Cucurbitaceae
| Cucurbitaceae | |
|---|---|
| |
| Hodgsonia male plant | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Cucurbitales |
| Family: | Cucurbitaceae Juss.[1] |
| Type genus | |
| Cucurbita | |
| Tribes and genera | |
|
See text. | |
The Cucurbitaceae (genera.[3] Those most important to humans are the following:[citation needed]
- Lagenaria – calabash, and others that are inedible
- Citrullus – watermelon (C. lanatus, C. colocynthis) and others
- Cucumis – cucumber (C. sativus), various melons and vines
- Momordica – bitter melon
- Luffa – the common name is also luffa, sometimes spelled loofah (when fully ripened, two species of this fibrous fruit are the source of the loofah scrubbing sponge)
- Cyclanthera – Caigua
The plants in this family are grown around the tropics and in temperate areas, where those with edible fruits were among the earliest cultivated plants in both the Old and New Worlds. The family Cucurbitaceae ranks among the highest of plant families for number and percentage of species used as human food.[4] The name Cucurbitaceae comes to international scientific vocabulary from Neo-Latin, from Cucurbita, the type genus, + -aceae,[5] a standardized suffix for plant family names in modern taxonomy. The genus name comes from the Classical Latin word cucurbita, meaning "gourd".
Description
Most of the plants in this family are
: 2Fossil history
One of the oldest
serrate margin. It has a leaf pattern similar to the members of the genera Kedrostis, Melothria and Zehneria.[7]
Classification
Tribal classification
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The most recent classification of Cucurbitaceae delineates 15 tribes:[8][9]
- Tribe Gomphogyneae Benth. & Hook.f.
- Alsomitra (Blume) Spach (1 sp.)
- Bayabusua (1 sp.)
- Gomphogyne Griff. (2 spp.)
- Gynostemma Blume (10 spp.)
- Hemsleya Cogn. ex F.B.Forbes & Hemsl. (30 spp.)
- Neoalsomitra Hutch. (12 spp.)
- Tribe Triceratieae A.Rich.
- AnisospermaSilva Manso (1 sp.)
- Cyclantheropsis Harms (3 spp.)
- Fevillea L. (8 spp.)
- Pteropepon (Cogn.) Cogn. (5 spp.)
- Sicydium Schltdl. (7 spp.)
- Tribe Zanonieae Benth. & Hook.f.
- Gerrardanthus Harvey in Hook.f. (3–5 spp.)
- Siolmatra Baill. (1 sp.)
- Xerosicyos Humbert (5 spp.)
- Zanonia L. (1 sp.)
- Tribe ActinostemmateaeH.Schaef. & S.S.Renner
- Actinostemma Griff. (3 spp.)
- Tribe IndofevilleeaeH.Schaef. & S.S.Renner
- Indofevillea Chatterjee (2 sp.)
- Tribe Thladiantheae H.Schaef. & S.S.Renner
- Baijiania A.M.Lu & J.Q.Li (30 spp.)
- Thladiantha Bunge 1833 (5 spp.)
- Tribe SiraitieaeH. Schaef. & S.S. Renner
- Siraitia Merr. (3–4 spp.)
- Tribe MomordiceaeH.Schaef. & S.S.Renner
- Momordica L. (60 spp.)
- Tribe Joliffieae Schrad.
- Ampelosicyos Thouars (5 spp.)
- Cogniauxia Baill. (2 spp.)
- Telfairia Hook. (3 spp.)
- Tribe Bryonieae Dumort.
- Austrobryonia H.Schaef. (4 spp.)
- Bryonia L. (10 spp.)
- Ecballium A.Rich. (1 sp.)
- Tribe Schizopeponeae C.Jeffrey
- Herpetospermum Wall. ex Hook.f. (3 spp.)
- Schizopepon Maxim. (6–8 spp.)
- Tribe Sicyoeae Schrad.
- Cyclanthera Schrad. (40 spp.)
- Echinocystis Torr. & A.Gray (1 sp.)
- Echinopepon Naudin (20 spp., including Brandegea Cogn.)
- Frantzia Pittier (5 spp.)
- Hanburia Seem. (7 spp.)
- Hodgsonia Hook.f. & Thomson (2 spp.)
- Linnaeosicyos H.Schaef. & Kocyan (1 sp.)
- Luffa Mill. (5–7 spp.)
- Marah Kellogg (7 spp.)
- Nothoalsomitra Hutch. (1 sp.)
- Sicyos L. (75 spp., including Sechium P.Browne)
- Trichosanthes L. (≤100 spp.)
- Tribe Coniandreae Endl.
- Apodanthera Arn. (16 spp.)
- Bambekea Cogn. (1 sp.)
- Ceratosanthes Adans. (4 spp.)
- Corallocarpus Welw. ex Benth. & Hook.f. (17 spp.)
- Cucurbitella Walp. (1 sp.)
- Dendrosicyos Balf.f. (1 sp.)
- Doyerea Grosourdy (1 sp.)
- Eureiandra Hook.f. (8 spp.)
- Gurania (Schltdl.) Cogn. (37 spp.)
- Halosicyos Mart.Crov (1 sp.)
- Helmontia Cogn. (2–4 spp.)
- Ibervillea Greene (9–10 spp.)
- Kedrostis Medik. (28 spp.)
- Melotrianthus M.Crovetto (1–3 spp.)
- Psiguria Neck. ex Arn. (6–12 spp.)
- Seyrigia Keraudren (6 spp.)
- Trochomeriopsis Cogn. (1 sp.)
- Tumamoca Rose (2 spp.)
- Wilbrandia Silva Manso (5 spp.)
- Tribe Benincaseae Ser.
- Acanthosicyos Welw. ex Hook.f. (1 sp.)
- PraecitrullusPangalo)
- Borneosicyos (1–2 spp.)
- Cephalopentandra Chiov. (1 sp.)
- Citrullus Schrad. (4 spp.)
- Coccinia Wight & Arn. (30 spp.)
- Ctenolepis Hook. f. 1867 (3 spp.)
- Cucumis L. (65 spp.)
- Dactyliandra Hook.f. (2 spp.)
- Diplocyclos (Endl.) T.Post & Kuntze (4 spp.)
- Indomelothria (2 spp.)
- Khmeriosicyos (1 sp.)
- Lagenaria Ser. (6 spp.)
- Lemurosicyos Keraudren (1 sp.)
- Melothria L. (12 spp., including M. scabra)
- Muellerargia Cogn. (2 sp.)
- Papuasicyos (8 spp.)
- Peponium Engl. (20 spp.)
- Raphidiocystis Hook.f. (5 spp.)
- Ruthalicia C.Jeffrey (2 spp.)
- Scopellaria W.J.de Wilde & Duyfjes (2 spp.)
- Solena Lour. (3 spp.)
- Trochomeria Hook.f. (8 spp.)
- Zehneria Endl. (ca. 60 spp.)
- Tribe Cucurbiteae Ser.
- Abobra Naudin (1 sp.)
- Calycophysum H.Karst. & Triana (5 spp.)
- Cayaponia Silva Manso (50–59 spp., including Selysia Cogn.)
- Cionosicys Griseb. (4–5 spp.)
- Cucurbita L. (15 spp.)
- Penelopeia Urb. (2 spp.)
- Peponopsis Naudin (1 sp.)
- Polyclathra Bertol. (6 spp.)
- Schizocarpum Schrad. (11 spp.)
- Sicana Naudin (4 spp.)
- Tecunumania Standl. & Steyerm. (1 sp.)
Systematics
Modern molecular phylogenetics suggest the following relationships:[8][10][11][12][13][14]
| Detailed Cladogram showing Cucurbitaceae phylogeny | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Pests and diseases
Sweet potato whitefly is the vector of a number of cucurbit viruses that cause yellowing symptoms throughout the southern United States.[15]
References
- hdl:10654/18083.
- ^ "Cucurbitaceae". Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary.
- .
- ^ "Cucurbits". Purdue University. Retrieved 2013-08-26.
- ^ "Cucurbitaceae". Merriam-Webster's Unabridged Dictionary. Merriam-Webster. Archived from the original on 2020-05-25. Retrieved 2016-07-25.
- ^ Schaefer, Hanno; Acevedo-Rodríguez, Pedro. "Guide to the genera of lianas and climbing plants in the neotropics" (PDF). Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 26 January 2024.
- ^ Revisions to Roland Brown's North American Paleocene Flora by Steven R. Manchester at Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA. Published in Acta Musei Nationalis Pragae, Series B – Historia Naturalis, vol. 70, 2014, no. 3-4, pp. 153–210.
- ^ JSTOR 41059827.
- PMID 17425784.
- (PDF) from the original on 2013-09-08.
- PMID 19033142.
- PMID 22759528.
- ^ Belgrano MJ (2012). Estudio sistemático y biogeográfico del género Apodanthera Arn. (Cucurbitaceae) [Systematic and biogeographic study of the genus Apodanthera Arn. (Cucurbitaceae)] (Ph.D.). Universidad Nacional de La Plata.
- ISBN 978-3-319-49330-5.
- S2CID 242003450.
Further reading
- Bates D, Robinson R, Jeffrey C, eds. (1990). Biology and Utilization of the Cucurbitaceae. Cornell University Press. ISBN 978-0-8014-1670-5.
- Jeffrey C. (2005). "A new system of Cucurbitaceae". Bot. Zhurn. 90: 332–335.
External links
- Cucurbitaceae in T.C. Andres (1995 onwards).
- Cucurbitaceae in L. Watson and M.J. Dallwitz (1992 onwards). The families of flowering plants: descriptions, illustrations, identification, information retrieval.