Cusper

Characteristics

Claire Raines Associates names these cuspers the Sandwich Group,^[5] Susan Mitchell calls these cuspers the Swing Generation,^[12][15] Smit calls them Troomers^[4] and Trompenaars and Woolliams call them Shhh-oomers.^[14] According to the Mayo Clinic, these cuspers have the work ethic of the Silent Generations, but like Baby Boomers will often challenge the status quo.^[8] Codrington describes them as having the status-seeking, career advancement motivations as Baby Boomers.^[11] Codrington adds that they are old enough to remember World War II, but were born too late to enjoy the 1960s.^[11] Hart notes that research has found the younger members of the Silent Generation tended to share more traits with Baby Boomers.^[16] Writer Marian Botsford Fraser described women in this cusper population as girls who "...did not smoke dope at high school, go to rock concerts, toy with acid and the pill and hippie boyfriends at university or tour Europe with a backpack." Instead, she notes "These girls wore crinolines and girdles, went to The Prom, went to nursing school and teachers' college, rarely university."^[17] Speaking of Susan Mitchell's population specifically they are believed to be an anomaly in that they tend be more activist and free thinkers than those born prior to them in the Silent Generation.^[3][12] Lancaster and Stillman echo this last point and note that these cuspers were on the frontlines of America's internal struggles as adults, agitating in favor of human rights. They go on to say many women among these cuspers entered in to male-dominated workplaces before the women's movement existed, blazing a trail for other generations of women to follow.^[13]

Baby Boomers/Generation X

Date ranges

• 1954–1965 as identified by Jonathan Pontell^[18]
• 1955–1960 as identified by Mary E. Donahue^[19]
• 1958–1967 as identified by Mark Wegierski of the Hudson Institute^[20]
• 1960–1965 as identified by Lancaster and Stillman,^[13] Mayo Clinic,^[8] and Andrea Stone writing in USA Today^[21]
• 1961–1968 as identified by Trompennars and Woolliams.^[14]
• 1962–1967 as identified by Smit^[4]
• 1964–1969 as identified by Codrington^[1]

Characteristics

This population is sometimes referred to as Generation Jones,^[18][3] and less commonly as Tweeners,^[21] Baby X’s by Smit^[4] and Boomerex by Trompenaars and Woolliams.^[14] These cuspers were not as financially successful as older Baby Boomers.^[8][13] They experienced a recession like many Generation Xers but had a much more difficult time finding jobs than Generation X did.^[8][13] While they learned to be IT-savvy, they did not have computers until after high school but were some of the first to purchase them for their homes.^[8][11] They were among some of the first to take an interest in video games.^[13] They get along well with Baby Boomers, but share different values. While they are comfortable in office environments, they are more relaxed at home. They are less interested in advancing their careers than Baby Boomers and more interested in quality of life.^[11]

Generation X/Millennials

Date ranges

• 1975–1980 as identified by Donahue,^[19] as well as The Mayo Clinic^[8]
• 1976–1982 as identified by Hannah L. Ubl, Lisa X. Walden, and Debra Arbit^[22]
• 1977–1981 as identified by Doree Shafrir, writing for Slate^[23]
• 1977–1983 as identified by Smit,^[4] Merriam-Webster^[24] and Trompenaars and Woolliams.^[14]
• 1977–1985 as identified by Business Insider^[25][26]

Characteristics

The Generation X/Millennial cuspers are most commonly referred to as Xennials, although other names include the Oregon Trail Generation, Generation Catalano and The Lucky Ones.

Date ranges

• 1990–2000 as identified by Avery Hartmans, writing for Business Insider USA ^[28]
• 1992–1998 as identified by Ubl, Walden, and Arbit,^[22] WGSN,^[29] Vogue,^[30] Mary Everett, writing for PopSugar^[31]
• 1992–2000 as identified by Ketchum^[32]
• 1993–1998 as identified by Smit,^[4] Maisy Farren, writing for Vice,^[33] Lindsay Dogson, writing for Business Insider Mexico,^[34] and Metlife^[35]
• 1993–1999 as identified by Fullscreen, LLC^[36] and Trompenaars and Woolliams.^[14]
• 1995–2000 as identified by Donahue^[19]
• 1992–2002 as identified by Deborah Carr^[37]

Characteristics

Names given for these cuspers include the Snapchat Generation by Ubl, Walden, and Arbit,^[22] MinionZ by Smit,^[4] Zillennials,^[38] and Zennials.^[39] They are characterized as being "raised less by optimistic Boomers and more by skeptical Xers and pragmatic Gen Jonesers, who raised them to focus more on the practical rather than the aspirational."^[22]

Workplace importance

Communication misunderstandings between employees of different generations are detrimental to workplace morale, increasing turnover and absenteeism while decreasing job satisfaction, work commitment and productivity.^[40][41] Effective communication between employees of different generations, however, allows for collaborative relationships and ensures that information is retained from one generation to the next.^[40] Cuspers play an important role in multi-generational workplaces and other organizations.^[13][11] Metaphorically, cuspers are like bridges or glue that connect members of their adjacent major generations.^[4][27] Between generations, they are naturally skilled at mediating, translating, mentoring and managing.^[13][11] Strategically placing cuspers in the workplace has the potential to reduce generational workplace friction and give organizations doing so a competitive advantage.^[7][42]

Generational identity

Many cuspers do not feel a sense of belonging to a specific generation.^[11][13] Researchers studying generational subculture theory have speculated that there may be populations within larger generational cohorts whose values are more in line with those of preceding generations, for example, someone born in the range of Generation X who has a moral philosophy more similar to the Silent Generation.^[7][43] The generational fuzziness theory proposes that one's generation is best defined as the combination of one's birth year and generational identity—the cultural generation to feel most similar to.^[44][45] They have the advantage of having one foot in two generational worlds. According to Lynne C. Lancaster and David Stillman in their book, When Generations Collide: Who They Are. Why They Clash. How To Solve The Generational Puzzle At Work, cuspers have a natural ability to identify with multiple generations' beliefs and interests. Not all cuspers identify with both sides of the generational dividing line. Many adopt the values of one side and conduct themselves accordingly.^[46]

References