David Julius

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David Julius
post-doctoral training)
SpouseHolly Ingraham
Awards
Scientific career
FieldsPhysiology
Biochemistry
Neuroscience
InstitutionsUniversity of California, San Francisco
ThesisProtein processing and secretion in yeast: biosynthesis of α-factor mating pheromone (1984)
Doctoral advisorJeremy Thorner
Randy Schekman
Other academic advisorsRichard Axel[1]
Alexander Rich

David Jay Julius (born November 4, 1955) is an American physiologist and Nobel Prize laureate known for his work on molecular mechanisms of pain sensation and heat, including the characterization of the TRPV1 and TRPM8 receptors that detect capsaicin, menthol, and temperature. He is a professor at the University of California, San Francisco.

Julius won the 2010

Life Science and Medicine and the 2020 Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences.[2][3] He was awarded the 2021 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine jointly with Ardem Patapoutian.[4]

Early life and education

Julius was born to an

Ashkenazi Jewish family (from Russia) in Brighton Beach, Brooklyn, New York City,[5] where he attended Abraham Lincoln High School.[6] He earned his undergraduate degree from Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1977. He attained his doctorate from University of California, Berkeley in 1984, under joint supervision of Jeremy Thorner and Randy Schekman, where he identified Kex2 as the founding member of furin-like proprotein convertases.[7] In 1989, he completed his post-doctoral training with Richard Axel at Columbia University where he cloned and characterized the serotonin 1c receptor.[8]

While at Berkeley and Columbia, Julius became interested in how

lysergic acid diethylamide work, which led him to look more broadly into how things from nature interact with human receptors.[6]

Research career

Nobel Prize work

He started his career as faculty at the University of California, San Francisco in 1989.[9][10] In 1997, Julius's lab cloned and characterized TRPV1 which is the receptor that detects capsaicin, the chemical in chili peppers that makes them "hot".[11] They found that TRPV1 also detects noxious heat (thermoception).[11][12] TRPV1 is part of a large family of structurally related TRP (transient receptor potential) cation channels. Animals that lack TRPV1 (using genetic knockouts of the protein) lose sensitivity to noxious heat and capsaicin.[13]

Julius's lab has also cloned and characterized TRPM8 (CMR1) and TRPA1, both members of the TRP superfamily. They demonstrated that TRPM8 detects menthol and cooler temperatures[14][15] and TRPA1 detects mustard oil (allyl isothiocyanate).[16] These observations suggested that TRP channels detect a range of temperatures and chemicals. David Julius's lab has also made contributions to the study of nociception by discovering toxins that modulate these channels,[17] describing unique adaptations of the channels in diverse species[18] and solving the cryo-EM structures of numerous channels.[19][20]

Julius in 2022

From 2007–2020 Julius served as the editor of the peer-reviewed journal the Annual Review of Physiology.[21][22]

Awards

In 2000, Julius was awarded the inaugural

BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award.[27]

In 2021, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine jointly with Ardem Patapoutian for their discoveries of receptors for temperature and touch.[28]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Julius Lab at UCSF Mission Bay | David Julius Lab". Archived from the original on May 23, 2013. Retrieved November 30, 2013.
  2. ^ "Julius Named to Receive the Shaw Prize". ucsf.edu. Archived from the original on April 29, 2019. Retrieved December 5, 2016.
  3. ^ "David Julius, PhD 49th Faculty Research Lecture Award". senate.ucsf.edu. Archived from the original on August 1, 2020. Retrieved December 5, 2016.
  4. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2021". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on October 4, 2021. Retrieved October 4, 2021.
  5. ^ Hanau, Shira (October 4, 2021). "Scientist David Julius, whose grandparents fled antisemitism in Czarist Russia, wins Nobel Prize in medicine". Jewish Telegraphic Agency. Retrieved October 4, 2021.
  6. ^ a b Mueller, Benjamin; Santora, Marc; Engelbrecht, Cora (October 4, 2021). "Nobel Prize Awarded for Research About Temperature and Touch". New York Times. Retrieved October 5, 2021.
  7. ProQuest 303332941
    .
  8. PMID 3399891
    .
  9. ^ "David Julius '77 shares the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine". MIT News | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Retrieved October 7, 2021.
  10. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2021". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved October 7, 2021.
  11. ^
    S2CID 7970319
    .
  12. S2CID 2054891
    .
  13. PMID 10764638
    .
  14. S2CID 4340358
    .
  15. S2CID 4427901
    .
  16. S2CID 4354737
    .
  17. PMID 22094702
    .
  18. PMID 20228791
    .
  19. PMID 24305160
    .
  20. PMID 24305161
    .
  21. doi:10.1146/annurev.ph.69.013107.100001
    .
  22. ^ "Editor of the Annual Review of Physiology - Volume 82, 2020". Annual Reviews. Retrieved July 26, 2021.
  23. ^ "David Julius – Gairdner Foundation". Gairdner Foundation. Archived from the original on October 22, 2020. Retrieved November 1, 2018.
  24. ^ "The 2017 HFSP Nakasone Award goes to David Julius | Human Frontier Science Program". www.hfsp.org. Archived from the original on November 9, 2018. Retrieved November 9, 2018.
  25. ^ "Breakthrough Prize – Winners Of The 2020 Breakthrough Prize In Life Sciences, Fundamental Physics And Mathematics Announced". breakthroughprize.org. Archived from the original on December 14, 2019. Retrieved October 4, 2021.
  26. ^ "2020 Kavli Prize in Neuroscience". www.kavliprize.org. Archived from the original on June 15, 2020. Retrieved May 27, 2020.
  27. ^ "homepage". Premios Fronteras. Archived from the original on September 21, 2021. Retrieved October 4, 2021.
  28. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2021". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on October 4, 2021. Retrieved October 4, 2021.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to David Julius.
Scholia has a profile for David Julius (Q1174906).
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