Dawlish
Dawlish | ||
---|---|---|
Shire county | ||
Region | ||
Country | England | |
Sovereign state | United Kingdom | |
Post town | DAWLISH | |
Postcode district | EX7 | |
Dialling code | 01626 | |
Police | Devon and Cornwall | |
Fire | Devon and Somerset | |
Ambulance | South Western | |
UK Parliament | ||
Dawlish
Description
Dawlish is located at the outlet of a small river, Dawlish Water (also called The Brook), between Permian red sandstone cliffs, and is fronted by a sandy beach with the South Devon Railway sea wall and the Riviera Line railway above. Behind this is a central public park, The Lawn, through which Dawlish Water flows.
Immediately to the south-west of Dawlish is a headland, Lea Mount, with Boat Cove at its foot and Coryton Cove, the furthest part of the beach accessible by the seawall path behind it. There is an Italian food kiosk there. To the north-east, via the beach or seawall, the coast can be followed for some 2 km to Langstone Rock and the resort of Dawlish Warren beyond.
Dawlish is also known for its black swans (Cygnus atratus), introduced from Western Australia, which live with other exotic waterfowl in a small urban sanctuary on Dawlish Water.[6] There are several attractions in and around the town, such as beaches, safari mini-golf, a waterfowl centre, a theatre, a leisure centre with a pool, a countryside park, and the Dawlish Museum.
Toponymy
The name Dawlish derives from a Welsh river name meaning black stream. There was also a Roman translation of Dolfisc, meaning 'Dark river' and 'The Devils Water'. It was first recorded in 1044 as Doflisc. By 1086 it was Dovles; in 1302, Dovelish; and by 1468 it had become the more recognisable Dawlisshe.[7]
History
Before Dawlish itself was settled, fishermen and salt makers came down from the higher ground where they lived, to take advantage of the natural resources available on the coast hereabouts. They built
The earliest settlement at Dawlish grew up almost a mile away from the coast, around the area where the parish church is today.[9] There is evidence of early settlements at Aller Farm, Smallacombe, Lidwell and at Higher and Lower Southwood, where the ground would have been fertile and not subject to flooding.[8]
The land that includes present-day Dawlish was granted by
Little of note happened at Dawlish until the end of the 18th century,
In the first decade of the 19th century the land between the original settlement and the sea was "landscaped"; the stream was straightened, small waterfalls were built into it, and it was flanked by a broad lawn and rows of new houses: The Strand on the north side and Brunswick Place on the south. The layout survives remarkably unchanged today,[9][13] despite severe damage from a torrent of water coming down Dawlish Water from the Haldon Hills on the night of 10 November 1810.[10]
Also worth noting are Manor House and Brook House (both about 1800) and some of the cottages in Old Town Street surviving from the old village. Dawlish's transformation from a fishing settlement to a watering hole for Victorian celebrities is documented at the Dawlish Museum.
Brunel's railway
In 1830,
The railway opened on 30 May 1846 between Exeter St Davids and Newton Abbot. The first passenger train ran in September 1847, but the project was besieged with problems mainly with the leather sealing valve, which after 12 months of use needed replacing at a cost of £25,000. South Devon Railway directors abandoned the project in favour of conventional trains.
Literary connections
After visiting Sidmouth in 1801, Jane Austen spent a long holiday at Dawlish in 1802, later complaining about its "particularly pitiful and wretched library".[15] She mentioned it several times in her 1811 novel Sense and Sensibility.[16] In Charles Dickens' Nicholas Nickleby (1838–39), the protagonist inherits a small farm near Dawlish. The novelist and poet Margaret Holford died in Dawlish on 11 September 1852, aged 84. On 23 March 1818, the Romantic poet John Keats walked the three miles from Teignmouth to Dawlish to visit the Easter Monday fair and subsequently wrote a poem entitled Dawlish Fair, which details a fantasy of seducing a Devon woman.
Notable people
- Thomas Vowler Short (1790–1872), academic and clergyman, & Bishop of Sodor and Man and Bishop of St Asaph.[17]
- Field Marshal Sir John Michel GCB PC (1804–1886), a British Army officer, served in the Crimean War & India.
- Herman Merivale CB (1806–1874), an English civil servant and historian.[18]
- malacologist.[19]
- Colonel Sir Arthur George Hammond VC KCB DSO, (1843–1919), recipient of the Victoria Cross
- H. O. Arnold-Forster (1855–1909), a British politician and writer.[20]
- Captain Henry Singleton Pennell VC (1874–1907), recipient of the Victoria Cross
- Igerna Sollas (1877–1965), a British zoologist, palaeontologist and geologist
- .
- Paul Britten Austin (1922–2005), author, translator, broadcaster, administrator and scholar of Swedish literature.
- Sir Adrian Frederick Melhuish Smith, PRS (born 1946), statistician and chief executive of the Alan Turing Institute
Transport
Railway
The 2014 storm raised questions about the vulnerability of the
Roads
The A379 road from Exeter to Torbay, Dartmouth and Plymouth runs through the town, parallel to the railway line.
Buses
Buses in the town are provided by Stagecoach South West. Services include Hop 2 from Exeter to Newton Abbot, running at least every 30 minutes; an hourly 2B service to Exeter via Marsh Barton; the hourly Hop 22 from Dawlish Warren to Torquay; and the summer 222 open-top bus from Dawlish Warren to Teignmouth, also hourly. There is a local bus, the 186, which links the town centre, hospital and Sainsbury's to the main housing areas.
Climate
Dawlish has a mild, oceanic climate bordering on a warm to cool
Local produce
During the early and middle part of the 20th century, Dawlish became known for Devon Violets perfume. Hundreds of varieties were grown in market gardens surrounding the town. Violet escapees can be found growing wild across the area. Lately the town has become known for growing
Retail and employment
Centred on The Strand, Queen Street, Brunswick Place and Park Road, Dawlish has typical retail facilities for a resort town with gift shops, cafes, a fishing tackle shop, beach/toy shops, bakeries, restaurants and pubs, haberdasheries, ice-cream shops, national chains and many independent retailers. Along Piermont Place, by Dawlish railway station and the seafront, are further ice-cream shops, a restaurant, a cafe and a sports-bar with outdoor seating areas. In recent years, a number of art, craft and antiques shops have opened. At the north-eastern end of the town there is a Sainsbury's supermarket with an Argos facility and a petrol station.
The largest employment sector in the town is health and social work (23 per cent), due to a large number of care homes, followed by accommodation and food services (20 per cent).
Religion
The town's places of worship:
- Hope Church (DCF)[31]
- Dawlish Baptist Church[32]
- Dawlish Methodist Church
- Dawlish Strand Church (United Reformed)[33]
- St Agatha's Church (Roman Catholic)[34]
- St Gregory's Church (Anglican)[35]
Schools and education
The primary schools in Dawlish are Gatehouse Primary School,[36] Westcliff Primary School and Orchard Manor School.[37] Dawlish College[38] (formerly Dawlish Community College) in Elm Grove Road is the main secondary school. Oakwood Court College is a specialist residential college based in Dawlish, with a satellite college in Torpoint.
Governance
Locally, Dawlish is governed by Dawlish Town Council, which is currently controlled by the
Twinning
Dawlish is
See also
References
- ^ "Dawlish". City population. Retrieved 25 October 2022.
- ^ "Dawlish Town Council". Archived from the original on 6 January 2020. Retrieved 21 November 2019.
- ^ "City Population. Retrieved 3 January 2021". Archived from the original on 25 November 2020. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
- ^ Office for National Statistics: Census 2001 : Parish Headcounts : Teignbridge Archived 24 May 2013 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 27 January 2010.
- ^ "Dawlish profile". Archived from the original on 23 July 2021. Retrieved 5 June 2019.
- ^ Black Swans and other waterfowl Archived 23 April 2015 at the Wayback Machine, Dawlish Town Council website.
- ISBN 978-0-521-16855-7.
- ^ a b "Dawlish History Introduction". dawlish.com. Archived from the original on 30 June 2012. Retrieved 17 June 2012.
- ^ ISBN 0-7153-5577-5.
- ^ a b c Worth, R. N. (1895). A History of Devonshire. London: Elliot Stock. pp. 314–315.
- ^ Robinson, A. "Finds record for: PUBLIC-162E15". The Portable Antiquities Scheme. Retrieved 27 August 2022.
- ISBN 0-86114-750-2.
- ISBN 0-14-071050-7.
- ISBN 0-7153-4107-3.
- ^ "Jane Austen... Dawlish and Sidmouth" (PDF). Devon Libraries. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 17 June 2012.
- ^ "Jane Austen Gazetteer – Sense and Sensibility – Dawlish, Devonshire". The Republic of Pemberley. Archived from the original on 1 July 2011. Retrieved 17 June 2012.
- ^ Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 52. 1897. p. 155. .
- ^ Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 18 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 169. .
- ^ Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 52. 1897. pp. 176–177. .
- ^ Dictionary of National Biography (2nd supplement). Vol. 1. 1912. pp. 61–64. .
- ^ "Railway cliff scheme 'on target'". BBC News. 13 October 2004. Archived from the original on 23 July 2021. Retrieved 31 March 2008.
- ^ "Weather could wash away rail link". BBC News. 27 October 2005. Archived from the original on 13 November 2005. Retrieved 31 March 2008.
- ^ Chris Ledgard (27 May 2006). "Brunel railway faces up to the sea". BBC News. Archived from the original on 23 July 2021. Retrieved 31 March 2008.
- ISBN 1-872524-42-7.
- ^ "Dawlish railway repairs halted over safety fears". BBC News. 13 October 2004. Archived from the original on 6 February 2014. Retrieved 31 March 2008.
- ^ "UK storms wash away railway line and leave thousands without power". BBC News. Archived from the original on 5 February 2014. Retrieved 5 February 2014.
- ^ Turner, Lauren (7 February 2014). "How do you fix the Dawlish problem?". BBC News. Archived from the original on 8 February 2014. Retrieved 8 February 2014.
- ^ [1] Archived 5 June 2019 at the Wayback Machine.
- from the original on 15 April 2021. Retrieved 15 April 2021.
- ^ Dawlish weather site Dawlish Climate Averages (2005–2018) Archived 3 February 2017 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Hope Church Website". Archived from the original on 4 June 2017. Retrieved 5 June 2017.
- ^ "Retrieved 5 June 2017". Archived from the original on 21 May 2017. Retrieved 5 June 2017.
- ^ "Retrieved 5 June 2017". Archived from the original on 25 January 2017. Retrieved 5 June 2017.
- ^ "Retrieved 5 June 2017". Archived from the original on 2 March 2017. Retrieved 5 June 2017.
- ^ A Church Near You Retrieved 5 June 2017. Archived 18 June 2012 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ School site Retrieved 15 January 2017. Archived 29 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Retrieved 15 January 2017". Archived from the original on 8 December 2007. Retrieved 2 October 2007.
- ^ "School website". Archived from the original on 6 May 2021. Retrieved 23 July 2021.
- ^ "British Towns Twinned with French Towns". Complete France. Archived from the original on 5 July 2013. Retrieved 4 July 2016.
External links
- Dawlish Town Council
- Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. VI (9th ed.). 1878. p. 848. .
- Dawlish at Curlie
- Dawlish in the Domesday Book