Dark Horse (Katy Perry song)

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

"Dark Horse"
MXM Studios
  • (Stockholm, Sweden)
  • Luke's in the Boo
  • (Malibu, California)
  • Secret Garden Studios
  • (Montecito, California)
  • Genre
    Length3:35
    LabelCapitol
    Songwriter(s)
    Producer(s)
    Katy Perry singles chronology
    "Unconditionally"
    (2013)
    "Dark Horse"
    (2013)
    "Birthday"
    (2014)
    Juicy J singles chronology
    "Lolly"
    (2013)
    "Dark Horse"
    (2013)
    "Shell Shocked"
    (2014)
    Music video
    "Dark Horse" on
    YouTube

    "Dark Horse" is a song by American singer

    studio album, Prism (2013). Three months later, it was released as the third official single on December 17. Both artists co-wrote the song with its producers, Max Martin, Cirkut, and Dr. Luke, alongside Sarah Hudson. It was conceived by Perry and Hudson during a writing session in Perry's hometown of Santa Barbara, California
    , and Juicy J was later commissioned for a verse on the song.

    "Dark Horse" combines the genres of

    witch warning a man not to fall in love with her because if he does, she will be his last. The song was part of a competition sponsored by Pepsi in which fans could vote via Twitter on whether they would prefer either "Dark Horse" or "Walking on Air
    " to be released as the first promotional single from Prism.

    "Dark Horse" was a commercial success, charting at number one in Canada, the Netherlands, Poland, and the United States. It also reached the top ten in almost 20 countries, including New Zealand, the United Kingdom, Sweden, and Venezuela, as well as on the Digital Songs chart of Billboard magazine.[1] Billboard credits "Dark Horse" for helping cement trap music's place on the charts.[2] Perry first performed the song live at the 2013 iHeartRadio Music Festival in Las Vegas on September 20, 2013. The song's first major television performance was at the 56th Annual Grammy Awards on January 26, 2014.[3] "Dark Horse" was nominated for Best Pop Duo/Group Performance at the 57th Annual Grammy Awards. The song has sold 13.2 million units (combined sales and track-equivalent streams), becoming the second best-selling song worldwide for 2014.[4]

    In 2014,

    damages; of which Perry was ordered to pay $550,000. However, in part due to a similar judgment that found Led Zeppelin's "Stairway to Heaven" clear of copyright infringement in the Ninth Circuit, the jury award was vacated
    on appeal in March 2020.

    Production and release

    Inspired by the 1996 film

    hip-hop-flavored background soundtrack"; and its lyrics as "witchy and dark", written from the perspective of "a witch warning [a] man to not fall in love with [her]", and if so, she would be his last. Perry then asked producer Dr. Luke to contact one of his Kemosabe Records artists, American rapper Juicy J, for a guest verse. Juicy J complimented Perry as having a "very professional" work ethic and being substantially involved in the song's development. He said: "My verse I did on that song, she was singing it. She's really a genius, she was by the mixing board and telling the guy what to take in and take out. She's really hands-on with her music, she knows music."[7]

    "Dark Horse" was recorded and engineered at Luke's in the Boo in

    MXM Studios in Stockholm, Sweden. It was engineered by Peter Carlsson, Mike "Crazy Mike" Foster, Clint Gibbs, Sam Holland, and Michael Ilbert. They were assisted by Eric Eylands, Rachael Findlen, Justin Fox, Elliot Lanam, and Cory Bice. It was mixed by Şerban Ghenea, while John Hanes served as the engineer for mix. All instrumentation and programming was done by Dr. Luke, Max Martin, and Cirkut.[8]

    In a press release on August 20, 2013, Pepsi announced a partnership with Perry to promote her fourth studio album Prism: a social "tweet-to-unlock" voting program, encouraging fans to tweet the hashtag #KATYNOW in exchange for song titles and lyrics. The chosen tracks for the campaign were "Walking on Air" and "Dark Horse". After the samples were revealed, fans could vote for which one they wanted to have an early release on digital retailers.[9] The winner was "Dark Horse", which was released on September 17, 2013, on the iTunes Store.[10] Due to its commercial success, it was sent to contemporary hit and rhythmic radio stations on December 17, 2013, as Prism's third official single.[11][12]

    Composition

    "Dark Horse" is a

    The Clipse", before going on to call it unexpected, unconventional, and unstoppable.[24]

    Critical reception

    The critical response to guest vocals from Juicy J (pictured) was generally negative.

    Marc Hogan from Spin called the lyrics a "cliché salad" but believed that the song had potential to become a hit due to its "soaring hooks" and "sleekly sculpted production".[25] Reviewing the song for Billboard, Jason Lipshutz said that by exploring trap-influenced music, Perry "score[d]" and "slay[ed]".[26] Digital Spy's Robert Copsey questioned the decision to not have a proper chorus in "Dark Horse" and the inclusion of Juicy J, though he praised the "sleazy" beat and "sultry" vocals from Katy Perry. He gave the track a rating of four stars out of five.[27] Contributor Dylan Mial of Blogcritics said the "juxtaposition" of Perry's vocals and Juicy J's rap brought "the ingredients for a perfect musical storm" and favored Perry for the "uniqueness" of the single.[28]

    Keith Murphy from Vibe called the track "infectiously sexy",[29] while John Walker from MTV was similarly positive about the song, though he wrote that Juicy's verse was "phoned-in".[30] Sal Cinquemani of Slant Magazine likened the song to avant-garde band Art of Noise's song "Moments In Love" and called it a "continuation" of "E.T.", and further labelled it as a "standout" from Prism.[31] While she did not give her opinion of the song as a whole, Helen Brown from the publication The Daily Telegraph criticized Juicy J for his "daft" rap.[32] For AbsolutePunk, Craig Manning classified "Dark Horse" as Prism's worst song, while also panning the rapper's contribution.[33] Marah Eakin from The A.V. Club was not entirely critical of the song, though she noted that it was not among "Perry's best".[34]

    Idolator's Sam Lansky opined that the "weird trap-lite" of the song "never quite coalesces".[37] The song was nominated for Best Song at the 2014 MTV Europe Music Awards, though lost to Ariana Grande's "Problem".[38] It was nominated for Best Pop Duo/Group Performance at the 57th Annual Grammy Awards.[39]

    Accolades

    Year Awards Category Result
    2014
    MuchMusic Video Awards
    Best International Artist Video Nominated
    Premios Juventud Favorite Hit
    Teen Choice Awards Choice Music: Single by a Female Artist
    MTV Video Music Awards Best Collaboration
    Best Female Video Won
    MTV Europe Music Awards Best Song Nominated
    Best Video Won
    American Music Awards Single of the Year
    MP3 Music Awards Radio/Charts/Downloads Award Nominated
    Los Premios 40 Principales Best International Video
    NRJ Music Awards
    Video of the Year
    2015 Grammy Awards Best Pop Duo/Group Performance
    ADG Excellence in Production Design Award
    Short Format: Web Series, Music Video or Commercial
    Myx Music Awards Favorite International Video
    Kids' Choice Awards Favorite Song Of The Year
    iHeartRadio Music Awards Best Collaboration

    Chart performance

    Perry performing “Dark Horse” during her residency Play.

    "Dark Horse" debuted at number seventeen on the

    Hot Digital Songs chart with 194,000 downloads sold for the week ending October 5, 2013.[40]
    Following its release as a single, after several weeks of ascending the chart, "Dark Horse" reached number one in the United States on the chart dated February 8, 2014. It marked Perry's ninth US number one and Juicy J's first, and remained atop the chart for four consecutive weeks.
    Adult Contemporary charts respectively.[46] As of August 2020, the song has sold 6.4 million copies in the nation,[47] and has been certified eleven-times platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).[48]

    In Canada, "Dark Horse" debuted at number eight on the

    In Australia, the song was not eligible to chart on the
    UK Singles Chart, becoming her thirteenth top ten hit, while peaking at number three in both Ireland and Scotland.[53] The song topped the charts in the Netherlands, Belgium (Flanders), and Poland, while reaching number two in Austria, Norway, and Sweden, number three in Belgium (Wallonia), number four in Israel, Switzerland, and the Czech Republic, number five in Italy, number six in Germany, France, and Denmark, number eight in Hungary, and number nine in Spain.[54] It earned certifications in Sweden (four times platinum), Italy (three times platinum), Norway (three times platinum), the UK (two times platinum), Mexico (two times platinum), Germany (three times gold), and Belgium (gold). "Dark Horse" sold 13.2 million units worldwide in 2014, finishing as the second best-selling song of the year according to the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry
    (IFPI).

    Music video

    Background and release

    In an interview with Billboard at the 2014 Grammy Awards, Juicy J stated the video will be filmed "soon"; he added that it is "a major motion picture." He further teased the release by saying, "I can't really tell you because it's definitely going to be a surprise, but I'll tell you this much right here: you've seen her other videos, this one's gonna be just as big. Everything she does is like grade A."[55]

    When "Dark Horse" had attained the top position on the US Billboard Hot 100 Chart, Perry announced that she was working on the video. "[41] On February 6, 2014, Perry tweeted the video would be released "soon".[56][57] On February 13, 2014, she released a preview of the music video onto her Vevo account on YouTube, revealing the Egyptian setting of the video. Perry played a character named "Katy Pätra", a takeoff on the Egyptian queen Cleopatra.[58] The video was released on February 20, 2014.[59]

    The music video was directed by

    hip hop: setting the video in ancient Memphis, Egypt as a nod to Juicy J's Tennessee hometown. Speaking of Perry's concept, Cullen said "That's music to my ears — when an artist has a couple concepts that they want to mash up to create something fresh."[60]

    On June 9, 2015, the music video for "Dark Horse" became the first video by a female artist to reach 1 billion views on Vevo.[61][62] Perry also became the first female to have a video on YouTube with 1 billion views.[63] As of August 2022, the video has received over 3.3 billion views on YouTube, making it the 15th most viewed music video of all time and 2nd most viewed music video of all time by a female artist, just behind another Perry song, "Roar".[64]

    Synopsis

    Arabic word for "Allah
    ", which was subsequently edited out of the video

    During the video's opening, it is revealed that the music video takes place "a crazy long time ago" in Memphis, Egypt. For the opening verses, Perry's character Katy Pätra, the witch of Memphis, is shown wearing a white dress and white and blue wig while floating on a large barge at sunset, with pyramids and palm trees visible in the background. The video transitions to a different scene where Pätra, now wearing a longer dress and a black wig, sits in an extravagant Sphinx-like throne while pharaohs gather to bring her expensive gifts (such as a large diamond) in an attempt to "win her heart".

    After retrieving the first suitor's gift, she hits the man with a magical bolt of lightning from her hand, turning him into a pile of sand, and takes his jewels to wear on her teeth as a grill. Another suitor brings her candy, cupcakes, twinkies, and spicy cheese puffs. After she burns her mouth with the spicy cheese puffs, she turns the suitor into a large cup of water, which she drinks. Pätra also appears as a gray statue in a scene where golden pythons and gray guardian statues such as Anubis, Horus, Nisroch and Apep surround her, and in a scene with a blue background where she wears a golden dress and several golden hieroglyphs levitate around her.

    During

    dog with a human head
    .

    Reception

    The music video was criticized by some for appropriating the symbols and imagery of Egyptian culture. Cullen, the director, defended the music video, saying that, while he believes it is dangerous to rip things directly from present cultures without adding anything to them, Ancient Egypt is part of what he calls our "shared collective mythology". He said: "The most important thing is that when you create something, and this is actually something Katy and I worked to do — you bring a new spin to it." Egyptologist David P. Silverman praised the music video's use of Egyptian imagery and the interest it could generate to viewers: "[Egypt has] always been a part of popular culture. It encourages people to think of these things, and some of those people actually begin to learn a lot." The video was noted by conspiracy theorists for bearing resemblance to imagery used by the alleged Illuminati, but Robert K. Ritner rejected the allegations, saying that "The many discussions of the Illuminati are nonsense" and that, in fact, the masonic imagery associated with the Illuminati is drawn from Egyptian imagery (as a common source for both).[60]

    Accusations of blasphemy

    The music video caused controversy among

    Muslims who criticized a scene in the video where a man wearing a pendant appearing to display the Arabic word for "Allah" is disintegrated and turned into sand by Perry's character. The scene took place 1 minute and 15 seconds into the video. A petition launched on Change.org accused Perry of "representing an opposition of God" and demanded that the video be taken down from YouTube. The petition reached over 65,000 signatures and as a response, the pendant was digitally removed from the video on February 26, 2014, after which the petition was closed.[65]

    Copyright infringement lawsuit

    On July 1, 2014, the St. Louis Post-Dispatch reported that Christian rapper Flame and others filed a lawsuit against Perry, Capitol Records, and Perry's co-writers for infringing copyright on the song "Joyful Noise", which appeared on the 2008 album Our World: Redeemed.[66] The producer, Chike Ojukwu, along with co-songwriter Da' T.R.U.T.H. were listed as co-plaintiffs.[67][68] Cho'zyn Boy, a DJ for Flame in 2014, stated that Perry's song is "identical" to "Joyful Noise", but ten BPM slower in tempo and one step higher in pitch.[69] In addition to the infringement claims, the suit claimed that "by any measure, the devoutly religious message of 'Joyful Noise' has been irreparably tarnished by its association with the witchcraft, paganism, black magic, and Illuminati imagery evoked by the same music in 'Dark Horse'".[70] Rapper Lecrae, who is featured on the song and was initially included as a plaintiff in the lawsuit, clarified to MTV that "I was in Hong Kong [when] the press release went out and it's not my song — it's my guy Flame's song and I respect everyone's intellectual properties — but that statement about the witchcraft and stuff, that's not my statement and I don't stand behind that statement."[71] To divest himself from the lawsuit, Lecrae signed over his rights to the song to Flame, Da' T.R.U.T.H., and Ojukwu for free.[72]

    In August 2018, Christina A. Snyder from the United States District Court for the Central District of California ruled against a summary judgment, arguing that the plaintiffs "demonstrated a triable issue of fact as to access because 'Joyful Noise' achieved critical success, including a Grammy nomination, and was readily available and viewed millions of times on YouTube and MySpace."[73][74] She also deferred to the arguments of musicologist Todd Decker, who claimed that the songs share "five or six points of similarity"; specifically, the ostinatos in both songs are either identical or nearly so in their phrase length, rhythm, pitch content, and timbre.[72][74] Perry and Dr. Luke countered with their own expert testimony from musicologist Lawrence Ferrara that the commonalities between the two songs are merely generic elements.[74] During the federal trial in July 2019, Perry, Dr. Luke, and Max Martin testified that they had never heard "Joyful Noise", and that of the trillions of videos uploaded to YouTube between 2009 and 2013, and their defense team attempted to demonstrate that "Joyful Noise" was not widely accessible to audiences.[68][75] The lawyer for Flame and the other plaintiffs noted that Perry in the early 2000s started her career in Christian pop, to which Perry replied that even during that part of her career she was "mostly always listening to ... secular music anyway".[68][67][76]

    Ferrara argued that "Dark Horse" contains elements common to countless songs, including the much older songs "Mary Had a Little Lamb", "Jolly Old St. Nicholas", and "Merrily We Roll Along".[68][72] Decker claimed that the descending melodies of each ostinato are unique and that he had not "seen another piece that descends in the way these two do."[72] The attorney for Perry and fellow defendants accused Flame and the other plaintiffs of "trying to own basic building blocks of music, the alphabet of music that should be available to everyone."[68] Another argument from Perry and the other defendants was that because Ojukwu never registered the beat he produced and later licensed it to Flame, "Joyful Noise" was itself a derivative work.[68][72] When Perry testified before the court, initially technical difficulties prevented her lawyers from playing "Dark Horse" in the courtroom, and Perry joked "I could perform it for you live."[67][76] On July 29, 2019, a federal jury found that Perry, Juicy J, Dr. Luke, Max Martin, Cirkut, and Sarah Hudson were guilty of infringement, along with Capitol Records, Warner Bros. Music Publishing, Kobalt Publishing, and Kasz Money Inc.[67][68] The jury awarded the plaintiffs $2.78 million, of which Perry herself was ordered to pay $550,000.[77]

    Perry and the other defendants moved for judgment as a matter of law.

    inverse ratio rule" which it had used in several previous cases.[79] Perry's lawyers took this ruling as part of their appeal to Judge Snyder.[80] On March 17, 2020, Judge Snyder overturned the jury award, citing numerous factors, including that the evidence given did not support the jury's award, and of the recent Ninth Circuit judgement. Snyder wrote "A relatively common 8-note combination of unprotected elements that happens to be played in a timbre common to a particular genre of music cannot be so original as to warrant copyright protection". Snyder vacated the jury's verdict and denied motions for a new trial, though stated that should the case be heard on appeal at the Ninth Circuit, that a new jury trial would be required.[81][82][83] The Ninth Circuit ruled 3–0 in March 2022 to affirm Snyder's decision in Perry's favor, stating that "Allowing a copyright over this material would essentially amount to allowing an improper monopoly over two-note pitch sequences or even the minor scale itself."[84]

    Live performances

    The Prismatic World Tour

    "Dark Horse" was first performed at the

    2014 BRIT Awards and the performance featured a neon-colored Egyptian theme, like the music video.[89]

    On February 1, 2015, the song was performed by Perry during the Super Bowl XLIX halftime show, where she was on a chessboard, with her dancers as chess pieces. It is regarded as the most technical performance in her halftime set.[90]

    Usage in media

    The song is used as the theme music for

    season 3.[91]

    Credits and personnel

    Credits adapted from Prism album liner notes.[92]

    • Katy Perry – lead vocals, backing vocals, songwriter
    • Juicy J – featured vocals, backing vocals, songwriter
    • Sarah Hudson – songwriter
    • Dr. Luke – producer, songwriter
    • Max Martin – producer, songwriter
    • Cirkut
      – producer, songwriter

    Formats and track listings

    • Digital download – Japan version[93]
    1. "Dark Horse" (featuring TEE) – 3:35
    1. "Dark Horse" – 3:35
    2. "Dark Horse" (Johnson Somerset Remix) – 9:01

    Charts

    Certifications

    Certifications and sales for "Dark Horse"
    Region Certification Certified units/sales
    Australia (ARIA)[190] 11× Platinum 770,000
    Belgium (BEA)[191] Gold 15,000*
    Canada (Music Canada)[193] 7× Platinum 391,000[192]
    France 75,000[194]
    Germany (BVMI)[195] 3× Gold 450,000
    Italy (FIMI)[196] 3× Platinum 90,000*
    Mexico (AMPROFON)[197] 2× Platinum 120,000*
    New Zealand (RMNZ)[198] 2× Platinum 30,000*
    Norway (IFPI Norway)[199] 5× Platinum 300,000
    Portugal (AFP)[200] Gold 10,000
    Sweden (GLF)[201] 4× Platinum 160,000
    United Kingdom (BPI)[202] 2× Platinum 1,200,000
    United States (RIAA)[48] 11× Platinum 6,400,000[47]
    Streaming
    Denmark (IFPI Danmark)[203] 2× Platinum 5,200,000
    Spain (PROMUSICAE)[204] Platinum 8,000,000
    Summaries
    Worldwide 13,200,000[4]

    * Sales figures based on certification alone.
    Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.
    Streaming-only figures based on certification alone.

    Release history

    Release dates and formats for "Dark Horse"
    Country Date Format Label Ref.
    Various September 17, 2013[a] Digital download Capitol [21]
    United States December 17, 2013 Contemporary hit radio [11]
    Rhythmic contemporary radio [12]
    France January 6, 2014 Radio airplay Universal [205]
    Italy February 14, 2014 [206]
    Germany February 28, 2014 CD Capitol [94]
    United States March 11, 2014
    Urban contemporary
    radio
    [207]
    September 4, 2015 Digital download [208]

    See also

    References

    Notes

    1. promotional single
      .

    Cites

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    External links