Crowell, Oxfordshire
Crowell | ||
---|---|---|
Shire county | ||
Region | ||
Country | England | |
Sovereign state | United Kingdom | |
Post town | Chinnor | |
Postcode district | OX39 | |
Dialling code | 01844 | |
Police | Thames Valley | |
Fire | Oxfordshire | |
Ambulance | South Central | |
UK Parliament | ||
Website | Crowell Parish Meeting | |
Crowell is a village and
Crowell is a strip parish about 3 miles (5 km) long on a northwest – southeast axis and less than 1⁄2-mile (800 m) wide at its widest point.[2] The northwest part of the strip is low-lying land in the Vale of Oxford about 350 feet (110 m) above sea level; the southeast part of the strip is in the Chilterns and rises to 774 feet (236 m) above sea level. The southeastern part of the parish is bounded on three sides by Buckinghamshire.
Archaeology
The Lower Icknield Way forms the low-lying northwestern boundary of the parish[2] and The Ridgeway traverses the upland southeastern part. An earthwork about 750 yards (690 m) long on a north – south axis ascends the Chiltern escarpment in Crowellhill Wood.
Manor
The
Parish church
The Church of England parish church of the Nativity of the Blesséd Virgin Mary is a small flint building.[2][3] The church existed by the middle of the 12th century and the blocked-up Norman north doorway survives from this time.[2][3] In the 13th century the chancel arch was rebuilt and the present south doorway was added. In the 14th century the chancel was rebuilt, made taller than the nave and given Decorated Gothic windows. The internal and external fabric of the building were repaired and renewed several times in the 17th and 18th centuries and notably in 1835–39 by one Richard Clark of Wallingford, whose work included renewal of the box pews and three-decker pulpit.[2]
In 1878 the church was largely rebuilt to designs by the architects H.J. Tollit and Edwin Dolby.[2] They re-used the Norman north doorway, 13th-century south doorway, 14th-century piscina, sedilia and chancel arch responds and a low-side window in the chancel.[4] There had been a wooden west tower but Tollit and Dolby replaced this with a stone bellcote.[3] They also added a vestry on the north side of the church.[3] The church is now part of the Benefice of Chinnor, Sydenham, Aston Rowant & Crowell.[5] The Old Rectory is a Georgian house of three bays designed by John Rebecca and built in 1822.[6]
Economic and social history
The parish originally farmed under an
Ellwood House is a mid-16th-century timber-framed farmhouse with a 17th-century extension and facade
In 1869–72 the Watlington and Princes Risborough Railway was built through the parish, passing 600 yards (550 m) southeast of the village. In 1883 the Great Western Railway took over the line and in 1906 the company opened Kingston Crossing Halt, 1 mile (1.6 km) south of Crowell. In 1957 British Railways withdrew passenger services from the line[2] and closed the section between Chinnor and Watlington that included Kingston.
Amenities
Crowell has a public house. It was called The Catherine Wheel until the 1990s, when it was renamed the Shepherds Crook.[9]
Demography
The
References
- Neighbourhood Statistics: Full Dataset View. Office for National Statistics. Archived from the originalon 22 June 2011. Retrieved 11 December 2011.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Lobel 1964, pp. 80–91
- ^ a b c d Sherwood & Pevsner 1974, p. 560.
- ^ Sherwood & Pevsner 1974, pp. 560–561.
- A Church Near You. Church of England. Archived from the originalon 5 November 2012. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
- ^ a b Sherwood & Pevsner 1974, p. 561.
- ^ a b Gray 1959, p. 541.
- ^ Gray 1959, p. 113.
- ^ Welcome to the Shepherd's Crook
- 2011 censusIn particular the maps annexed to both definitions and data sets are identical. Retrieved 2016-05-04.
Sources
- Gray, Howard L (1959) [1915]. The English Field Systems. Cambridge, MA; London: Harvard University Press; Merlin Press. pp. 113, 538.
- Lobel, Mary D, ed. (1964). A History of the County of Oxford. Victoria County History. Vol. 8: Lewknor and Pyrton Hundreds. London: Oxford University Press for the Institute of Historical Research. pp. 80–91.
- Sherwood, Jennifer; ISBN 0-14-071045-0.