D. F. Malan

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For the South African cricketer, see Daniel Malan (cricketer).

Patrick Duncan
Succeeded byJan Hofmeyr
Personal details
Born(1874-05-22)22 May 1874
Riebeek-West, Cape Colony
Died7 February 1959(1959-02-07) (aged 84)
Stellenbosch, Cape Province, Union of South Africa
Political party
(1940–1948)
Spouses
Martha van Tonder
​
​
(m. 1926; died 1930)​
Maria Louw
​
(m. 1937)​
Children
  • 2 sons
  • 1 daughter (adopted)
University of Utrecht
ProfessionClergyman, politician
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Daniël François Malan

prime minister of South Africa from 1948 to 1954. The National Party implemented the system of apartheid, which enforced racial segregation
laws, during his tenure as prime minister.

Early life

The Malan siblings. First row : Koos Malan. Second row : Cinie, Daniel François and Fanie Malan. Third row (back) : Mimie Malan.

Daniël François Malan was born on 22 May 1874 in

Riebeek-West in the Cape Colony
. His father, who bore the same name, was a wealthy farmer and clergyman. His mother was Ana Magdalena du Toit. He was the fifth of nine children, four of whom did not survive childhood.

The progenitor of the Malan name in the South African region was a

French Huguenot refugee named Jacques Malan from Provence (Mérindol), France, who arrived at the Cape before 1689.[1] The Malan name is one of a number of Afrikaans names of French origin which have retained their original spelling. Malan's older sister, Cinie, later became a missionary and linguist.[1]

Malan circa 1910

Malan obtained a B.A. in Music and Science from

University of Utrecht
, which he obtained in 1905.

Career

Dutch Reformed Church minister

D. F. Malan

Malan returned to South Africa, where he was ordained as a minister of the Dutch Reformed Church and served for six months as an assistant-minister in Heidelberg, Transvaal. He was an ardent fighter for the acceptance of Afrikaans, which was an emerging language fighting against Dutch and English, and was a founding member of the Afrikaanse Taal- en Kultuurvereniging (ATKV, 'The Afrikaans Language and Cultural Society'), which was established in 1930. He was stationed in Montagu from 1906 to 1912 and thereafter in Graaff-Reinet until 1915. He also undertook a journey on behalf of the Dutch Reformed Church, visiting religious Afrikaners living in the Belgian Congo, Northern Rhodesia, and Southern Rhodesia.[3]

Political career

Malan with J. B. M. Hertzog

Malan's involvement in

House of Assembly. He held that seat until 1938 when he became the MP for Piketberg
.

When the National Party came to power for the first time in 1924 under Prime Minister J. B. M. Hertzog, Malan was given the post of Minister of the Interior, Education and Public Health, which he held until 1933. In 1925, he was at the forefront of a campaign to replace Dutch with Afrikaans in the constitution and provide South Africa with a new national flag.

After the 1933 election, the United Party was formed out of the fusion of Hertzog's National Party and the rival South African Party of Jan Smuts. Malan strongly opposed this merger and, in 1934, he and 19 other MPs defected to form the Purified National Party, which he led for the next 14 years as the opposition.

Malan opposed South African participation in

Afrikaner population, and in 1939 that led to a split in the governing United Party. The defectors united with the National Party, dramatically strengthening Malan's political position, and he consequently defeated Smuts and the United Party in the 1948 general election
.

E. G. Jansen, Charles Swart. Second row : A. J. Stals, Paul Sauer, Eric Louw, S. P. Le Roux, Eben Dönges, Frans Erasmus and Ben Schoeman
.

During Malan's tenure as prime minister, South Africans lost the right of appeal from the Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of South Africa to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council in London under the terms of the Privy Council Appeals Act, 1950.

J. G. Strijdom, Prime Minister D. F. Malan and Paul Sauer in Pretoria after the 1953 South African general election victory.

The foundations of apartheid were firmly laid during Malan's six-and-a-half years as prime minister. On 24 February 1953, Malan was granted dictatorial powers to oppose black and Indian anti-apartheid movements.

J. G. Strijdom.[6]

Death

Malan died on 7 February 1959 at Môrewag, his home in

SABC3's Great South Africans
list.

Notes

  1. ISBN 2-84100-086-9

References

  1. ^ Lindie Korf. "Behind Every Man: D.F. Malan and the Women in his Life, 1874-1959". Retrieved 4 September 2021.
  2. S2CID 145581158
    .
  3. ^ sahoboss (17 February 2011). "Daniel Francois Malan". South African History Online. Retrieved 24 January 2018.
  4. ^ "Daniel Francois Malan". South African History Online. 17 February 2011. Retrieved 7 August 2019.
  5. hdl:10500/8477
    .
  6. Britannica
    . Retrieved 5 March 2022.
  7. Newspapers.com
    .

External links

Media related to Daniel François Malan at Wikimedia Commons Quotations related to D. F. Malan at Wikiquote

Political offices
Preceded by Prime Minister of South Africa
1948–1954 		Succeeded by
J.G. Strijdom
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