Crime contagion model
Crime contagion models relate to the idea, of whether crime is contagious.[1] Contagion models predict a positive relationship between neighborhood violent crime rates and the propensity of moving to opportunity (MTO) participants to engage in violent crime.[2] The notion of crime spreading across surrounding environments feeds on the idea of clinical hysteria. Hysteria and the fear of crime are the main components of the contagion model.
A great measure used to determine if fear of crime exists can be determined by the evaluation of near repeats. Near repeats occur when a specific surrounding environment is targeted again for crime, areas of examples include neighborhoods, businesses, and schools.
Empirical support
Neighborhood racial composition have a strong relationship with violent crime arrest which are robust to conditioning on changes in neighborhood poverty, violent-crime rates, or property-crime rates.[4] Previous studies have also showed evidence that crime is in some way contagious. Research has displayed that being the victim of a crime one time significantly increases the likelihood of being victimized again in the future.[5]
Variation in neighborhood yields no evidence that contagion is as important as much of the previous research would suggest in explaining across-neighborhood variation in crime rates. Variation in neighborhood has similar contagion probability than across neighborhood.
Criticisms
Criticism that researchers might expect is, events that occurred close together might have similar
References
- ^ Bailey, R. (November, 2008 25) Is crime contagious? experiments vindicate the broken windows theory of how disorder spreads
- ^ Is Crime Contagious?
- ^ Bowers, K. J. and S.D. Johnson 2004."Who Commits Near Repeats? A Test of the Boost Explanation" Western Criminology Review 5 (3)"Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2013-05-22. Retrieved 2012-12-05.
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: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ Bowers, K. J. and S.D. Johnson 2004."Who Commits Near Repeats? A Test of the Boost Explanation" Western Criminology Review 5 (3)"Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2013-05-22. Retrieved 2012-12-05.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ Is Crime Contagious?
- ^ Hotspots Analysis Reporting Program
- Youstin, T, Assessing the Generalizability of the Near Repeat Phenomenon. Florida Atlantic University, Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice, 777 Glades Road, Boca Raton.