Darrington, Washington

Coordinates: 48°15′8″N 121°36′14″W / 48.25222°N 121.60389°W / 48.25222; -121.60389
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Darrington, Washington
FIPS code
53-16690
GNIS feature ID1518492[4]
Websitetownofdarrington.com

Darrington is a town in

2010 census
.

Non-indigenous settlement in the area began in 1891 at the site of a

Prospectors had arrived in the area during the 1880s while looking for gold and other minerals, but were quickly displaced by the logging industry that would come to dominate Darrington for much of the 20th century. The Northern Pacific Railway built a branch line
to the town in 1901 and ushered in several years of growth.

During the

bluegrass festival and rodeo
.

Darrington was

snowfall than the Puget Sound lowlands
.

History

Prehistory and early exploration

The upper Stillaguamish and Sauk valleys on the Sauk, Suiattle, and White Chuck rivers were historically inhabited by various Native American Coast Salish groups, including the Stillaguamish, the Sauk-Suiattle, and the Upper Skagit.[5] The Sauk-Suiattle maintained a village site and burial ground near modern-day Darrington, while the Skagit used the plain between the Stillaguamish and Sauk rivers as a portage for overland transport of canoes. The portage, Anglicized as Kudsl Kudsl or Kuds-al-kaid, was also used as a transiting point for travelers from Eastern Washington on their way to and from the Puget Sound coast.[6][7]

The area was known as Burn or Sauk Portage to early surveyors and visitors from towns along the Puget Sound coastline. A group of railroad surveyors for the Northern Pacific Railway arrived in modern-day Darrington in 1870 while plotting the potential route for a railroad crossing the Cascades to Lake Chelan, but ultimately chose Stampede Pass to the south.[8] The North Stillaguamish Valley was nicknamed "Starve Out" by early settlers, who arrived alone and underprepared for the area's conditions, leading to several difficult winters.[9] Soldiers sent to the area by the valley settlers threatened to evict the Sauk-Suiattles; this did not occur as the settlers' claim that the Sauk-Suiattle were hostile and had attacked them was determined to be unfounded. The tribe later hired surveyors to record their claims to the eastern side of the Sauk River, lands that currently comprise their Indian reservation.[10]

The discovery of gold and other valuable minerals in the

wagon road along the Sauk River connecting Monte Cristo to Sauk Prairie and the settlement of Sauk City on the Skagit River was built in 1891, later forming part of the modern Mountain Loop Highway.[11][12] It was only used for three years before being replaced by the Everett and Monte Cristo Railway to the south; until that time, the Sauk Prairie at the modern site of Darrington was an overnight camping spot for prospectors.[11] Nearby areas were explored by prospectors who made over a hundred claims to tracts of land in the highlands around the valley, including Gold Hill.[13][14]

Establishment and early development

A group of packhorses pictured outside a general store in Darrington, c. 1905

The Sauk Prairie campsite evolved into a settlement that was known as "The Portage" and developed around several homesteads established between 1888 and 1891.

maiden name of settler W. W. Cristopher's mother.[16][17] According to some reports, the name was originally to be "Barrington" but was changed due to a mistake from the Postal Department or by the townspeople to resemble the word "dare".[18][19] By the end of the decade, the town had gained a schoolhouse, a general store, a hotel, and a postmaster, Fred Olds, whose horse inspired the naming of Whitehorse Mountain.[5][20]

Darrington's residents lobbied the

Seattle and International Railway for the construction of a branch line from Arlington to the town as early as 1895,[21] offering a 15-year contract to ship 75 percent of the area's extracted ores. The railroad agreed to the offer and began construction in 1900. It later merged with the Northern Pacific Railway, outpacing Great Northern and their plans to build a railroad to their timber holdings in the Sauk River valley.[22] Railway crews arrived in the Darrington area by the following year and the first train arrived at the town's depot in 1901.[23]

Several

board feet (54.28 m3) of wood per day.[26]

U.S. Lumber angered the townspeople by hiring 21

injunction after rioters had threatened to burn its Darrington mill and other properties should it attempt to return the Japanese laborers.[29] The injunction was denied,[30] but the townspeople relented and allowed 20 Japanese laborers to return to the mill a week later following Prince Fushimi Hiroyasu's visit to Seattle.[5][26][31]

Early 20th century

The entrance to Camp Darrington, established in 1933 by the Civilian Conservation Corps

Darrington's residents resisted the county government's

incorporate Darrington as a fourth-class city in order to continue alcohol sales, but the attempt was thwarted after protests by U.S. Lumber and several civic leaders.[26][32] On July 5, 1910, the town voted 46–35 in favor of remaining a "wet" settlement, but the countywide plebiscite the same day passed in favor of prohibition.[26]

The town grew substantially in the early 1920s, with new sawmills attracting more residents and businesses. The wagon road along the North Fork Stillaguamish River (now part of

jail that replaced a disused boxcar.[5][34]

Falling lumber prices during the Great Depression led several small sawmills in the Darrington area to suspend operations for a full year and laying off most of the town's workforce in late 1930.[35] The town suffered outbreaks of scarlet fever and smallpox in 1931, followed by winter storms that damaged bridges and roads in the Sauk valley.[36] The Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) work program established Camp Darrington on May 20, 1933, to provide employment for up to 200 men from northern Snohomish County.[5] The townspeople established a local cooperative association in 1935 to create jobs, including 33 at an independent sawmill, and provide services at a shared cost.[37]

Camp Darrington was primarily used to fight

ski jump.[43] The Works Progress Administration, another federal jobs program, provided funds to replace the town's overcrowded high school in 1936.[44]

Incorporation and decline of lumber

Darrington reached a population of 600 residents in 1945 and was officially incorporated as a fourth-class town on October 15, 1945, following a 96–60 vote in favor.

community center to serve as a venue for various social functions and a general gymnasium with seating for 1,200 people.[47] A new high school and municipal airport opened in 1958 at opposite ends of the town.[48][49]

Railroad companies with large timber holdings in the area began to leave in the 1960s, leading to the rise of independent "

right-of-way was acquired by the county for conversion into a rail trail.[52][53]

The gyppo operations gave way to a small local timber company, Summit Timber, which acquired the largest sawmill in Darrington, now the Hampton mill.

cedar shakes, closed during the 1960s, leading to further population decline.[56] The area's timber industry was also adversely affected by tighter logging restrictions on federal lands during the 1980s and 1990s meant to protect the mountain habitats of threatened and endangered species, including the northern spotted owl.[57] In response, Summit transitioned to processing private forests and lands managed by the Washington State Department of Natural Resources, maintaining its position as the town's largest employer.[58][52] The loss of timber-industry jobs led to local protests, part of the "timber wars" that erupted across logging communities in the Pacific Northwest during the 1990s.[59][60]

Tourism economy and modern Darrington

Darrington Street in downtown Darrington

The town government sought to diversify Darrington's economy and focus on

bedroom community for commuters working in Everett and Marysville.[64] Opposition from residents forced the town government to drop plans for a 400-bed minimum-security prison work camp in 1990.[56]

The town government unsuccessfully campaigned for a NASCAR racetrack and regional swimming center in the early 2000s, aiming to become an all-year destination for the county.[65][66] Several major floods in the late 1990s and early 2000s damaged properties along the rivers; in 2003, a flood washed out part of the Mountain Loop Highway.[67] The highway was not restored until 2008, costing Darrington approximately $750,000 in tourist revenue and forcing several businesses to close.[68][69] Darrington's main lumber mill laid off 67 workers in 2011, citing the effects of the Great Recession and declining demand.[70] The town government, running on a small budget of $1.6 million, accepted several grants from the state to upgrade its water system and repair streets during the recession.[71]

On March 22, 2014, a major mudslide on a hillside near Oso, 12 miles (19 km) west of Darrington, destroyed dozens of homes and a section of State Route 530, cutting off direct road access between Arlington and Darrington for two months.[72] It killed 43 people, becoming the deadliest landslide in U.S. history and the deadliest natural disaster in state history since the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens.[73][74] Darrington was one of the main staging areas for disaster response workers and supplies; the community center was used as an emergency shelter for victims and the rodeo grounds became an animal shelter and housing for workers.[75][76][77]

State Route 530 was partially reopened by early June and a permanent replacement was opened in September.[78][79] The increased costs to local businesses resulting from the long detour via State Route 20 were mitigated with low-interest loans from the Small Business Administration and recovery funds, including $9.5 million in private donations.[80][81] The tourism industry in Darrington also received a state-funded advertising campaign, keeping revenue and visitation for local events at pre-slide levels.[82][83][84] The state government, together with the Economic Alliance Snohomish County and Washington State University, drafted a $65 million economic recovery plan that was put into effect in 2016.[85]

Geography

Whitehorse Mountain seen from Old School Park

Darrington is located in the northeastern reach of Snohomish County in Western Washington, just south of the Skagit County border. It is 28 miles (45 km) east of Arlington, the nearest city, and 74 miles (119 km) northeast of Seattle.[86] According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 1.67 square miles (4.33 km2), of which, 1.65 square miles (4.27 km2) is land and 0.02 square miles (0.05 km2) is water.[87]

Darrington is situated on a

Cascade Mountains, including the 6,852-foot (2,088 m) Whitehorse Mountain.[88][89]

The plain was formed by

fault line that last produced a major earthquake less than 500 years ago.[90][91] Soil in The Darrington area is primarily composed of glacial sands and gravels that have deposits of various mineral ores, including gold, silver, copper, lead, zinc, antimony, arsenic, mercury, and iron.[92]

Climate

Darrington has a general climate similar to most of the Puget Sound lowlands and the Cascades foothills, with dry summers and mild, rainy winters moderated by a marine influence from the

snowfall than other cities in the county due to being in the mountains, with 10 to 15 days on average and approximately 39 inches (99 cm) of snowfall annually since 1911.[88][94]

July is Darrington's warmest month, with average high temperatures of 77.5 

warm-summer Mediterranean climate (Csb).[95]

Climate data for Darrington, Washington
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 74
(23) 		70
(21) 		82
(28) 		91
(33) 		103
(39) 		105
(41) 		107
(42) 		105
(41) 		104
(40) 		94
(34) 		77
(25) 		65
(18) 		107
(42)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 40.8
(4.9) 		45.9
(7.7) 		52.1
(11.2) 		59.5
(15.3) 		66.3
(19.1) 		70.6
(21.4) 		77.5
(25.3) 		77.4
(25.2) 		71.1
(21.7) 		60.3
(15.7) 		47.8
(8.8) 		41.6
(5.3) 		59.2
(15.1)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 27.7
(−2.4) 		29.6
(−1.3) 		32.8
(0.4) 		36.5
(2.5) 		42.4
(5.8) 		47.5
(8.6) 		50.0
(10.0) 		50.3
(10.2) 		45.2
(7.3) 		39.0
(3.9) 		33.3
(0.7) 		29.7
(−1.3) 		38.7
(3.7)
Record low °F (°C) −14
(−26) 		−11
(−24) 		0
(−18) 		20
(−7) 		20
(−7) 		31
(−1) 		30
(−1) 		24
(−4) 		24
(−4) 		16
(−9) 		−4
(−20) 		−10
(−23) 		−14
(−26)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 11.84
(301) 		8.73
(222) 		8.44
(214) 		5.16
(131) 		3.60
(91) 		2.83
(72) 		1.43
(36) 		1.63
(41) 		3.62
(92) 		7.39
(188) 		11.84
(301) 		12.85
(326) 		79.35
(2,015)
Average precipitation days 17 14 16 13 12 11 6 7 9 13 16 17 151
Source: Western Regional Climate Center[94]

Economy

lumber mill
, Darrington's largest employer

Darrington's largest industry remains

bingo hall that employs 50 people.[103]

A 2015

unemployment rate of 9.3 percent.[104] The most common employers for Darrington residents are in manufacturing (23.8 percent), followed by educational and health services (17.6 percent), retail (13.7 percent), and public administration (10.5 percent).[104] Approximately 9.9 percent of Darrington residents also work within the town, while 13 percent commute to Everett, 6.4 percent work in Seattle, and 5.7 percent work in Arlington.[105] The average one-way commute for the town's workers is approximately 36.5 minutes; 85.3 percent of commuters drove alone to their workplace, while 6.8 percent carpooled and 6.2 percent walked or used other modes of transport.[104]

Demographics

Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
1950921—
19601,27238.1%
19701,094−14.0%
19801,064−2.7%
19901,042−2.1%
20001,1369.0%
20101,34718.6%
20201,4628.5%
U.S. Decennial Census[106]

Darrington is the third-smallest incorporated place in Snohomish County, ahead of

multi-family units reported in 2010.[112]

According to 2012 estimates by the U.S. Census Bureau, Darrington has a median family income of $60,750, and a

depressed and has median household incomes that are far below the Snohomish County average.[114]

2010 census

As of the

racial makeup of the town was 92.4 percent White, 2.4 percent Native American, 0.4 percent Asian, 0.5 percent from other races, and 4.2 percent from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race were 3.2 percent of the population.[115]

There were 567 households, of which 30.9 percent had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.8 percent were married couples living together, 9.5 percent had a female householder with no husband present, 7.2 percent had a male householder with no wife present, and 38.4 percent were non-families. Individuals made up 32.6 percent of all households; and 13.1 percent had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.37 and the average family size was 2.96.[115]

The median age in the town was 41.4 years. Residents under the age of 18 accounted for 22.7 percent of the population, 7.7 percent were between the ages of 18 and 24, 24.9 percent were from 25 to 44, 28.1 percent were from 45 to 64 and 16.6 percent were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 50.9 percent male and 49.1 percent female.[115]

2000 census

As of the

2000 census, there were 1,136 people, 473 households, and 292 families residing in the town. The population density was 1,171.9 people per square mile (452.2/km2). There were 505 housing units at an average density of 520.9 per square mile (201/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 94.98 percent White, 1.67 percent Native American, 0.35 percent Asian, 0.26 percent from other races, and 2.73 percent from two or more races. Hispanic of Latino residents of any race were 1.23 percent of the population.[116]

There were 473 households, out of which 30.9 percent had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49 percent were married couples living together, 8.7 percent had a female householder with no husband present, and 38.1 percent were non-families. 31.7 percent of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.6 percent had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.40 and the average family size was 3.08.[116]

In the town, the age distribution of the population shows 27.1 percent under the age of 18, 6.9 percent from 18 to 24, 27.5 percent from 25 to 44, 21.9 percent from 45 to 64, and 16.6 percent who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.6 males.[116]

The median income for a household in the town was $32,813, and the median income for a family was $44,063. Males had a median income of $36,429 versus $25,625 for females. The per capita income for the town was $17,384. About 4.7 percent of families and 8.9 percent of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.9 percent of those under age 18 and 6.6 percent of those age 65 or over.[116]

Government and politics

Darrington's town hall, which also houses a public library operated by Sno-Isle Libraries

Darrington is an incorporated

town council members regularly meet twice per month and are elected to four-year terms alongside the mayor.[119] The current mayor, Dan Rankin, a sawmill owner and former councilmember, was elected in 2011; he has twice been re-elected.[120]

The town government handles and manages public safety, public works, administration, and parks and recreation.

utility services.[122] The mayor and town council appoint a clerk treasurer and the heads of various government departments.[117]

As of 2016[update], the town government employs seven people and has an annual budget of $3 million.[117][needs update] The town has an independent fire department with two stations, but contracts with the Snohomish County Sheriff for policing and emergency services.[123][124] The town also has a public library branch operated by the Sno-Isle Libraries system and located in the town hall complex, which was built in 1990 and expanded in 2008.[125][126] The town lacks home delivery of mail, requiring residents to use the local post office.[127]

At the federal level, Darrington is part of the 8th congressional district, which encompasses the eastern portions of the Snohomish, King, and Pierce counties as well as the entirety of Chelan and Kittitas counties.[128] The town was part of the 1st congressional district until 2022.[129] At the state level, Darrington shares the 39th legislative district with Lake Stevens, Granite Falls, and eastern Skagit County.[130] The city lies in the Snohomish County Council's 1st district, which includes most of the county north of Everett and Lake Stevens.[131][132]

While Snohomish County as a whole favors the Democratic Party in elections, Darrington has generally supported Republican candidates. During the 2016 U.S. presidential election, Darrington had the highest percentage of votes in Snohomish County for Republican Donald Trump, at 61 percent compared to 33 percent for Democrat Hillary Clinton, who carried the county. Similarly, in the same year's gubernatorial election, 59 percent of Darrington voters preferred Republican Bill Bryant over incumbent Democrat Jay Inslee, who was re-elected.[133] Some Democrats have succeeded in Darrington, however. In the 2012 presidential election, Barack Obama won the town with 52 percent of the vote.[133]

Culture

Darrington describes itself as a self-sufficient and tight-knit community, owing to its isolation and small population.

volunteerism, which it sometimes relies on in lieu of municipal services.[89][139]

Events and festivals

The host grounds of the Darrington rodeo

Darrington has a community events complex and park located 3 miles (4.8 km) west of the town, which is home to several annual events, including a

Bluegrass festival.[140] The Darrington Timberbowl Rodeo began in 1964 and typically draws over a thousand spectators during its two-day run in late June.[141] The rodeo was cancelled in 2013 after an inspection found the venue's bleachers to be unsafe, but $25,000 in repairs funded by state grants allowed it to resume the following year.[142] The Timberbowl Rodeo is named for a former festival that was held annually in late June from 1946 to 1967, and featured various logging events and competitions in addition to a town parade.[45][143][144]

The Darrington Bluegrass Festival is held for three days every July and was started in 1977 by descendants of Appalachian transplants to the area.[145] The festival draws around 10,000 people, including visitors who use an adjacent campground and participate in communal jam sessions. Prominent Bluegrass groups, including Bill Monroe, the Gibson Brothers, and Rural Delivery, have performed at Darrington's Whitehorse Mountain Amphitheater.[142][146] From 2006 to 2019, the amphitheater also hosted the Summer Meltdown jam festival in early August, which attracted a wide variety of musical acts.[147] The four-day event typically drew 4,000 visitors and 40 acts, as well as art pieces that were installed around the campgrounds.[148] Both festivals were cancelled in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[149]

The town also has several other annual events, including Darrington Day in late May, a

Fourth of July parade, and a street fair in July.[150][151] Darrington formerly hosted an annual wildflower festival and an annual Christian music festival in the 1990s during the transition to a tourism-based economy.[62][110]

Media

With no local newspaper, events in Darrington are covered by Everett's daily newspaper, the Herald, a daily publication from Everett, and the weekly Arlington Times. The town's first newspaper, named The Wrangler, was published from 1907 to 1915 by the Darrington Literary Society. A second newspaper, The Darrington News, was published for two years from 1947 to 1949 and was followed by the Timber Bowl Tribune, which was printed in Darrington and Concrete using a plant owned by The Concrete Herald. The Tribune was active from 1955 to 1958, when it was folded into the Arlington Times.[152][153]

Parks and recreation

The headquarters of the Darrington Ranger District, a unit of the Mount Baker–Snoqualmie National Forest

Darrington is surrounded by the

whitewater rafting courses along the Sauk and Suiattle rivers.[155][156] The Mountain Loop Highway connects Darrington to various scenic areas, including birdwatching hotspots and the Pacific Crest Trail system.[157]

The town government also maintains several small parks in Darrington, totaling 24 acres (9.7 ha) of open space.

community center that was built in 1954 and typically functions as a gymnasium and gathering space.[139]

Historic preservation

The town has a small

Green Mountain Lookout Heritage Protection Act by the U.S. Congress in 2014 provided funds for a restoration project.[166][167]

Notable people

Education

The

high school.[171][174] The mascot for the school is the Darrington Loggers, named after the town's historic principal industry. Loggers teams have won state championships in various sports during the 1950s, 1980s, and 1990s.[175]

Infrastructure

Transportation

Looking westbound on State Route 530 as it leaves Darrington

Darrington is located along

scenic byway that runs 54 miles (87 km) south through the Cascades and west to Granite Falls. It is closed in the winter and is considered unsuitable for commercial traffic, in part due to a 14-mile (23 km) dirt and gravel section.[179][180]

The area is also served by

rush hour.[181][182] The Sauk-Suiattle Indian Tribe operates a bus route serving Darrington, its reservation, and Concrete. It has six daily round trips and launched in 2016 with grants from the state and federal governments.[183]

The Whitehorse Trail, a recreational trail for hikers, cyclists, and horseback riders, is being developed by the county government to connect Darrington with Arlington. It follows the Northern Pacific's 1901 route, sold to the county in 1993.[184][185] The town government operates a small airport, Darrington Municipal Airport, which has a single paved runway suitable for general aviation and other activities.[186]

Utilities

air quality.[192][193]

Ziply Fiber is the only land-based provider of Internet and telephone service to Darrington, using a fiber-optic cable laid along State Route 530.[194] The state government awarded a $16.5 million grant in 2022 to improve broadband and fiber service in northern Snohomish County, including Darrington.[195] A non-profit internet provider was started by local residents in 2017 to address the lack of broadband service in the area.[196]

The town government provides water from a pair of wells, and

sewer system, instead relying on septic tanks.[198][199] The town government has considered installing a sewage system several times in the 1990s and 2000s, but those plans have stalled due to the $6.5 million cost (as estimated in 2000) and the land needed for a treatment plant.[64] Solid waste and recycling collection is contracted out by the town government to Waste Management.[192]

Health care

Darrington's nearest

general hospital is the Cascade Valley Hospital in Arlington.[200] The town also has a medical clinic operated by Skagit Regional Health and staffed by a single doctor.[201] The clinic was established in 1958 and operated by Cascade Valley Hospital until it was absorbed into the Skagit system.[202] The town has periodically gone for years without a doctor, notably substituting a registered nurse to provide the majority of medical care in the early 1970s.[203] Darrington's lone pharmacy was established in 1917 and closed in 2023 after its owner was unable to sell the business.[204] The nearest pharmacy is in Arlington, a 56-mile (90 km) round trip.[205]

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