Custody of the Holy Land
Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem Order of the Holy Sepulchre | |
Website | www |
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The Custody of the Holy Land (
The Custody headquarters are located in the
The Franciscans trace their presence in the Holy Land to 1217. By 1229, the friars had a small house near the
After the final
The Custody of the Holy Land has repeatedly expressed concern about the survival of the Christians in the Holy Land, including the strained situation for Christians in the rest of the Middle East.[2] Between 2004 and 2016, the Custodial Curia was led by Custos Fr. Pierbattista Pizzaballa.[3][4] Since 2016, the chief custodian has been Francesco Patton.
Mission
The mission of the Custody of the Holy Land is to
History
An online history, The Franciscan Presence in the Holy Land, has been prepared by the Custodian Emeritus (later
The Franciscan presence in the Holy Land started in 1217, when the province of
During the difficult years of the
In 1333,
A short time ago good news from the king and queen reached our Apostolic See relating that, at great cost and following difficult negotiations, they had obtained a concession from the Sultan of Babylon [that is, Cairo], who to the intense shame of Christians occupies the Holy Sepulchre of the Lord and the other Holy Places beyond the sea that were sanctified by the blood of this same Redeemer, to wit that friars of your Order may reside continuously in the church known as the Sepulchre and celebrate there Solemn Sung Masses and the Divine Office in the manner of the several friars of this Order who are already present in this place; moreover, this same Sultan has also conceded to the King and Queen the Cenacle of the Lord, the chapel where the Holy Spirit was manifested to the Apostles and the other chapel in which Christ appeared to the Apostles after his resurrection, in the presence of Blessed Thomas; and also the news of how the Queen built a convent on Mount Zion where, as is known, the Cenacle and the said chapels are located; where for some time she has had the intention of supporting twelve friars of your Order to assure the divine Liturgy in the church of the Holy Sepulchre, along with three laymen charged with serving the friars and seeing to their needs.[10]
The Custodian was described as the "Guardian of Mount Zion in Jerusalem". Between 1342 and 1489, the Custodian was the head of the
In 1489, Pope
In 1623, the Latin Province of the Holy Land was split into a number of smaller entities, called Custodies – creating Custodies of Cyprus, Syria, and the Holy Land proper. The Custody of the Holy Land included the monasteries of
.In 1847, a resident Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem was restored in the Holy Land, together with the Order of the Holy Sepulchre. The Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem became the ecclesiastical superior of the Order, and eventually assumed the title Grand Prior, supplanting the Custodian. The office of Grand Master still remained vested in the papacy.
In 1937,
Organisation
On 15 May 2004, Fr. Pierbattista Pizzaballa was appointed Custodian of the Holy Land,[15] succeeding Giovanni Battistelli, who held the office for six years.[3][4] On Friday, 28 June 2013, Pope Francis confirmed that he would continue as Custodian for at least a further three years.[16] Pierbattista Pizzaballa was born in Cologno al Serio, Italy, on 21 April 1965. He was ordained a priest in September 1990. Since 2016, the chief custodian has been Francesco Patton.
The Custodian of the Holy Land, also called the International Custodian of the Holy Land, is appointed by the General Definitorium of the Order of Friars Minor (OFM) of the Franciscans and approved by the Pope and the Holy See.[4]
The Custodian has the role of Minister Provincial (i.e. major superior) of the
During the later Middle Ages and early modern times the Custody was official provider of hospitality for Latin pilgrims to the Holy Land, i.e. Westerners be they Catholic or Protestant. Such facilities existed primarily at Jaffa and in Jerusalem
Properties in the Holy Land
The Franciscan order owns a great deal of property in the Holy Land, second only to the
In 1909, in the territory of the
The Custodian's offices are at the
Activities
Education
Schools founded by the Franciscan friars include Terra Santa College in Nicosia, Cyprus and Magnificat Institute in Jerusalem.
Media centre
The Custody has a communications department in charge of the official media in the Holy Land, which is based at the Terra Sancta College in Jerusalem and includes a multimedia centre broadcasting news programmes in different languages, and the editorial office of the Christian Media Center and of the French-language Terre Sainte Magazine.[20]
(La) Terre Sainte/Terra Santa is a magazine first published by the Franciscan Printing Press under the supervision of Custos Diotallevi in 1921 in Italian, French and Spanish and since then in several other languages, such as English as The Holy Land Review since 1975. [21] The Holy Land Review and the content of the TerraSanta.net platform are not officially published by the Custody and do not necessarily express its viewpoint.[22]
Printing press
The Custody has long strived to own and operate its own printing press, but was only able to do so in 1847.[23] The machinery was installed at Saint Savior's Monastery in Jerusalem and produced that very year a few small-scale school materials in Arabic, and its first proper book, a billingual Italian-Arabic catechism, these being the first books ever printed in Arabic in Palestine.[23] This "Franciscan print room" later became the Franciscan Printing Press (FPP),[24] which today has its headquarters on the eastern side of the Mount of Olives in Betphage.[24]
In 2005, the FPP has become part of TS Edizioni,[24] where TS stands for Terra Santa. TS Edizioni was established in 2005, is part of the Fondazione Terra Santa, and operates, in Italy, as the publishing centre of the Custody of the Holy Land.[22] It combines the tradition of two Franciscan Holy Land-related institutions, the FPP in Jerusalem, and the Centro propaganda e stampa founded in the 1910s in Milan.[22] TS acts under the patronage of the Custody and co-publishes the institutional collections.[25]
The FPP has enabled the publication in several languages of the research done by the Jerusalem-based Studium Biblicum Franciscanum.[22] Today, the FPP serves the printing needs of the Custody as well as of local publications.[22]
Regional concerns
Fr. Pizzaballa expressed concern that many Christians were leaving the region, especially the Christians of the Palestinian Territories, and that housing assistance was being offered to discourage emigration. He attributed the exodus to lack of prospects for the future and the political situation.[4]
In 2011, the Catholic News Service (CNS) website aired an interview on Vatican Radio in which Father Pizzaballa alluded to the tense situation for Christians in Syria and Egypt.[2]
List of sanctuaries
The order manages 50-55 "sanctuaries" across the region.[26][27] Most of these churches were built in the 19th and 20th centuries, and a significant number were designed by Antonio Barluzzi.
List of Custodians
13th century
- 1217 – Elia da Cortona[28]
- 1217 –
- 1219 – Saint Francis of Assisi
- 1247 – Giacomo (Narciso?)
- 1266 – Giacomo da Puy
- ? – Vincentius de Burgundia
- 1270? – Giovannino da Parma
- 1286 – Geleberto
14th century
- 1306 – Guido
- 1310 – Rogero Guarini
- 1328 – Nicolò da San Martino
- 1330 – Giovanni Fedanzola
1333 – Rogero Guarini[29] - 1337 – Giovanni di Stefano
- 1337 – Giacomo Normanno
- ? – Nicola di Giovanni
- 1363 – Bernardino da Padova
- 1372 – Antonio di Giacomo
- 1376 – Nicolò da Creta (o Candia)
- 1382 – Giovanni
- 1384 – Nicolò da Venezia
- 1388 – Gerardo Calvetti
15th century
- 1400 – Nicolò Coronario
- 1405 – Nicolò di Pietro
- 1414 – Pascutius Davini de Assisio
- 1421 – Giacomo di Antonio
- 1424 – Giovanni Belloro
- 1430 – Luigi da Bologna
- 1434 – Giacomo Delfino
- 1438 – Gandolfo da Sicilia
- 1446 – Baldassare da Santa Maria
- 1455 – Antonio da Mugnano
- 1462 – Gabriele Mezzavacca
- 1464 – Paolo d'Albenga
- 1467 – Francesco da Piacenza
- 1472 – Andrea da Parma
- 1475 – Giacomo d'Alessandria
- 1478 – Giovanni de Thomacellis
- 1481 – Paolo da Canneto
- 1484 – Bernardino da Parma
1487 – Francesco da Perugia[30] - 1487 – Bernardino Caimo
- 1489 – Bartolomeo da Piacenza
- 1493 – Francesco Suriano
- 1495 – Angelo da Foligno
1496 – Bartolomeo da Piacenza[29] - 1499 – Antonio Gozze de Regnis
16th century
- 1501 – Mauro da San Bernardino
- 1504 – Luigi da Napoli
- 1507 – Bernardino del Vecchio
1512 – Francesco Suriano[29] - 1514 – Nicolò da Tossignano
- 1517 – Zenobio da Firenze
- 1518 – Gabriele ?
- 1519 – Angelo da Ferrara
- 1528 – Giovanni
- 1532 – Mario da Messina
- 1532 – Battista da Macerata
- 1535 – Tomaso da Norcia
- 1541 – Dionisio da Sarcognano
- 1545 – Felice da Venezia
- 1544 – Giorgio Bosnese
1545 – Felice da Venezia[29] - 1547 – Bonaventura Corsetti
- 1551 – Bonifacio Stefani
- 1559 – Antonio da Bergamo
- 1560 – Aurelio da Griano
1564 – Bonifacio Stefani[29] - 1565 – Bernardino da Collestate
- 1566 – Girolamo da Fossato
- 1568 – Angelo da Portomaurizio
- 1568 – Gian Francesco d'Arsignano Vicent
- 1571 – Antonio da Sant'Angelo
- 1572 – Geremia da Brescia
- 1580 – Giovanni da Bergamo
- 1581 – Angelo Stella
- 1584 – Paolino Olivoli
- 1585 – Accursio da Quinzano
- 1588 – Gian Battista da Montegiano
- 1590 – Francesco da Spello
- 1593 – Felice Ranieri da Fratta
- 1593 – Gian Francesco da Salandra
- 1597 – Evangelista da Gabiano
17th century
- 1600 – Francesco Manerba
- 1603 – Cesario da Trino
- 1608 – Gaudenzio Saibanti
- 1612 – Angelo da Messina
- 1616 – Basilio Basili
- 1619 – Francesco Dulcedo
- 1620 – Tommaso Obicini
- 1621 – Ambrogio Pantoliano
- 1622 – Francesco Spinelli
- 1625 – Sante da Messina
- 1628 – Diego Campanile
- 1632 – Paolo da Lodi
- 1634 – Francesco da Cattaro
- 1637 – Andrea d'Arco
- 1642 – Pietro Verniero
- 1645 – Francesco Merisi
- 1648 – Antonio da Gaeta
1651 – Ambrogio Pantoliano[30] - 1652 – Mariano Morone
- 1659 – Eusebio Valles
- 1664 – Francesco M. Rhini
- 1669 – Teofilo Testa
- 1673 – Claudio Gavazzi
- 1675 – Tomaso da Caltagirone
- 1675 – Giovanni Bonsignori
- 1678 – Pier Marino Sormani
- 1683 – Pier Antonio Grassi
- 1686 – Angelico da Milano
- 1689 – Gregorio da Parghelia
- 1691 – Gian Battista D'Atina
- 1695 – Baldassare Caldera
- 1697 – Francesco da Santo Floro
18th century
- 1701 – Bonaventura da Majori
- 1704 – Benedetto da Bari
- 1705 – Costantino Ultorchi
- 1706 – Gaetano Potestà
- 1710 – Lorenzo Cozza
- 1716 – Giuseppe Maria da Perugia
- 1720 – Gian Filippo da Milano
- 1722 – Giacomo da Lucca
- 1730 – Andrea da Montoro
- 1735 – Angelico da Gazolo
- 1740 – Paolo da Laurino
1743 – Giacomo da Lucca[29] - 1744 – Desiderio da Casabasciana
- 1751 – Prospero Zinelli
- 1754 – Pio da Mentone
- 1756 – Domenico da Venezia
- 1762 – Paolo da Piacenza
- 1767 – Luigi da Bastia
- 1773 – Valeriano Bellandi
- 1773 – Gian Domenico da Levigliano
- 1795 – Placido da Roma
- 1798 – Ladislao da Viterbo
19th century
- 1801 – Zenobio Puccini
- 1805 – Bonaventura da Nola
- 1808 – Giuseppe M. Pierallini
- 1815 – Girolamo da Osimo
- 1817 – Salvatore Antonio da Malta
- 1820 – Ugolino Cesarini
- 1822 – Gian Antonio da Rogliano
- 1825 – Tomaso da Montasola
- 1831 – Francesco di S. Lorenzo alle Grotte
- 1835 – Francesco Saverio da Malta
- 1838 – Perpetuo Guasco
- 1841 – Cherubino Maria da Cori
- 1843 – Cherubino da Civezza
- 1847 – Bernardino Trionfetti
- 1857 – Bonaventura Robotti
- 1863 – Serafino Milani
- 1874 – Gaudenzio Bonfigli
- 1880 – Guido Corbelli
- 1886 – Aurelio Briante
- 1888 – Giacomo Ghezzi
1894 – Aurelio Briante[29]
20th century
- 1900 – Frediano Giannini
- 1906 – Roberto Razzoli
- 1914 – Onorato Carcaterra
- 1915 – Serafino Cimino
- 1918 – Ferdinando Diotallevi; as Custos he was also member of the Pro-Jerusalem Society's leading Council
- 1925 – Aurelio Marotta
- 1931 – Nazzareno Jacopozzi
- 1937 – Alberto Gori
- 1950 – Giacinto Maria Faccio
- 1955 – Angelico Lazzeri
- 1957 – Alfredo Polidori
- 1962 – Vincenzo Cappiello
- 1968 – Alfonso Calabrese
- 1969 – Erminio Roncari
- 1974 – Maurilio Sacchi
- 1980 – Ignazio Mancini
- 1986 – Carlo Cecchitelli
- 1992 – Giuseppe Nazzaro
- 1998 – Giovanni Battistelli
21st century
- 2004 – Pierbattista Pizzaballa
- 2016 – Francesco Patton
See also
- Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem
- Catholic Church in Palestine
- Catholic Church in Israel
- Palestinian Christians
- Holy See–Israel relations
- Order of the Holy Sepulchre
- Brotherhood of the Holy Sepulchre
- ATS Association of the Holy Land
References
- ^ a b The Bull of Clement VI (1342)[permanent dead link]
- ^ a b Middle East Christians must be courageous, open, says Franciscan custos
- ^ a b "Administration". Franciscan Custody of the Holy Land. Archived from the original on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 8 April 2015.
- ^ a b c d "Challenges of New Franciscan Custodian of Holy Land: Interview With Father Pierbattista Pizzaballa". ZENIT. 24 May 2004. Retrieved 8 April 2015.
- ^ John Abela (1 December 2001). "Christian Sanctuaries in the Holy Land". Christusrex.org. Archived from the original on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 15 December 2015.
- ^ "The role of the Custos for the Holy Land". Franciscan Custody of the Holy Land. Archived from the original on 6 March 2016.
- ^ "The role of the Custos for the Holy Land". Franciscan Custody of the Holy Land. Archived from the original on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 8 April 2015.
- ^ "Italy/Subiaco". www.paradoxplace.com. Archived from the original on 13 January 2015.
- ^ a b c St. Anthony: patron saint of the Custody of the Holy Land for a hundred years, Giacomo Pizzi for proterrasancta.org, 15 June 2020. Accessed 15 January 2022.
- ^ The Franciscan Presence in the Holy Land, by Fr. Pierbattista Pizzaballa, OFM, Franciscan Printing Press – Jerusalem 2008[permanent dead link]
- ^ "Official website page 1". Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 5 August 2009.
- ^ Paolo Pieraccini, Custos of the Holy Land and Patriarch at the Second Vatican Council
- ^ E.g., Auspicia quaedam of 1 May 1948, two weeks before the end of the British Mandate; In multiplicibus curis on 24 October 1948; and Redemptoris nostri cruciatus of 15 April 1949.
- ^ "Official website page 2". Archived from the original on 14 September 2012. Retrieved 5 August 2009.
- ^ "Father Pierbattista Pizzaballa an SBF professor new Custos of the Holy Land". Archived from the original on 8 September 2008. Retrieved 3 August 2009.
- ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 1 July 2013. Retrieved 28 June 2013.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ Hareetz: "Senior Catholic cleric: 'If Jews want respect, they must respect others'" By Nir Hasson 7 September 2012
- ^ Jerusalem Post Jan 25, 2002 – The gatekeeper
- ^ Catholic Encyclopedia
- Custodia Terrae Sanctae. Retrieved 14 February 2022.
- ^ Rey, Émilie (10 November 2021). "The Holy Land review celebrates 100 years of Christian history". terrasanctamuseum.org. Retrieved 26 February 2024.
- ^ a b c d e "About us". tsedizioni.it. Retrieved 26 February 2024.
- ^ a b Leonetti, Arianna (2021). ""The typography is our most beautiful ornament": the birth of the Franciscan Printing Press". BibliothecaTerraeSanctae.org. Retrieved 26 February 2024.
- ^ a b c "The Franciscan Printing Press of Jerusalem between tradition and modernity". custodia.org. 24 May 2018. Retrieved 26 February 2024.
- ^ "Franciscan Printing Press". tsedizioni.it. Retrieved 26 February 2024.
- ^ THE FRANCISCAN PRESENCE IN THE HOLY LAND, Franciscan Printing Press, Jerusalem, 2018, p.16-17, lists 50 sanctuaries by name
- ^ "Sanctuaries". Custodia Terrae Sanctae. Retrieved 6 August 2023.
The Custody of the Holy Land has the task of guarding 55 sanctuaries, which are located in the current borders of Israel, Palestine, Jordan.
- ^ Leader of the first group of friars sent to Jerusalem after the first General Chapter (1217).
- ^ a b c d e f g Second term.
- ^ a b He died before his arrival to the Custody.