three staff rooms to the north. The ceiling of the station house was made of concrete, which was painted.[87]: 5 

The station house formerly had two more staircases leading to either eastern corner, as well as another staircase to the northwestern corner.[87]: 4 [40] These staircases had simple railings and were covered by cantilevered canopies.[87]: 5  The former staircases at the northeastern and southeastern corners of 45th Road and 23rd Street were replaced in June 2011 by the in-system transfer to the underground platforms, which added a new staircase to the former southeast corner of the intersection.[55][79] As part of the project, a short strip of 45th Road between 23rd Street and Jackson Avenue was de-mapped, while the adjacent Albert Short Triangle was renovated.[21]: G3, G5  In the early 20th century, there were requests for an additional entrance from 23rd Street at the north end of the station, but this was never constructed.[89]

Gallery

  • Manhattan-bound platform before renovation, looking south
    Manhattan-bound platform before renovation, looking south
  • Covered section of new platform at Court Square
    Covered section of new platform at Court Square
  • Outdoor section of new platform
    Outdoor section of new platform
  • Station entrance in 2005, prior to the construction of the direct connection to the IND complex
    Station entrance in 2005, prior to the construction of the direct connection to the IND complex

IND Queens Boulevard Line platforms

 Court Square–23 Street
 
<F> two rush hour trains, peak direction (two rush hour trains, peak direction)
StructureUnderground
Platforms2 side platforms
Tracks2
Other information
OpenedAugust 28, 1939; 84 years ago (1939-08-28)[90]
AccessibleThis station is partially compliant with the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 Partially ADA-accessible; accessibility to rest of station planned (Manhattan-bound only; transfers to other routes are not ADA-accessible)
Opposite-
direction
transfer
Yes
Former/other names23rd Street–Ely Avenue
Services
Preceding station New York City Subway New York City Subway Following station
<F> two rush hour trains, peak direction
<F> two rush hour trains, peak direction
Track layout

Station service legend
Symbol Description
Stops all times Stops all times
Stops weekdays during the day Stops weekdays during the day

The Court Square–23rd Street station, previously called 23rd Street–Ely Avenue station,

railroad directions, Court Square–23rd Street is the Queens Boulevard Line's southernmost station in Queens.[36][79] 23rd Street–Ely Avenue opened on August 28, 1939.[28][29]

The platform walls have a scarlet lake trim line with a dark olive border and mosaic name tablets reading "23RD ST. – ELY AVE." in white sans serif letting on a dark olive background and scarlet lake border.[93] Below the trim line are small tile captions alternating between "23RD" and "ELY" in white on black, and directional signs in the same style are present below some of the name tablets.[94][95] The tile band is part of a color-coded tile system used throughout the IND.[96] The tile colors were designed to facilitate navigation for travelers going away from Lower Manhattan. As such, a different tile color is used at Queens Plaza, the next express station to the east; the red tiles used at the Court Square–23rd Street station were also used at Lexington Avenue–53rd Street and Fifth Avenue/53rd Street to the west.[97][98] Red I-beam columns run along both platforms at regular intervals with alternating ones having the standard black station name plate in white lettering.[99]

There are four ceramic mosaic/relief murals on the two platforms and connecting mezzanines, made by Frank Olt in 1992. Each one has an individual title according to nearby plaques. Collectively they are known as the Temple Quad Reliefs.[100]

Exits

This station has three entrances and exits; the full-time one is at the extreme geographical east end. A single staircase from each platform leads up to a crossover. On the Manhattan-bound side, there is a turnstile bank to a staircase and an elevator to the Manhattan-bound platform from the northeastern corner of 23rd Street and 44th Drive.

full-height turnstile from the crossover to a single staircase that went up to the same corner, but it was demolished when the current entrance to the corner was built.[79][27]

The long passageway to the IND Crosstown Line platform extends to the south, past the crossover.[47][79] Prior to the construction of the passageway, this exit contained a full-time token booth and staircases to both sides of 44th Drive.[29][38]

This station's second fare control area is at the station's extreme western end. A single staircase from each platform goes up to a raised crossover split in two by a steel fence.[29][27] The Manhattan-bound side has a turnstile bank, token booth, and one staircase going up to the northeastern corner of 21st Street and 44th Drive while the Queens-bound side has two exit-only turnstiles and one staircase going up to the southeastern corner of the same intersection.[79][103]: 7  All fare control areas have their original IND-style directional mosaics.[104]

Gallery

  • The Manhattan-bound platform as it looked when the station was known as "23rd Street – Ely Avenue"
    The Manhattan-bound platform as it looked when the station was known as "23rd Street – Ely Avenue"
  • The Manhattan-bound platform with updated Helvetica signs and a part of Temple Quad Reliefs
    The Manhattan-bound platform with updated Helvetica signs and a part of Temple Quad Reliefs

IND Crosstown Line platform

 Court Square
 "G" train
New York City Subway station (rapid transit)
Platform level
Station statistics
Address45th Avenue & Jackson Avenue
DivisionB (IND)[1]
Line   IND Crosstown Line
Services   G all times (all times)
StructureUnderground
Platforms1 island platform
Tracks2
Other information
OpenedAugust 19, 1933; 90 years ago (1933-08-19)[24]
AccessibleThis station is compliant with the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 ADA-accessible (Transfer accessible to IRT Flushing Line platforms only)
Opposite-
direction
transfer
Yes
Former/other namesLong Island City–Court Square[36]
Services
Preceding station New York City Subway New York City Subway Following station
Terminus 21st Street
Track layout

Tracks not used
in regular service
Station service legend
Symbol Description
Stops all times Stops all times

The Court Square station, previously called Long Island City−Court Square station,

21st Street.[86] The station has one island platform between two tracks;[22][84] the platform generally measures 19.5 feet (5.9 m) wide.[88]
: 2587 

Although G service terminates here, the tracks themselves continue north and merge with the

Forest Hills–71st Avenue at various times of the day. Just south of the station, the two tracks split into three, then merge again into two tracks. The third track is used to switch trains between track directions.[84][106]
: D1 

Each track wall has a green trim line with a black border and small "COURT SQ" tile captions below it in white lettering on black background.[107] The platforms have green I-beam columns,[107] which are spaced every 15 feet (4.6 m) and placed 3 feet 5 inches (1.04 m) from the platform edge.[88]: 2587  The tiles are also part of a color-coded tile system used throughout the IND.[96] Because the Crosstown Line does not merge into a line that enters Manhattan at either end, all stations on the line had green tiles.[97][98]

Exits

Three staircases from the platform go up to the full length

full height turnstiles. The main fare control area has a single staircase that goes up to the southwest corner of Jackson Avenue and Court Square West, and a staircase to the north side of Jackson Avenue at Thompson Avenue in front of One Court Square.[40][79] There was previously a street stair to the southeast corner of Court Square West and Jackson Avenue and another to the southwest corner of Pearson Street and Jackson Avenue; the latter is currently used as employee space.[40]

After the

mezzanine at 45th Road. This was done to allow an out-of-system transfer to the IRT Flushing Line.[47] From this fare control area, a single staircase goes up to the north side of Jackson Avenue at Pearson Street directly outside the staircases to the IRT station.[40][79] A second staircase to the southwest corner of the intersection no longer exists.[40] In June 2011, this transfer was replaced by an enclosed in-system transfer that consists of two escalators, one elevator, and one staircase connecting both stations.[55][79]

Gallery

  • An R46 G train at the station
    An R46 G train at the station
  • G trains go south to Church Avenue, the opposite terminal
    G trains go south to
    Church Avenue
    , the opposite terminal

Nearby points of interest

The

Queens County Criminal Court is directly on Court Square, just east of Jackson Avenue.[79]

The site of the

<7>​ trains.[109]

The station sits in the center of the

condominiums and rental buildings being built in the area, and upscale restaurants being built near the train station. In addition, there is a bourgeoning art community due to the presence of MoMA PS1 and 5 Pointz. There is also a 15,000-square-foot (1,400 m2) supermarket proposed for the area.[110]

References

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  2. ^ "Annual Subway Ridership (2017–2022)". Metropolitan Transportation Authority. 2022. Retrieved November 8, 2023.
  3. ^ a b "Annual Subway Ridership (2017–2022)". Metropolitan Transportation Authority. 2022. Retrieved November 8, 2023.
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  5. from the original on April 25, 2022. Retrieved August 26, 2009.
  6. from the original on May 4, 2022. Retrieved April 8, 2020.
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  8. from the original on May 4, 2022. Retrieved April 14, 2018.
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  10. ^ a b c Rogoff, David (April 1960), "The Steinway Tunnels", Electric Railroads (29), Electric Railroaders’ Association, archived from the original on August 5, 2012, retrieved May 30, 2011, A station was erected midway at 11th St. and is now known as '45th Rd.-Court House Square'. Operation was extended to Hunters Point Ave. on the eastbound track on Feb. 15th, 1916, and to Queensboro Plaza on the following Nov. 5th, opening Court House Square station.
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  12. from the original on January 7, 2022. Retrieved May 14, 2022.
  13. .
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  16. ISSN 0362-4331
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  30. ^
    Newspapers.com
    .
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  38. ^
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