David Keirsey

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David Keirsey
Born(1921-08-31)August 31, 1921
Oklahoma
DiedJuly 30, 2013(2013-07-30) (aged 91)
CitizenshipAmerican
Alma materPomona College
Claremont Graduate University
Known forPlease Understand Me,
Keirsey Temperament Sorter
Scientific career
FieldsPersonality psychology
Institutionsformerly California State University

David West Keirsey (

counseling
and the coaching of children and adults.

Early life, education and professional experience

Keirsey was born in

public schools, engaged in corrective interventions intended to help troubled and troublesome children stay out of trouble. Over the next eleven years at California State University, Fullerton
, he trained corrective counselors to identify deviant habits of children, parents, and teachers, and to apply techniques aimed at enabling them to abandon such habits.

Development of temperament theories

Keirsey has written extensively about his model of four

Rational
) and sixteen role variants. His research and observation of human behavior started after he returned from World War II, when he served in the Pacific as a Marine fighter pilot.

Keirsey traced his work back to

Milton Erickson, and Erving Goffman. He considered himself the last of the Gestalt psychologists.[3]

In 1921,

behavioral sciences: anthropology, biology, ethology, psychology, and sociology. While Myers wrote mostly about the Jungian psychological functions, which are mental processes, Keirsey focused more on how people use words in sending messages and use tools in getting things done, which are observable actions. Keirsey performed an in-depth, systematic analysis and synthesis of aspects of personality for temperament, which included the temperament's unique interests, orientation, values, self-image, and social roles.[5]

Keirsey's theory blended the sixteen Myers-Briggs types with Ernst Kretschmer's model of four "temperament types", which Keirsey traced back to the classical Greek philosophers, Plato and Aristotle, as well as other ancient writers.[5]

Myers grouped types according to dominant cognitive function,[6] as follows:

  • Introverted Thinking: INTPs and ISTPs
  • Introverted Intuition: INFJs and INTJs
  • Introverted Feeling: INFPs and ISFPs
  • Introverted Sensing: ISTJs and ISFJs
  • Extraverted Feeling: ENFJs and ESFJs
  • Extraverted Thinking: ENTJs and ESTJs
  • Extraverted iNtuition: ENFPs and ENTPs
  • Extraverted Sensing: ESFPs and ESTPs

Keirsey, however, influenced by Kretschmer's types (Hyperesthetics, Anesthetics, Melancholics, and Hypomanics), grouped the types differently, arguing that the four NFs (iNtuitive/Feeling types) were Hyperesthetic (oversensitive), the four NTs (iNtuitive/Thinking) were Anesthetic (insensitive), the four SJs (Sensing/Judging) were Melancholic (depressive), and the four SPs (Sensing/Perceiving) were Hypomanic (excitable). At the time (mid-1950s), Keirsey was mainly interested in the relationship between temperament and abnormal behavior, finding that Ernst Kretschmer and his disciple William Sheldon were the only ones who wrote about this relationship.

ADHD controversy

As a clinical psychologist, Keirsey regarded the prescription of

psychotropic stimulants as a treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), where activity or temperament of school children is considered disruptive to classroom proceedings, as not only unnecessary but harmful to these children. He was an ardent critic of what he saw as an "epidemic abuse of children", and claimed to be successful in the management of such children by applying what he called the "method of logical consequences".[7]

Keirsey asserted that

Artisan temperament
, meaning concrete in thought and speech, and utilitarian in implementing goals.

See also

References

  1. ^ "My Father, The Greatest, and Of the Greatest Generation", Obituary by his son, David Mark Keirsey, 14 August 2013.
  2. ^ "A Turning Point". 30 July 2015.
  3. ^ "A Turning Point", Annual Tribute, David Mark Keirsey, 31 July 2015.
  4. ISBN 0-691-09770-4
    .
  5. ^
    ISBN 1-885705-02-6
    .
  6. ISBN 0-89106-074-X
    .
  7. ^ "Abuse it – Lose it". 26 June 2020. Retrieved 2021-07-23.
  8. ^ "The Great A.D.D. Hoax". 19 October 2019. Retrieved 2020-03-27.

External links

Wikiquote has quotations related to Psychological Type.
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