Cricket World Cup
Administrator | International Cricket Council (ICC) |
---|---|
Format | One Day International |
First edition | 1975 England |
Latest edition | 2023 India |
Next edition | 2027 South Africa Zimbabwe Namibia |
Number of teams | 14 |
Current champion | Australia (6th title) |
Most successful | Australia (6 titles) |
Most runs | Sachin Tendulkar (2,278)[1] |
Most wickets | Glenn McGrath (71)[2] |
Website | cricketworldcup |
Longest continuous champion | Australia (3 times) (1999, 2003, 2007) |
2027 Cricket World Cup |
Tournaments |
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The Cricket World Cup (officially known as ICC Men's Cricket World Cup)
The
The current format involves a
A total of twenty teams have competed in the 13 editions of the tournament, with ten teams competing in the recent 2023 tournament. Australia has won the tournament six times, India and West Indies twice each, while Pakistan, Sri Lanka and England have won it once each. The best performance by a non-full-member team came when Kenya made the semi-finals of the 2003 tournament.
Australia are the current champions after winning the 2023 World Cup in India. The subsequent 2027 World Cup will be held jointly in South Africa, Zimbabwe and Namibia.
History
Year | Champions |
---|---|
1975 | West Indies |
1979 | West Indies (2) |
1983 | India |
1987 | Australia |
1992 | Pakistan |
1996 | Sri Lanka |
1999 | Australia (2) |
2003 | Australia (3) |
2007 | Australia (4) |
2011 | India (2) |
2015 | Australia (5) |
2019 | England |
2023 | Australia (6) |
2027 | TBD |
The
The first multilateral competition at international level was the 1912 Triangular Tournament, a Test cricket tournament played in England between all three Test-playing nations at the time: England, Australia and South Africa. The event was not a success: the summer was exceptionally wet, making play difficult on damp uncovered pitches, and crowd attendances were poor, attributed to a "surfeit of cricket".[10] Since then, international Test cricket has generally been organised as bilateral series: a multilateral Test tournament was not organised again until the triangular Asian Test Championship in 1999.[11]
The number of nations playing Test cricket increased gradually over time, with the addition of West Indies in 1928,[12] New Zealand in 1930,[13] India in 1932,[14] and Pakistan in 1952.[15] However, international cricket continued to be played as bilateral Test matches over three, four or five days.
In the early 1960s, English
Prudential World Cups (1975–1983)
The inaugural Cricket World Cup was hosted in 1975 by England, the only nation able to put forward the resources to stage an event of such magnitude at the time. The first three tournaments were held in England and officially known as the Prudential Cup after the sponsors Prudential plc. The matches consisted of 60 six-ball overs per team, played during daytime in the traditional form, with the players wearing cricket whites and using red cricket balls.[19]
Eight teams participated in the first tournament: Australia, England,
The
The 1983 event was hosted by England for a third consecutive time. By this stage, Sri Lanka had become a Test-playing nation, and Zimbabwe qualified through the ICC Trophy. A fielding circle was introduced, 30 yards (27 m) away from the stumps. Four fieldsmen needed to be inside it at all times.[24] The teams faced each other twice, before moving into the knock-outs. India was crowned champions after upsetting the West Indies by 43 runs in the final.[18][25]
Different champions (1987–1996)
India and Pakistan jointly hosted the 1987 tournament, the first time that the competition was held outside England. The games were reduced from 60 to 50 overs per innings, the current standard, because of the shorter daylight hours in the Indian subcontinent compared with England's summer.[26] Australia won the championship by defeating England by 7 runs in the final, the closest margin in the World Cup final until the 2019 edition between England and New Zealand.[27][28]
The
The 1996 championship was held in the Indian subcontinent for a second time, with the inclusion of Sri Lanka as host for some of its group stage matches.[31] In the semi-final, Sri Lanka, heading towards a crushing victory over India at Eden Gardens after the hosts lost eight wickets while scoring 120 runs in pursuit of 252, were awarded victory by default after crowd unrest broke out in protest against the Indian performance.[32] Sri Lanka went on to win their maiden championship by defeating Australia by seven wickets in the final at Lahore.[33]
Australian treble (1999–2007)
In 1999, the event was hosted by England, with some matches also being held in Scotland, Ireland, Wales and the Netherlands.[34][35] Twelve teams contested the World Cup. Australia qualified for the semi-finals after reaching their target in their Super 6 match against South Africa off the final over of the match.[36] They then proceeded to the final with a tied match in the semi-final also against South Africa where a mix-up between South African batsmen Lance Klusener and Allan Donald saw Donald drop his bat and stranded mid-pitch to be run out. In the final, Australia dismissed Pakistan for 132 and then reached the target in less than 20 overs and with eight wickets in hand.[37]
South Africa, Zimbabwe and Kenya hosted the 2003 World Cup. The number of teams participating in the event increased from twelve to fourteen. Kenya's victories over Sri Lanka and Zimbabwe, among others – and a forfeit by the New Zealand team, which refused to play in Kenya because of security concerns – enabled Kenya to reach the semi-finals, the best result by an associate.[38] In the final, Australia made 359 runs for the loss of two wickets, the largest ever total in a final, defeating India by 125 runs.[39][40]
In 2007, the tournament was hosted by the West Indies and expanded to sixteen teams.[41] Following Pakistan's upset loss to World Cup debutants Ireland in the group stage, Pakistani coach Bob Woolmer was found dead in his hotel room.[42] Jamaican police had initially launched a murder investigation into Woolmer's death but later confirmed that he died of heart failure.[43] Australia defeated Sri Lanka in the final by 53 runs (D/L) in farcical light conditions, and extended their undefeated run in the World Cup to 29 matches and winning three straight championships.[44]
Hosts triumph (2011–2019)
India, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh together hosted the 2011 World Cup. Pakistan was stripped of its hosting rights following the terrorist attack on the Sri Lankan cricket team in 2009, with the games originally scheduled for Pakistan redistributed to the other host countries.[45] The number of teams participating in the World Cup was reduced to fourteen.[46] Australia lost their final group stage match against Pakistan on 19 March 2011, ending an unbeaten streak of 35 World Cup matches, which had begun on 23 May 1999.[47] India won their second World Cup title by beating Sri Lanka by 6 wickets in the final at Wankhede Stadium in Mumbai, where the Indian captain M.S. Dhoni along with the spinning all-rounder Yuvraj Singh chased 275 with notable performances from Gautam Gambhir and Virat Kohli, making India the first country to win the World Cup at home.[46] This was also the first time that two Asian countries faced each other in a World Cup Final.[48]
Australia and New Zealand jointly hosted the 2015 World Cup. The number of participants remained at fourteen. Ireland was the most successful Associate nation with a total of three wins in the tournament. New Zealand beat South Africa in a thrilling first semi-final to qualify for their maiden World Cup final. Australia defeated New Zealand by seven wickets in the final at Melbourne to lift the World Cup for the fifth time.[49]
The
Australian resurgence (2023)
The 2023 Cricket World Cup was hosted by India. Ten teams participated, including The Netherlands, which returned to the tournament after a 12-year absence. The tournament was structured as a single group round-robin, with the top four advancing to the semi-final knockout stage. India were unbeaten in the group stage and defeated New Zealand to advance to the final; Australia lost twice during the group stage before defeating South Africa in the semi-finals. Afghanistan had their most successful World Cup, with four wins during the group stage, including over defending champions England; they also came close to defeating Australia before Glenn Maxwell's double century turned the match around. In the final, Australia defeated the 10-match unbeaten India to clinch their 6th World Cup.
Format
Qualification
From the first World Cup in 1975 up to the 2019 World Cup, the majority of teams taking part qualified automatically. Until the 2015 World Cup this was mostly through having
Since the second World Cup in 1979 up to the 2019 World Cup, the teams that qualified automatically were joined by a small number of others who qualified for the World Cup through the qualification process. The first qualifying tournament being the
From the 2023 World Cup onwards, only the host nation(s) will qualify automatically. All countries will participate in a series of leagues to determine qualification, with automatic promotion and relegation between divisions from one World Cup cycle to the next.[57]
Tournament
The format of the Cricket World Cup has changed greatly over the course of its history. Each of the first four tournaments was played by eight teams, divided into two groups of four.[58] The competition consisted of two stages, a group stage and a knock-out stage. The four teams in each group played each other in the round-robin group stage, with the top two teams in each group progressing to the semi-finals. The winners of the semi-finals played against each other in the final. With South Africa returning in the fifth tournament in 1992 as a result of the end of the apartheid boycott, nine teams played each other once in the group phase, and the top four teams progressed to the semi-finals.[59] The tournament was further expanded in 1996, with two groups of six teams.[60] The top four teams from each group progressed to quarter-finals and semi-finals.[61]
A distinct format was used for the 1999 and 2003 World Cups. The teams were split into two pools, with the top three teams in each pool advancing to the Super 6.[62] The Super 6 teams played the three other teams that advanced from the other group. As they advanced, the teams carried their points forward from previous matches against other teams advancing alongside them, giving them an incentive to perform well in the group stages.[62] The top four teams from the Super 6 stage progressed to the semi-finals, with the winners playing in the final.[63][64]
The format used in the 2007 World Cup involved 16 teams allocated into four groups of four.[65] Within each group, the teams played each other in a round-robin format. Teams earned points for wins and half-points for ties. The top two teams from each group moved forward to the Super 8 round. The Super 8 teams played the other six teams that progressed from the different groups. Teams earned points in the same way as the group stage, but carried their points forward from previous matches against the other teams who qualified from the same group to the Super 8 stage.[66] The top four teams from the Super 8 round advanced to the semi-finals, and the winners of the semi-finals played in the final.[67]
The format used in the 2011 and 2015[68] World Cups featured two groups of seven teams, each playing in a round-robin format. The top four teams from each group proceeded to the knock out stage consisting of quarter-finals, semi-finals and ultimately the final.[69]
In the 2019 and 2023 editions of the tournament, the number of teams participating dropped to 10. Each team is scheduled to play against each other once in a round robin format, before entering the semifinals,[70] a similar format to the 1992 World Cup. The 2027 and 2031 World Cups will have 14 teams, with the format same as the 2003 edition.[71][72]
Summary of tournament formats | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
# | Year | Host(s) | Teams | Matches | Preliminary stage | Final stage |
1 | 1975 | England | 8 | 15 | 2 groups of 4 teams: 12 matches | Knock-out of 4 teams (group winners and runners-up): 3 matches |
2 | 1979 | |||||
3 | 1983 | England Wales |
27 | 2 groups of 4 teams: 24 matches | ||
4 | 1987 | India Pakistan | ||||
5 | 1992 | Australia New Zealand |
9 | 39 | 1 group of 9 teams: 36 matches | Knock-out of 4 teams (top 4 in group): 3 matches |
6 | 1996 | India Pakistan Sri Lanka |
12 | 37 | 2 groups of 6 teams: 30 matches | Knock-out of 8 teams (top 4 in each group): 7 matches |
7 | 1999 | England Scotland Wales Ireland Netherlands |
42 | 2 groups of 6 teams: 30 matches | Super Sixes (top 3 in each group): 9 matches Knock-out of 4 teams (top 4 in Super Sixes): 3 matches | |
8 | 2003 | South Africa Zimbabwe Kenya |
14 | 54 | 2 groups of 7 teams: 42 matches | |
9 | 2007 | West Indies | 16 | 51 | 4 groups of 4 teams: 24 matches | Super Eights (top 2 in each group): 24 matches Knock-out of 4 teams (top 4 in Super Eights): 3 matches |
10 | 2011 | India Sri Lanka Bangladesh |
14 | 49 | 2 groups of 7 teams: 42 matches | Knock-out of 8 teams (top 4 in each group): 7 matches |
11 | 2015 | Australia New Zealand | ||||
12 | 2019 | England Wales |
10 | 48 | 1 group of 10 teams: 45 matches | Knock-out of 4 teams (top 4 in group): 3 matches |
13 | 2023 | India | ||||
14 | 2027 | South Africa Zimbabwe Namibia |
14 | 54 | 2 groups of 7 teams: 42 matches | Super Sixes (top 3 in each group): 9 matches Knock-out of 4 teams (top 4 in Super Sixes): 3 matches |
15 | 2031 | India Bangladesh |
Trophy
The
The current trophy is made from silver and gilt, and features a golden globe held up by three silver columns. The columns, shaped as stumps and bails, represent the three fundamental aspects of cricket: batting, bowling and fielding, while the globe characterises a cricket ball.[76] The seam is tilted to symbolize the axial tilt of the Earth. It stands 60 centimetres (24 in) high and weighs approximately 11 kilograms (24 lb). The names of the previous winners are engraved on the base of the trophy, with space for a total of twenty inscriptions. The ICC keeps the original trophy. A replica differing only in the inscriptions is permanently awarded to the winning team.[77]
Media coverage
The tournament is one of the world's most-viewed sporting events,
Attendance
Year | Hosts | Total Attendance | References |
---|---|---|---|
2003 | South Africa, Zimbabwe, Kenya | 626,845 | [86] |
2007 | West Indies | 672,000 | [87][88] |
2011 | India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh | 1,229,826 | [87][89] |
2015 | Australia, New Zealand | 1,106,420 | [87][90] |
2019 | England & Wales | 752,000 | [91] |
2023 | India | 1,250,307 | [92] |
Selection of hosts
The International Cricket Council's executive committee votes for the hosts of the tournament after examining the bids made by the nations keen to hold a Cricket World Cup.[93]
England hosted the first three competitions. The ICC decided that England should host the first tournament because it was ready to devote the resources required to organising the inaugural event.[94] India volunteered to host the third Cricket World Cup, but most ICC members preferred England as the longer period of daylight in England in June meant that a match could be completed in one day.[95] The 1987 Cricket World Cup was held in India and Pakistan, the first hosted outside England.[96]
Many of the tournaments have been jointly hosted by nations from the same geographical region, such as South Asia in 1987, 1996 and 2011, Australasia (in Australia and New Zealand) in 1992 and 2015, Southern Africa in 2003 and West Indies in 2007.
In November 2021, ICC published the name of the hosts for ICC events to be played between 2024 and 2031 cycle. The hosts for the 50-over World Cup along with T20 World Cup and Champions Trophy were selected through a competitive bidding process.[97][98]
Results
- Notes
- ^ England was the sole designated host, but matches were also played in Republic of Ireland, the Netherlands, Scotland and Wales.
- ^ South Africa was the sole designated main host, but matches were also played in Zimbabwe and Kenya.
- ^ Eight member countries of the West Indies Cricket Federation hosted matches – Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, and Trinidad and Tobago.
Tournament summary
Twenty nations have qualified for the Cricket World Cup at least once. Six teams have competed in every tournament, five of which have won the title.
Sri Lanka, as a co-host of the 1996 World Cup, was the first host to win the tournament, though the final was held in Pakistan.[18] India won in 2011 as host and was the first team to win a final played in their own country.[99] Australia and England repeated the feat in 2015 and 2019 respectively.[49] Other than this, England made it to the final as a host in 1979. Other countries which have achieved or equalled their best World Cup results while co-hosting the tournament are New Zealand as finalists in 2015, Zimbabwe who reached the Super Six in 2003, and Kenya as semi-finalists in 2003.[18] In 1987, co-hosts India and Pakistan both reached the semi-finals, but were eliminated by England and Australia respectively.[18] Australia in 1992, England in 1999, South Africa in 2003, and Bangladesh in 2011 have been host teams that were eliminated in the first round.[100]
Teams' performances
An overview of the teams' performances in every World Cup is given below. For each tournament, the number of teams in each finals tournament (in brackets) are shown.
Edition (No of teams) Host(s) Team |
1975 (8) |
1979 (8) |
1983 (8) |
1987 (8) |
1992 (9) |
1996 (12) |
1999 (12) |
2003 (14) |
2007 (16) |
2011 (14) |
2015 (14) |
2019 (10) |
2023 (10) |
2027 (14) |
Apps. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Afghanistan | GP | 10th | 6th | 3 | |||||||||||
Australia | RU | GP | GP | W | 5th | RU | W | W | W | QF | W | SF | W | 13 | |
Bangladesh | GP | GP | 7th | GP | QF | 8th | 8th | 7 | |||||||
Bermuda | GP | 1 | |||||||||||||
Canada | GP | GP | GP | GP | 4 | ||||||||||
England | SF | RU | SF | RU | RU | QF | GP | GP | 5th | QF | GP | W | 7th | 13 | |
India | GP | GP | W | SF | 7th | SF | 6th | RU | GP | W | SF | SF | RU | 13 | |
Ireland | 8th | GP | GP | 3 | |||||||||||
Kenya | GP | GP | SF | GP | GP | 5 | |||||||||
Namibia | GP | 1 | |||||||||||||
Netherlands | GP | GP | GP | GP | 10th | 5 | |||||||||
New Zealand | SF | SF | GP | GP | SF | QF | SF | 5th | SF | SF | RU | RU | SF | 13 | |
Pakistan | GP | SF | SF | SF | W | QF | RU | GP | GP | SF | QF | 5th | 5th | 13 | |
Scotland | GP | GP | GP | 3 | |||||||||||
South Africa[a] | SF | QF | SF | GP | SF | QF | SF | 7th | SF | Q | 9 | ||||
Sri Lanka | GP | GP | GP | GP | 8th | W | GP | SF | RU | RU | QF | 6th | 9th | 13 | |
United Arab Emirates | GP | GP | 2 | ||||||||||||
West Indies | W | W | RU | GP | 6th | SF | GP | GP | 6th | QF | QF | 9th | 12 | ||
Zimbabwe | GP | GP | 9th | GP | 5th | 6th | GP | GP | GP | Q | 9 | ||||
Defunct teams | |||||||||||||||
East Africa[b] | GP | 1 |
Legend
- W – Winner
- RU– Runner up
- SF– Semi-finals
- S6– Super Six (1999–2003)
- QF– Quarter-finals (1996, 2011–2015)
- S8– Super Eight (2007)
- GP – Group stage / First round
- Q – Qualified, Still in Competition
- — Hosts
Debutant teams
Year | Teams | Total |
---|---|---|
1975 | Australia, East Africa,[b] England, India, New Zealand, Pakistan, West Indies, Sri Lanka | 8 |
1979 | Canada | 1 |
1983 | Zimbabwe | 1 |
1987 | none | 0 |
1992 | South Africa[a] | 1 |
1996 | Kenya, Netherlands, United Arab Emirates | 3 |
1999 | Bangladesh, Scotland | 2 |
2003 | Namibia | 1 |
2007 | Bermuda, Ireland | 2 |
2011 | none | 0 |
2015 | Afghanistan | 1 |
2019 | none | 0 |
2023 | none | 0 |
2027 |
Overview
The table below provides an overview of the performances of teams over past World Cups, as of the end of the 2023 tournament. Teams are ordered by best result then by appearances, then by winning percentage, then by total number of wins, total number of number of games, and then alphabetically:
Statistics | Best performance | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Team | Apps | Mat. | Won | Lost | Tie | NR | Win%* | |||
Australia | 13 | 105 | 78 | 25 | 1 | 1 | 75.48 | Champions: 6 (1987, 1999, 2003, 2007, 2015, 2023) | ||
India | 13 | 95 | 63 | 30 | 1 | 1 | 67.55 | Champions: 2 (1983, 2011) | ||
West Indies | 12 | 80 | 43 | 35 | 0 | 2 | 55.12 | Champions: 2 (1975, 1979) | ||
England | 13 | 93 | 52 | 39 | 1 | 1 | 57.14 | Champions: 1 (2019) | ||
Pakistan | 13 | 88 | 49 | 37 | 0 | 2 | 56.97 | Champions: 1 (1992) | ||
Sri Lanka | 13 | 89 | 40 | 46 | 1 | 2 | 46.55 | Champions: 1 (1996) | ||
New Zealand | 13 | 99 | 59 | 38 | 1 | 1 | 60.71 | Runners-up (2015, 2019) | ||
South Africa | 9 | 74 | 45 | 26 | 2 | 1 | 63.01 | Semi-finals (1992, 1999, 2007, 2015, 2023) | ||
Kenya | 5 | 29 | 6 | 22 | 0 | 0 | 21.42 | Semi-finals (2003) | ||
Zimbabwe | 9 | 57 | 11 | 42 | 1 | 3 | 21.29 | Super 6s (1999, 2003) | ||
Bangladesh | 7 | 49 | 16 | 32 | 0 | 1 | 33.33 | Quarter-finals (2015) | ||
Ireland | 3 | 21 | 7 | 13 | 1 | 0 | 35.71 | Super 8s (2007) | ||
Netherlands | 5 | 29 | 4 | 25 | 0 | 0 | 13.79 | Group Stage (1996, 2003, 2007, 2011, 2023) | ||
Canada | 4 | 18 | 2 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 11.11 | Group Stage (1979, 2003, 2007, 2011) | ||
Afghanistan | 3 | 24 | 5 | 19 | 0 | 0 | 20.83 | Group Stage (2015, 2019, 2023) | ||
Scotland | 3 | 14 | 0 | 14 | 0 | 0 | 0.00 | Group Stage (1999, 2007, 2015) | ||
United Arab Emirates | 2 | 11 | 1 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 9.09 | Group Stage (1996, 2015) | ||
Namibia | 1 | 6 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0.00 | Group Stage (2003) | ||
Bermuda | 1 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0.00 | Group Stage (2007) | ||
Defunct teams | ||||||||||
East Africa[b] | 1 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0.00 | Group Stage (1975) | ||
|
Note:
- The Win percentage excludes no results and counts ties as half a win.
- Teams are sorted by their best performance, then winning percentage, then (if equal) by alphabetical order.
Other results
Results of host teams
|
Results of defending champions
|
Tournament records
World Cup records[101] | ||
---|---|---|
Batting | ||
Most runs | Sachin Tendulkar | 2,278 (1992–2011) |
Highest average (min. 10 inns.) [102] | Lance Klusener | 124.00 (1999–2003) |
Highest batting strike rate (min. 500 balls faced) | Glenn Maxwell | 160.32 (2015–2023) |
Highest score | Martin Guptill v West Indies | 237* (2015) |
Highest partnership | Chris Gayle & Marlon Samuels (2nd wicket) v Zimbabwe |
372 (2015) |
Most runs in a single world cup | Virat Kohli | 765 (2023) |
Most hundreds | Rohit Sharma | 7 (2015–2023) |
Most hundreds in a single world cup | Rohit Sharma | 5 (2019) |
Bowling | ||
Most wickets | Glenn McGrath | 71 (1996–2007) |
Lowest average (min. 400 balls bowled) | Mohammed Shami | 13.52 (2015–2023) |
Best strike rate (min. 20 wickets) | Mohammed Shami | 15.81 (2015–2023) |
Best economy rate (min. 1000 balls bowled) | Andy Roberts | 3.24 (1975–1983) |
Best bowling figures | Glenn McGrath v Namibia | 7/15 (2003) |
Most wickets in a tournament | Mitchell Starc | 27 (2019) |
Fielding | ||
Most dismissals (wicket-keeper) | Kumar Sangakkara | 54 (2003–2015) |
Most catches (fielder) | Ricky Ponting | 28 (1996–2011) |
Team | ||
Highest score | South Africa v Sri Lanka | 428/5 (2023) |
Lowest score | Canada v Sri Lanka | 36 (2003) |
Highest win % | Australia | 75.48% (Played 105, Won 78)[103] |
Most consecutive wins | Australia | 27 (20 Jun 1999 – 19 Mar 2011, one N/R excluded)[104] |
Most consecutive tournament wins | Australia | 3 (1999–2007) |
By tournament
See also
- ICC Under-19 Cricket World Cup
- ICC T20 World Cup
- ICC Champions Trophy
- ICC World Test Championship
- 2023 Cricket World Cup
- Women's Cricket World Cup
- Asia Cup
- World Cup
- List of world cups
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Sources
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External links
- Official website of the ICC Cricket World Cup
- Official website of ICC
- Official website of CricnScore