Coxiella (bacterium)

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This article is about the bacterium. For the snail, see Coxiella (gastropod).

Coxiella
Coxiella burnetii
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Bacteria
Phylum: Pseudomonadota
Class: Gammaproteobacteria
Order: Legionellales
Family: Coxiellaceae
Genus: Coxiella
(Philip 1943) Philip 1948[1]
Type species
Coxiella burnetii[1]
Species

C. burnetii

Coxiella refers to a

Gram-negative bacteria in the family Coxiellaceae. It is named after Herald Rea Cox (1907–1986), an American bacteriologist. It is one of the Gammaproteobacteria.[2]

Coxiella burnetii is the best known member of this genus. It is an intracellular parasite and it survives within the phagolysosomes of its host. It causes Q fever.

The majority of Coxiella’s described members are non pathogenic forms which are often found in ticks.[3] Approximately two-thirds of tick species harbour Coxiella-like endosymbionts required for tick survival and reproduction. Genomes of Coxiella-like endosymbionts encode pathways for the biosynthesis of major B vitamins and co-factors that fit closely with the expected nutritional complements required for strict haematophagy.[4] The experimental elimination of Coxiella-like endosymbionts typically results in decreased tick survival, molting, fecundity and egg viability, as well as in physical abnormalities.[4] Coxiella-like endosymbionts are often misidentified as Coxiella burnetii; however, Coxiella-like endosymbionts lack virulence genes and cannot infect humans.[5]

Molecular Signatures

[6] Seven

NADH-quinone oxidoreductase
subunit G. These CSIs serves to reliably demarcate the genus from other Legionellales species in molecular terms.

Additionally, three CSIs were identified as uniquely shared between the genus Coxiella, and two other genera belonging to the family Coxiellaceae, Diplorickettsia and Rickettsiella. The absence of Aquicella species (the remaining genus within the family Coxiellaceae) from the shared CSIs suggests that the genera Coxiella, Diplorickettsia and Rickettsiella share a common ancestor exclusive of Aquicella.

References

  1. ^
    LPSN
    .
  2. ^ Coxiella at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
  3. S2CID 53502174
    .
  4. ^
    S2CID 221181791
    .
  5. S2CID 233471930
    .
  6. S2CID 233326323
    .

External links

  • Coxiella genomes and related information at PATRIC, a Bioinformatics Resource Center funded by NIAID


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