Declaration of war by Canada
A declaration of war by Canada is a formal
Second World War
Nazi Germany
After
The
Fascist Italy
On June 10, 1940,
Whereas Italy has declared her intention to enter the war on the side of Germany and against the allied powers; and
Whereas a state of war now exists between the United Kingdom and France on the one hand and Italy, on the other; and
Whereas at the outbreak of war the Parliament of Canada decided to stand at the side of the United Kingdom and France in their determined effort to resist aggression and to preserve freedom;
It is expedient that the houses of Parliament do approve the entry of Canada into a state of war with Italy and that this house does approve the same.[3]
Mackenzie King went on to explain that, after passage of the motion through Parliament, it would be presented, via Cabinet, to the King for his approval and a
Japan, Finland, Hungary, and Romania
Parliament adjourned on November 14, 1941, and was not scheduled to return until January 21, 1942.[3] However, at the urging of the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom declared war on Finland on December 6, 1941.[17] At the UK's urging, the Canadian Cabinet the next day issued a royal proclamation declaring war on Finland,[17] Hungary, and Romania, three countries that had recently allied themselves with Nazi Germany.[3]
Coincidentally, also on December 7, 1941 (December 8 in Japan), the
These proclamations were presented by Mackenzie King to the House of Commons when parliament returned on its scheduled date. Therein, the Prime Minister tabled motions for parliamentary approval of the declarations of war,[3] although permission from the legislators was not legally required. According to his diary, Mackenzie King told himself the latest declarations of war were "all part of the same war," meaning the war that had begun for Canada on September 10, 1939. The Prime Minister had thus decided there was no need for Parliament to be reconvened earlier than scheduled. Still, Parliament having not been sitting when war was declared on Japan, Romania, Finland, and Hungary was concerning to Mackenzie King. [3]
Since the Second World War
While Canada has participated in a number of conflicts since the Second World War, the country has not declared war in any of them. Even before that war officially ended for Canada by royal proclamation in 1951,
Canada has since repeatedly supported the UN and cooperative action in ensuring international peace. As such. the
After the Canadian Forces Act received royal assent on September 9, 1950, the Governor General-in-Council issued Order-in-Council PC 1950-4365, assigning a number of Canadian Armed Forces members to the Korean War and placing all Canadian military personnel on active service. As a result of that order, and subsequent amendments, the Canadian Armed Forces have effectively been on active duty since 1950.[3]
See also
- Monarchy of Canada and the Canadian Armed Forces
- Military history of Canada
- List of conflicts in Canada
- Military history of Canada during World War II
- Declarations of war by Great Britain and the United Kingdom
- Declaration of war by the United States
References
- ^ Canadian Forces: 6. Archived from the originalon 23 September 2012. Retrieved 23 May 2011.
- ^ a b c d e f g h "1939: King prepares Canada for war with Germany". CBC Digital Archives. Archived from the original on 2008-12-10. Retrieved May 23, 2011.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Rossignol, Michael (August 1992), Parliament, the National Defence Act, and the Decision to Participate, Queen's Printer for Canada, retrieved 8 February 2023
- ^ Granatstein, J. L. (September 9, 2009), "Going to war? 'Parliament will decide'", The Globe and Mail
- ^ Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade of Canada. "Canada and the World: A History — 1939 - 1945: The World at War". Queen's Printer for Canada. Archived from the originalon February 25, 2011. Retrieved May 23, 2011.
- ^ High Commission of Canada in the United Kingdom, p. 2, retrieved May 23, 2011[permanent dead link]
- ^ [2][4][5][6]
- ISBN 978-0-19-921423-5, retrieved 28 April 2023
- ^ Donald Creighton, The Forked Road: Canada 1939-1957, McClelland and Stewart, 1976, p.2.
- ^ Brode, Patrick (1 May 2006), "War power and the Royal Prerogative", Law Times, Thomson Reuters Canada Ltd., archived from the original on 22 November 2012, retrieved 2 August 2012
- ^ a b c d "Allies take Sicily". CBC Digital Archives. Retrieved May 23, 2011.
- ^ [2][4][5][6][11]
- ^ Canada at War, Office of Director of Public Information of Canada, 1941, p. 7
- ^ Railway Carmen's Journal, vol. 47–48, Brotherhood Railway Carmen of the United States and Canada, Brotherhood Railway Carmen of America, 1942
- ^ Debates, vol. 3, House of Commons of Canada, 1942, p. 2537
- ^ [13][14][15]
- ^ a b Lindström, Varpu. "History of Finland-Canada Relations". Embassy of Finland, Ottawa. Archived from the original on May 17, 2011. Retrieved May 23, 2011.
- ^ "Canada Declares War on Japan". Inter-Allied Review via ibiblio. December 15, 1941. Retrieved May 23, 2011.
- ^ Stacey, C.P.; Foot, Richard (15 July 2013), "Second World War (WWII)", The Canadian Encyclopedia, Historica Canada, retrieved 8 February 2023