Dawood Ibrahim
Dawood Ibrahim | |
---|---|
Born | |
Wanted by |
|
Wanted since | 1993 |
Dawood Ibrahim (
He was designated a global terrorist by India and the United States in 2003, with a reward of US$25 million on his head for his suspected role in the
He has been reported to live in Karachi, Pakistan, though the government of Pakistan denies it.[13] In 2020, the Indian government sold off Dawood's six properties in his ancestral village in Ratnagiri district in coastal Konkan in Maharashtra. The government organized the e-auction of his properties under the Smugglers and Foreign Exchange Manipulators (Forfeiture of Property) Act (SAFEMA), 1976. In November 2017, Dawood's three properties, including the famous Rounaq Afroz Restaurant, also known as Delhi Zaika, were auctioned off by the government.[14]
Early life
Dawood Ibrahim was born on 26 December 1955 to a
Criminal career
Dawood started committing fraud, theft and robbery while still in his teens. Eventually, he joined the gang of local gangster and don Baashu Dada, part of the local organised crime syndicate. In the late 1970s, he later split from the gang, creating his own gang with his elder brother Shabir Ibrahim Kaskar. After Shabir was killed by the rival Pathan gang, he became the sole boss of his gang, known as the D-Company. He was then chiefly involved in gold smuggling, real estate, extortion and drug trafficking. He fled from India to Dubai in 1986 after being wanted by the Mumbai Police for the murder of Samad Khan. In the following years he further expanded his gang with the help of his second-in-command Chhota Rajan, with his gang having over 5000 members and bringing in tens of crores of rupees in revenue annually by the early 1990s.
He was named by the Indian government as one of the masterminds in the
The
Presently, Ibrahim's criminal activities are terror funding, drug trafficking, gunrunning, extortion and money laundering. He has also heavily invested in real estate in Karachi, Dubai and India. He is believed to control much of the hawala system, which is the very commonly used unofficial system for transferring money and remittances outside the view of official agents. He was linked to the financing of increasing attacks in Gujarat by Lashkar-e-Taiba.[21] In 2006, the government of India handed over to Pakistan, a list of 38 most wanted criminals including Ibrahim.[22] His crime syndicate spreads across Asia, Europe and Africa, with over 40% of its earnings coming from India.[23][24]
1993 Bombay bombings
Dawood is widely believed to have masterminded the March 1993 bombings in Bombay. In 2003, the Indian and United States governments declared Ibrahim a "Global Terrorist." The Indian Deputy Prime Minister Lal Krishna Advani described it as a major development. Ibrahim is currently on India's "Most Wanted List".[21]
In a public discourse in June 2017,
Location
Ibrahim is previously assumed to be living in Pakistan and then in the United Arab Emirates.[28][29][30][31] India says he has shifted to the Pakistan-Afghanistan border. Indian sources add that "Inter-Services Intelligence appeared extremely wary of the new US-Indo cooperation to fight terrorism."[32] On 5 May 2015 MP
According to claims of Indian news media Times Now on 22 August 2015, Dawood was in Karachi, Pakistan. According to said media corporation, they had conversation with a woman in Karachi on 22 August 2015. Transcripts of conversations which were published on the news agency's website, in one conversation she said that she is Dawood's wife and "he is sleeping", while in the second conversation she said that there was no one by that name known to her.[38][39]
According to a dossier prepared by India in August 2015, to be handed over to Pakistan, Ibrahim has nine residences in Pakistan and has three Pakistani passports which he frequently uses to travel.[40]
On 22 August 2020, Pakistan issued two notifications sanctioning key terrorist figures. In it, three addresses of Dawood Ibrahim were listed "White House, Near Saudi Mosque,
Search for Dawood Ibrahim
He was third on Forbes's The World's 10 Most Wanted list from 2010 until it stopped publishing the list in 2011,[43] and is designated a "global terrorist".[44] Many attempts have been made to locate Ibrahim by the Indian intelligence agencies, Research and Analysis Wing and Intelligence Bureau (IB), ever since he went into hiding. His location has been frequently traced to Karachi, Pakistan, a claim which the Pakistani authorities have frequently denied.[45] The claims were further established in August 2015, when a phone call made to his home by an Indian television channel, Times Now, was answered by his wife, who confirmed his presence at their home in Karachi. The Indian intelligence agencies immediately prepared a dossier of Ibrahim which included evidence of his location in Karachi, among other evidence. It was to be presented at the National Security Agency-level talks between the two countries in the same month, which was however, called off due to political reasons.[46][47]
In an interview with India Today, Chhota Rajan, a former aide of Ibrahim, who he later fell out with in 1992, said that, "He [Ibrahim] does travel out of Pakistan once in a while but Karachi is his base."[48]
Chhota Rajan vs Dawood Ibrahim
Chhota Rajan is believed to have assisted intelligence agencies in understanding the activities of the D-Company and its members by using his intimate knowledge of the criminal and its operations from his experience. To reinforce his reputation as a patriotic gangster don, Chhota Rajan threatened to brutally murder those accused of engineering the 1993 Bombay bombings.[49] Saleem ‘Kurla’ in April 1998 followed by Mohammad Jindran in June 1998 and Majeed Khan on 1 March 1999 were shot dead.
It is reported that selective police action against the Ibrahim crime syndicate during the
In February 2010, alleged Chhota Rajan associates gunned down Nepali media baron Jamim Shah point blank in broad daylight as he was driving to his residence on a public road.[53] Shah ostensibly had links with Dawood Ibrahim and was the mastermind of a racket producing counterfeit Indian currency within Nepal. His anti-Indian criminal activities had rankled the Indian government for more than a decade and half prior.[54]
Family
In 2006, Ibrahim's daughter, Mahrukh Ibrahim, married Junaid Miandad, the son of Pakistani cricketer Javed Miandad.[55] In 2011, his daughter Mehreen, 24, married Ayub, a Pakistani – American.[56]
His only son Moin married Saniya, daughter of a London-based businessman on 25 September 2011.[57] Moin lives in Karachi, Pakistan where he teaches in a mosque, having memorized the Qur'an and becoming a Maulana, while being critical of his father's criminal activities.[58]
Several of his family members, including his brother, Iqbal, live in Mumbai.[59]
In popular culture
Ibrahim and his syndicate
The 2018 video game Hitman 2 features a Mumbai crime lord active in the movie industry called "Dawood Rangan" as a target, presumably as a reference to Ibrahim himself.
See also
- List of fugitives from justice who disappeared
- Organised crime in India
- Tiger Memon
- Yakub Memon
- Chhota Shakeel
- Chhota Rajan
References
- ^ "3 students forced to end their 'Dawood hunt' after money runs out". Firstpost.com. Firstpost. 4 February 2014. Retrieved 23 August 2020.
- ^ "Treasury Sanctions Two Indian Nationals and a Company Based in Pakistan for Ties to the South Asian Criminal Network 'D Company'". treasury.gov. Retrieved 8 September 2017.
- ^ "DAWOOD IBRAHIM | United Nations Security Council Subsidiary Organs". un.org. Retrieved 8 September 2017.
- ^ The name on the Mumbai street over terror attacks is Dawood Ibrahim. The Times. 13 July 2011
- ^ "Made outside India". The Economist. Retrieved 20 December 2017.
- ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 20 December 2018.
- ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 20 December 2017.
- First Post. 4 February 2014. Retrieved 25 July 2017.
- ^ "Shaikh, Dawood Hasan". Interpol. Archived from the original on 12 December 2012. Retrieved 30 December 2012.
- ^ Henley, Jon (4 May 2011). "Who is now on the World's Most Wanted list?". The Guardian. Retrieved 22 December 2019.
- ^ "Dawood 4th 'most wanted' criminal on Forbes list". Forbes. (29 April 2008). Retrieved 16 April 2012.
- ^ "Dawood Ibrahim Will Never Face Trial In India; No Closure For Families Of Mumbai Blasts Victims". outlookindia.com/. Retrieved 6 August 2021.
- ^ a b "Now, Pakistan denies presence of Dawood Ibrahim in Karachi, says media claims are baseless". India Today. Retrieved 23 August 2020.
- ^ "Central government sells Dawood Ibrahim's six properties at Ratnagiri". Hindustan Times. 10 November 2020. Retrieved 6 August 2021.
- ^ "10 things to know about Dawood Ibrahim". Hindustan Times. 5 May 2015. Retrieved 19 March 2021.
- ^ "Dawood Ibrahim Latest News, Photos, Videos and Analysis- Indiatoday". India Today. Retrieved 6 February 2024.
- ^ Swami, Praveen (9 April 1999). "Mumbai's mafia wars". Frontline. 16 (7). Retrieved 23 August 2015.
- ^ "IBRAHIM, Dawood". sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov.
- ^ Robert Windrem (11 July 2006). "Possible al-Qaida link to India train attacks". NBC News. Retrieved 10 April 2007.
- ^ India Today Archived 1 December 2008 at the Wayback Machine. Indiatoday.digitaltoday.in (28 November 2008). Retrieved 16 April 2012.
- ^ a b "Dawood Ibrahim is a global terrorist: US". Rediff.com. 17 October 2003. Retrieved 10 April 2007.
- ^ "Bush administration imposes sanctions on India's most wanted criminals Dawood Ibrahim and sai bansod". IndiaDaily. 2 June 2006. Archived from the original on 12 February 2007.
- ^ Chandigarh, India – Main News. The Tribune. (31 December 2000). Retrieved 16 April 2012.
- ^ 'ISI pressured Dawood to carry out Mumbai blasts'. Rediff.com (22 December 2002). Retrieved 16 April 2012.
- ^ "The legend of Ram – a conversation with Ram Jethmalani". Algebra talks. Algebra. Retrieved 13 June 2018.
- ^ "Ram Jethmalani, Sharad Pawar spar over Dawood Ibrahim". India Today. 4 July 2015. Retrieved 13 June 2018.
- ^ "Sharad Pawar: Jethmalani's proposal on Dawood Ibrahim was conditional". The Indian Express. Retrieved 13 June 2018.
- ^ "Dawood Ibrahim was in Pak till April 2013: IPL spot-fixing chargesheet". In.com. Archived from the original on 19 March 2014. Retrieved 12 April 2014.
- ^ "Dawood Ibrahim chased out of Pakistan: PM's special envoy". The Express Tribune. 9 August 2013. Retrieved 12 April 2014.
- ^ "Dawood Ibrahim was in Pak till April 2013: IPL spot-fixing chargesheet-CNN-IBN". IBNLive. 10 August 2013. Archived from the original on 19 October 2013. Retrieved 12 April 2014.
- ^ "Dawood Ibrahim was here but we chased him out, may be in UAE now: Shahryar Khan". The Indian Express. 10 August 2013. Retrieved 12 April 2014.
- ^ ET Bureau (27 October 2014). "ISI shifts underworld don Dawood Ibrahim to Pakistan-Afghanistan border — timesofindia-economictimes". The Economic Times. Economictimes.indiatimes.com. Retrieved 10 August 2015.
- ^ a b "Dawood Ibrahim is in Pakistan, Rajnath assures Lok Sabha". Indian Express. 11 May 2015. Retrieved 19 May 2015.
- ^ "Dawood Ibrahim Whereabouts". IBN Live.
- ^ "Dawood in Pakistan, Will Get Him No Matter What: Rajnath Singh in Parliament". NDTV. 11 May 2015. Retrieved 19 May 2015.
- ^ "Dawood in pakistan". Hindustan Times. 11 May 2015. Archived from the original on 20 May 2015. Retrieved 19 May 2015.
- ^ "Rajnath says Dawood is in Pakistan". India Today. 11 May 2015. Retrieved 19 May 2015.
- ^ "Dawood's wife confirms her husband is in Karachi — The Times of India". Timesofindia.indiatimes.com. Times News Network. 22 August 2015. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
- ^ "TIMES NOW tracks Dawood Ibrahim-News-Exclusives-TIMESNOW.tv — Latest Breaking News, Big News Stories, News Videos". Timesnow.tv. Archived from the original on 24 August 2015. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
- ^ "Dawood Ibrahim has nine residences in Pakistan, Delhi says". gulfnews.com. 23 August 2015. Retrieved 24 August 2015.
- ^ "Where does Dawood Ibrahim live in Karachi? Pakistan has three addresses". Hindustan Times. 23 August 2020. Retrieved 23 August 2020.
- un.org.
- ^ Vardi, Nathan. "The World's 10 Most Wanted Fugitives". Forbes. Retrieved 23 August 2015.
- ^ "Dawood Ibrahim is a global terrorist: US". Rediff. 17 October 2003. Retrieved 23 August 2015.
- ISBN 978-1-4833-7092-7.
- ^ Singh, Vijaota (23 August 2015). "Indian dossier lists don Dawood Ibrahim's Pakistan assets". The Hindu. Retrieved 23 August 2015.
- ^ Chowdhury, Sagnik (23 August 2013). "Dawood Ibrahim's new home in Karachi near Bilawal's residence". The Indian Express. Retrieved 23 August 2015.
- ^ "'I gave the instructions for Wahid's killing'". India Today. 31 January 1996. Retrieved 23 August 2015.
- ^ Chhota Rajan, The ‘Patriotic Don’ – Scroll.IN Reporting
- ^ Joseph, Josy (31 October 2015). "Rajan, a spent force..." The Hindu. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
- ^ Police Action During Mumbai Gang Wars – Press Reader Reporting
- ^ "www.ketan.net". Archived from the original on 24 June 2008. Retrieved 9 October 2008.
- ^ "'Indian' contract killer targets 'Dawood's man' in Nepal jail". Times Of India. 10 March 2011. Retrieved 6 January 2019.
- ^ "Chhota Rajan gang killed Nepal baron". India Today. Retrieved 24 August 2018.
- ^ "Profile: India's fugitive gangster". BBC News. 12 September 2006.
- ^ "Tale behind weddings of Dawood Ibrahim's children : Neighbours, News — India Today". Indiatoday.intoday.in. Retrieved 10 August 2015.
- ^ Deepak Sharma New (28 September 2011). "Dawood's son Moin marries London girl in Karachi". India Today.
- ^ "Dawood Ibrahim's only son becomes 'maulana', gives underworld don fits of depression over legacy". The Express Tribune. 28 November 2017.
- ^ "Unfair to deny passport for being Dawood's brother: Kaskar". 19 November 2009.
- ^ 10 Times Bollywood Actors Crossed Paths With The Underworld, ScoopWhoop, 11 August 2015
- ^ "Akshay to play dreaded don Dawood?". Emirates247. 7 March 2011.