Džafer Kulenović
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Member of Senate | |
---|---|
In office 6 January 1929 – 5 February 1939 | |
Prime Minister | See list
|
Member of the National Assembly | |
In office December 1920 – 6 January 1929 | |
Prime Minister | See list
|
Personal details | |
Born | 17 February 1891 Bosnia and Herzegovina, Austria-Hungary |
Died | 3 October 1956 Damascus, Syria | (aged 65)
Political party | Croatian Liberation Movement |
Other political affiliations | Yugoslav Muslim Organization |
Relations | Osman Kulenović (brother)Nahid Kulenović (son) |
Alma mater | University of Vienna |
Profession | Lawyer |
Džafer Kulenović (17 February 1891 – 3 October 1956), often referred to as Džafer-beg Kulenović, was a Bosnian Muslim and Yugoslav politician who led the Yugoslav Muslim Organization in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, and was briefly Minister of Forestry and Mining in the pre-war Yugoslav governments of Dragiša Cvetković and Dušan Simović. During World War II, he served as the Vice President of the Axis puppet state the Independent State of Croatia.
Early life
Džafer Kulenović was born to a
Kingdom of Yugoslavia
In 1919, after the
In the 1923 election, the Autonomists defeated the pro-Serbian faction. Kulenović was also among those who made the Sarajevan Punctations, in which the YMO condemned the Serbian nationalist policy over Bosnia and Herzegovina and demanded Bosnian autonomy.[1] After Mehmed Spaho, the President of the YMO, died, Kulenović was elected as the organization's new president on 29 June 1939.[2] Uzeir Hadžihasanović who was influential amongst the Muslims, helped him win this post.[3] At this time, the YMO was in a coalition called the Yugoslav Radical Union (YRU); the coalition was led by Milan Stojadinović. The YMO's membership in the YRU threatened YMO's existence, and Kulenović tried to save the party. His actions led to the division in the YRU.[2]
During the crisis of the YRU, Kulenović stated to the press: Gentlemen, I am a Croat and a Croatian nationalist... And not only that I am a Croat and a Croatian nationalist, but the Bosnian Muslims are, as a whole, Croats and part of the Croatian nation.
— Džafer Kulenović[2]
During the tenures of prime ministers Dragiša Cvetković and Dušan Simović, Kulenović was a minister without portfolio and Minister of Forestry and Mining. In 1939 Kulenović opposed the partition of Bosnia and Herzegovina when the Banovina of Croatia was created, and he also opposed the idea of Serbian nationalist ministers and politicians that the parts of Bosnia and Herzegovina, which were not included in the Croatian Banovina, should be included in Serbian lands. During the German Invasion of Yugoslavia in April 1941, Kulenović didn't leave the country as most ministers did; he secretly left Belgrade and went to Užice, from where he went to Sarajevo and later to Brčko, where his family lived.[2]
Independent State of Croatia
He became the Deputy Prime Minister of the
Emigration
Kulenović lived in Italy until 1948, then immigrated with his family to Syria.[4] He lived there until his death on 3 October 1956 in Damascus. While in Syria, the expatriate Croat community in Argentina published a collection of his journalistic writings. In 1950, the Bosnian Muslim Community in Chicago published a speech he wrote for the Muslim Congress following World War II in Lahore, Pakistan.
A few months before Kulenović's death, the
Works
- A Message from Croat Moslems to their Religious Brethren in the World, 1951., (reprint, Createspace, 2011.)
- Džafer Kulenović, Sabrana djela, 1945.-1956., Buenos Aires, 1978. (editors: Jere Jareb, Stjepan Barbarić, Miron Krešimir Begić, Ragib Zukić)
- Izbor iz djela: članci i rasprave, Uzdanica, Zagreb, 1992.[7]
References
- Citations
- ^ a b Dizdar et al. 1997, p. 216.
- ^ a b c d Dizdar et al. 1997, p. 217.
- ^ Redžić & Donia 2005, p. 166.
- ^ a b c "KULENOVIĆ, Džafer". Croatian Biographical Lexicon (in Croatian). Retrieved 27 July 2020.
- ^ “Exiles Speak of Yugoslav Death List”, The Times of London, 2 July 1969.
- ^ "Nedjeljko Mrkonjić žrtva svog susjeda". Slobodna Dalmacija (in Croatian). 18 August 2000. Retrieved 19 February 2017.
- ^ Open Library: Izbor iz djela. By Džafer Kulenović.
- Bibliography
- Dizdar, Zdravko; Grčić, Marko; ISBN 953-6377-03-9.
- Redžić, Enver; Donia, Robert (2005). Bosnia and Herzegovina in the 2nd World War. Routledge. ISBN 9780714656250.