Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma

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Cutaneous T cell lymphoma
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Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
Micrograph showing cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. H&E stain
SpecialtyHematology and oncology

Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) is a class of

tumors before spreading
to other parts of the body.

Signs and symptoms

The presentation depends if it is

Sézary syndrome
, the most common, though not the only types. Among the symptoms for the aforementioned types are: enlarged lymph nodes, an enlarged liver and spleen, and non-specific dermatitis.[1]

Cause

The cause of CTCL remains largely unknown, but several external risk factors have been proposed as potential triggers and promoters of the disease. These include the use of

Chlamydophila pneumoniae, and dermatophytes). The level of evidence varies among the different factors. [2]

Diagnosis

A point-based algorithm for the diagnosis for early forms of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma was proposed by the International Society for Cutaneous Lymphomas in 2005.[3]

Classification

Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma may be divided into the several subtypes.

EORTC classification has been developed.[6][7][8]

Treatment

Romidepsin

There is no cure for CTCL, but there are a variety of treatment options available and some CTCL patients are able to live normal lives with this cancer, although symptoms can be debilitating and painful, even in earlier stages. FDA approved treatments include the following:[9]

Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are shown to have antiproliferative and cytotoxic properties against CTCL.[10] Other (off label) treatments include:

In 2010, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration granted orphan drug designation for naloxone lotion as a treatment for pruritus in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma to a pharmaceutical company called Elorac.[11]

Epidemiology

Of all

African-American people.[9] The incidence of CTCL in men is 1.6 times higher than in women.[9]

There is some evidence of a relationship with

human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV) with the adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma subtype.[9] No definitive link between any viral infection or environmental factor has been definitely shown with other CTCL subtypes.[9]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology". 2016-06-02. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  2. PMID 31106143
    .
  3. PMID 16310068
    .
  4. ISBN 978-0-7216-2921-6
    .
  5. S2CID 44407772
    .
  6. PMID 15692063
    .
  7. S2CID 13571836
    .
  8. S2CID 213450901
    .
  9. ^
    S2CID 28520647
    .
  10. ISBN 9783319479064
    .
  11. ^ Elorac, Inc. Announces Orphan Drug Designation for Novel Topical Treatment for Pruritus in Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma (CTCL) Archived 2010-12-30 at the Wayback Machine website
  12. ISBN 978-0-7817-5007-3
    . Frequency of lymphoid neoplasms. (Source: Modified from WHO Blue Book on Tumour of Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues. 2001, p. 2001.)

External links


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