Crossing of the Andes
This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. (January 2011) |
Crossing of the Andes | |||||||
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Part of the Spanish American wars of independence | |||||||
Battle of Chacabuco, fought after the Crossing of the Andes | |||||||
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Belligerents | |||||||
Army of the Andes |
Spanish Royalists | ||||||
Commanders and leaders | |||||||
José de San Martín Miguel Estanislao Soler Bernardo O'Higgins |
Francisco Marcó del Pont Mariano Osorio |
The Crossing of the Andes (Spanish: Cruce de los Andes) was one of the most important feats in the Argentine and Chilean wars of independence, in which a combined army of Argentine soldiers and Chilean exiles invaded Chile crossing the Andes range separating Argentina from Chile, leading to Chile's liberation from Spanish rule.
Led by
Background
The crossing of the Andes was a major step in the strategy devised by
The
Troops and equipment
The city of Mendoza, during this time frame, became a factoring headquarters during the pre-crossing. The citizens of Mendoza assisted their troops by manufacturing gunpowder and ammunition. They also learned to make cannons.[citation needed]
The main food of the army was a regional meal called valdiviano. It was prepared with dry meat or
Crossing
On the morning of January 19, 1817, San Martin and his army set out from their base camp El Plumerillo and began their journey across the Andes Mountain range. San Martin crossed with 4,000 men, only to end up losing 1/3 of them. The number of auxiliaries reached 1,200.
For the crossing, San Martin split his army into two divisions: The main division, which traveled through
Coming to an end
On February 13, 1817, San Martín, O’Higgins, and their army successfully entered
Legacy
In 2010 the Argentine and Chilean armies recreated the crossing during the commemorations of the 200 years of Revolution.[11]
See also
- Chilean Independence
- Argentina–Chile relations
- Revolución: El cruce de los Andes
Notes
- ^ "El cruce de la Cordillera de los Andes". Museo Histórico Nacional (in Spanish). Retrieved 2022-05-26.
- ^ a b "La ruta de San Martín, el hijo de españoles que cambió el destino de América - ABC.es". www.abc.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 2022-05-26.
- ^ "When the "Hannibal of the Andes" Liberated Chile | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 2022-05-26.
- ^ Mitre, Bartolomé (1887). Historia de San Martín y de la emancipación sudamericana (in Spanish). Buenos Aires: Ediciones Peuser (published 1950). p. 366.
- ^ Gral. José de San Martín, padre de la patria: 150 años (in Spanish). Círculo Militar. 2000. p. 99.
- ^ Campos, Omar (2006). El cruce los Andes. Tras las huellas de San Martín (in Spanish). Buenos Aires: Dunken.
- ^ Galasso, Norberto (2007). Seamos libres y lo demás no importa nada: vida de San Martín (in Spanish). Buenos Aires: Ed. Colihue. p. 207.
- ^ a b "Chacabuco 1817." Archived 2008-10-29 at the Wayback Machine Glasgow and District Wargaming Society.
- ^ Scheina, Robert L. Latin America's Wars.
- '^ Robertson, William Spence. "History of Latin-America Nations."
- ^ Rememorando el Cruce de los Andes
Further reading
- Harvey, Robert. "Liberators: Latin America`s Struggle For Independence, 1810–1830". John Murray, London (2000). ISBN 0-7195-5566-3
- Rector, John Lawrence (2003). The History of Chile. Greenwood Publishing Group.
- Robertson, William Spence (1922). History of Latin-American Nations. Texas: D. Appleton and Company.
- Scheina, Robert L. (2003). Latin America's Wars. Brassey's.
- Van Dyke, Harry Weston (1912). Through South America. Texas: Thomas Y. Crowell Company.