Decane
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| Names | |
|---|---|
| Preferred IUPAC name
Decane[1] | |
| Other names
Decyl hydride
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| Identifiers | |
3D model (
JSmol ) |
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| 1696981 | |
| ChEBI | |
| ChEMBL | |
| ChemSpider | |
| DrugBank | |
ECHA InfoCard
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100.004.262 |
| EC Number |
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| MeSH | decane |
PubChem CID
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RTECS number
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| UNII | |
| UN number | 2247 |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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| Properties | |
| C10H22 | |
| Molar mass | 142.286 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | Colorless liquid |
| Odor | Gasoline-like (in high concentrations) |
| Density | 0.730 g mL−1 |
| Melting point | −30.5 to −29.2 °C; −22.8 to −20.6 °F; 242.7 to 243.9 K |
| Boiling point | 173.8 to 174.4 °C; 344.7 to 345.8 °F; 446.9 to 447.5 K |
| log P | 5.802 |
| Vapor pressure | 195 Pa[2] |
Henry's law
constant (kH) |
2.1 nmol Pa−1 kg−1 |
| -119.74·10−6 cm3/mol | |
Thermal conductivity
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0.1381 W m−1 K−1 (300 K)[3] |
Refractive index (nD)
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1.411–1.412 |
| Viscosity |
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| Thermochemistry | |
Heat capacity (C)
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315.46 J K−1 mol−1 |
Std molar
entropy (S⦵298) |
425.89 J K−1 mol−1 |
Std enthalpy of (ΔfH⦵298)formation |
−302.1–−299.9 kJ mol−1 |
Std enthalpy of (ΔcH⦵298)combustion |
−6779.21–−6777.45 kJ mol−1 |
| Hazards | |
| Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |
Main hazards
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Flammable, moderately toxic |
| GHS labelling: | |
 
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| Danger | |
| H226, H302, H304, H305 | |
| P301+P310, P331 | |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
| Flash point | 46.0 °C (114.8 °F; 319.1 K) |
| 210.0 °C (410.0 °F; 483.1 K) | |
Explosive limits
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0.8–2.6% |
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
LD50 (median dose)
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| Safety data sheet (SDS) | hazard.com |
| Related compounds | |
Related alkanes
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Decane is an
nonpolar solvent, and does not dissolve in water, and is readily combustible. Although it is a component of fuels, it is of little importance as a chemical feedstock, unlike a handful of other alkanes.[8]
Reactions
Decane undergoes
alkanes. In the presence of sufficient oxygen, it burns to form water and carbon dioxide
.
- 2 C10H22 + 31 O2 → 20 CO2 + 22 H2O
With insufficient oxygen, carbon monoxide is also formed.
Physical properties
It has a surface tension of 0.0238 N·m−1.[9]
See also
- Higher alkanes
- List of isomers of decane
References
- ^ "decane - Compound Summary". PubChem Compound. USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information. 16 September 2004. Identification and Related Records. Retrieved 5 January 2012.
- ISBN 0-07-073401-1.
- ^ Touloukian, Y.S., Liley, P.E., and Saxena, S.C. Thermophysical properties of matter - the TPRC data series. Volume 3. Thermal conductivity - nonmetallic liquids and gases. Data book. 1970.
- ISSN 0047-2689.
- ^ "75 Isomers of Decane". The Third Millennium Online! (in Latin). Retrieved 26 July 2021.
- ^ "Petroleum - Chemistry Encyclopedia - reaction, water, uses, elements, examples, gas, number, name". www.chemistryexplained.com. Retrieved 2016-01-28.
- ^ "n-Decane (Annotation)". Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB). National Center for Biotechnology Information. Retrieved 7 July 2022.
- ISBN 3527306730
- ^ Website of Krüss Archived 2013-12-01 at the Wayback Machine (8.10.2009)
External links
Media related to Decane at Wikimedia Commons- Material Safety Data Sheet for Decane Archived 23 January 2011 at the Wayback Machine
- CHEMINFO Decane Archived 5 November 2006 at the Wayback Machine
