Crithidia
| Crithidia | |
|---|---|
| |
| Crithidia luciliae (immunofluorescence pattern). | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Phylum: | Euglenozoa |
| Class: | Kinetoplastea |
| Order: | Trypanosomatida |
| Family: | Trypanosomatidae |
| Genus: | Crithidia Léger, 1902[1] |
| Species | |
Crithidia is a genus of
The etymology of the genus name Crithidia derives from the Ancient Greek word κριθίδιον (krithídion), meaning "small grain of barley".[4][5]
Species
- Crithidia bombi is a well documented species, notable for being a parasite of various bumblebee species, including common species like Bombus terrestris, Bombus muscorum, and Bombus hortorum.[6][7]
- Crithidia mellificae is a parasite of the bee.
- glyceraldehyde-3-phosphatedehydrogenase sequences.[8]
- Other species include C. fasciculata, C. guilhermei and C. luciliae.
- C. luciliae is the substrate for the antinuclear antibody test used to diagnose lupus and other autoimmune disorders
Impact on bumble bees
These parasites may be at least partially responsible for declining wild bumble bee populations. They cause the bumble bees to lose their ability to distinguish between flowers that contain nectar and those that don't. They make many mistakes by visiting nectar scarce flowers and in so doing, slowly starve to death. Commercially bred bumble bees are used in greenhouses to pollinate plants, for example tomatoes, and these bumble bees typically harbor the parasite, while wild bumble bees do not. It is believed that the commercial bumble bees transmitted the parasite to wild populations in some cases. They escape from the greenhouses through vents; a simple mesh could help prevent this.[9]
Bibliography
- ^ Léger, Louis. 1902. Sur un flagellé parasite de l'Anopheles maculipennis. Compt. Rend. Soc. Biol., 54: 354-356, [1].
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "Crithidia - Overview - Encyclopedia of Life". eol.org. Retrieved 18 August 2016.
- PMID 11164335.
- OCLC 461974285.
- ^ Bailly, Anatole. "Greek-french dictionary online". www.tabularium.be. Retrieved April 14, 2020.
- PMID 24743507.
- PMID 11580023.
- PMID 25113831.
- .
Further reading
E Riddell, Carolyn; D Lobaton Garces, Juan; Adams, Sally (27 November 2014). "Differential gene expression and alternative splicing in insect immune specificity". BMC Genomics. 15 (1): 1031. 
Otterstatter, Michael C.; Thomson, James D. (23 July 2008). "Does Pathogen Spillover from Commercially Reared Bumble Bees Threaten Wild Pollinators?". PLOS ONE. 3 (7): e2771.
Daniel, Cariveau; Elijah, Powell; Hauke, Koch (April 2014). "Variation in gut microbial communities and its association with pathogen infection in wild bumble bees (Bombus)". The ISME Journal. 8 (12): 2369–2379.
External links
"Crithidia" at the Encyclopedia of Life
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