Demographics of Chicago
Demographics of Chicago | |
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Population | 2,665,039 (2022 est.)[1] |
The demographics of Chicago show that it is a large, and
The racial makeup of the city in 2020 was 35.9%
During its first century as a city, Chicago grew at a rate that ranked among the fastest growing in the world. Within the span of forty years, the city's population grew from slightly under 30,000 to over 1 million by 1890. By the close of the 19th century, Chicago was the fifth largest city in the world.[4] Within fifty years of the Great Chicago Fire of 1871, the population had tripled to over 3 million.[5] The city's population peaked in the 1950 Census, although two of the three most recent Censuses as of 2024 have shown moderate growth.
Population
Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
---|---|---|---|
1840 | 4,470 | — | |
1850 | 29,963 | 570.3% | |
1860 | 112,172 | 274.4% | |
1870 | 298,977 | 166.5% | |
1880 | 503,185 | 68.3% | |
1890 | 1,099,850 | 118.6% | |
1900 | 1,698,575 | 54.4% | |
1910 | 2,185,283 | 28.7% | |
1920 | 2,701,705 | 23.6% | |
1930 | 3,376,438 | 25.0% | |
1940 | 3,396,808 | 0.6% | |
1950 | 3,620,962 | 6.6% | |
1960 | 3,550,404 | −1.9% | |
1970 | 3,366,957 | −5.2% | |
1980 | 3,005,072 | −10.7% | |
1990 | 2,783,911 | −7.4% | |
2000 | 2,896,016 | 4.0% | |
2010 | 2,695,598 | −6.9% | |
2020 | 2,746,388 | 1.9% |
In the
Of the 1,061,928 households in the 2000 census, 28.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 35.1% were married couples living together, 18.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.4% were non-families. The median income for a household in the city was $38,625 in 2000, and the median income for a family was $46,748. Males had a median income of $35,907 versus $30,536 for females. Below the poverty line were 19.6% of the population and 16.6% of the families.
Racial and ethnic makeup
2022 United States Census Bureau American Community Survey estimates
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According to 2021 US Census Bureau
The White population is the largest racial category and includes the 10.9% of Hispanics who identify as White, with the remaining Hispanics identifying as Other Race (43.5%), Multiracial (40.1%), Black (1.5%), American Indian and Alaskan Native (3.7%), Asian (0.3%), and Hawaiian and Pacific Islander (0.1%).[7] By ethnicity, 28.8% of the total population is Hispanic-Latino (of any race) and 71.2% is Non-Hispanic (of any race). If treated as a separate category, Hispanics are the largest minority group in Chicago, Illinois.[7]
In 2021, 20.4% of the population was foreign born.[8] Of this, 51.8% came from Latin America, 16.8% from Europe, 24.8% from Asia and 6.6% from other parts of the world. In 1996, Chicago had the sixth highest foreign-born population in the United States.[9]
In 2016, the population of Hispanics exceeded that of Blacks to become Chicago's largest minority group with non-Hispanic Whites representing 32.6% of the population, Hispanics at 29.7% of the population, and Blacks at 29.3% of the population.[10] The large Hispanic population is rather recent, with the segregation between Hispanics and non-Hispanic Whites being low when compared to Blacks and non-Hispanic Whites. Over the years neighborhoods have seen gradual ethnic change with White ethnic neighborhoods like Brighton Park transitioning to Hispanic, while former Latino neighborhoods like West Town transition to majority non-Hispanic White.
The vast majority of Chicago Hispanics are of
The Chicago metropolitan area has
The main ethnic groups in Chicago include
Chicago has a large
The city is the home to a large
Polish people have been prevalent from the city's early history, but the largest waves of immigration were in the late 19th and early 20th centuries; they have been influential in the economic and social development of Chicago. This is one of the most important centers of
Chicago has one of the largest concentrations of
Other prevalent
The city has a large population of
Chicago has the third-largest
There is a substantial Romani community in Chicago. The Roma first came to Chicago during the large waves of Southern and Eastern European immigration to the United States in the 1880s until World War I. They were following Serbian and Hungarian immigrants who found work in the steel mills and factories of the city.[31]
Bosnian population
The first Bosnians settled in Chicago in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, joining other immigrants seeking better opportunities and better lives. As the former Yugoslavia continued to find its identity as a nation over the last century, the people of Bosnia and Herzegovina sought stability and new beginnings in the city of Chicago many intending to return to their homeland. Bosnian Muslims were early leaders in the establishment of Chicago's Muslim community. In 1906, they established Dzemijetul Hajrije (The Benevolent Society) of Illinois to preserve the community's religious and national traditions as well as to provide mutual assistance for funerals and illness. The organization established chapters in Gary, Indiana, in 1913, and Butte, Montana, in 1916, and is the oldest existing Muslim organization in the United States.[32] The Bosnians were the first Muslims in the United States to incorporate an Islamic Association in 1906 in Chicago, Illinois.[33] Today, Chicago and St. Louis are tied for the largest Bosnian population in the United States and the largest Bosnian population outside of Europe, with 70,000 in each city. [34] [35] 40,000 of them came as refugees during the 1990s and early 2000s.[36]
American Community Survey
The city saw an increase of 20,606 people from July 1, 2007 to July 1, 2008, according to census data. This marked the second consecutive year of population increase, while still not yet returning to the official Census 2000 population level. As of the 2007 US Census American Community Survey the largest European ancestries were:[37]
- Irish: (201,836)
- German: (200,392)
- Polish: (179,868)
- Italian: (96,599)
- English: (60,307)
Households
Chicago demographics | |||
2000 Census Data |
Chicago | Illinois | US |
Total population | 2,853,114 | 12,421,906 | |
Population, percent change, 1990 to 2000 | +4.0% | +8.6% | +13.1% |
Population density | 12,750.3/mi2 | 223.4/mi2 | 79.6/mi2 |
Median household income (1999) | $38,625 | $46,590 | $41,994 |
Per capita income (1999) | $20,175 | $23,104 | $21,587 |
Bachelor's degree or higher | 25.5% | 26.1% | 24.4% |
Foreign born | 21.7% | 12.3% | 11.1% |
White | 31.7% | 73.5% | 75.1% |
Black | 32.4% | 15.1% | 12.3% |
Hispanic/Latino origin (of any race) | 28.9% | 12.3% | 12.5% |
Asian | 5.4% | 3.4% | 3.6% |
There were more than 1,061,928 households, of which 28.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 35.1% were married couples living together, 18.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.4% were non-families. Of all households, 32.6% were made up of individuals, and 8.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.67 and the average family size was 3.50.
Of the city population, 26.2% were under the age of 18, 11.2% were from 18 to 24, 33.4% were from 25 to 44, 18.9% from 45 to 64, and 10.3% 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females there were 94.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.1 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $38,625, and the median income for a family was $42,724. Males had a median income of $35,907 versus $30,536 for females. The
Population estimates in 2008 put the number of people in the city proper at 2,853,114, while suburban populations continue to grow, with estimates at 9,785,747 for the combined city and suburbs.
Ethnic groups
LGBT population
Chicago has one of the largest
Religion
Christianity is predominant among the city's population who worship (71%).[41][42] The Chicago metropolitan area also includes adherents of Islam, Buddhism, Hinduism, Jainism, Sikhism, and the Baháʼí Faith, among others.
-
The only Catholic cathedral in Chicago and seat of theArchdiocese of Chicago
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Ebenezer Lutheran Church, Chicago
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Midwest Buddhist Temple
References
- ^ "U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts". www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/chicagocityillinois. Retrieved 2024-01-10.
- ^ "Explore Census Data". data.census.gov. Retrieved 2023-04-05.
- ^ "Explore Census Data". data.census.gov. Retrieved 2023-04-05.
- ^ "What Were the Largest Cities Throughout History?". Geography.about.com. Archived from the original on 20 September 2005. Retrieved 3 October 2017.
- ^ "Chicago Growth 1850–1990: Maps by Dennis McClendon". University Illinois Chicago. Archived from the original on 2012-12-11. Retrieved 2007-08-19.
- ^ U.S. Census Bureau. July 1, 2022. Retrieved December 25, 2022.
- ^ U.S. Census Bureau. July 1, 2021. Retrieved December 25, 2022.
- ^ "Explore Census Data". data.census.gov. Retrieved 2023-04-05.
- ^ Bouvier, Leon F. (March 1996). "Shaping Illinois: The Effects of Immigration, 1970-2020". CIS.org. Retrieved 2020-12-02.
- ^ Chicago Sun Times: "Census: Hispanics surpass blacks as Chicago’s 2nd-largest racial group" by Mitchell Armentrout Archived 2017-09-29 at the Wayback Machine September 14, 2017
- ^ "Census.gov". Census.gov.
- NBC Chicago.
- ^ "Germans". www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org. Archived from the original on October 7, 2014.
- ^ "German Russians in Chicagoland", Newsletter of the American Historical Society of Germans from Russia, March 1995
- ^ a b "Contact Us - Evangelical Lutheran Church in America". Archived from the original on 2006-06-07. Retrieved 2006-06-06.
- ^ Benjamin, Yoab. "Assyrians in Middle America" (PDF).
- ^ a b "A Romanian Museum in Chicago". Romanianmuseum.com. 29 November 2006. Archived from the original on 29 November 2006. Retrieved 3 October 2017.
- ^ "America the diverse – Chicago’s Polish neighborhoods" (5/15/2005)[permanent dead link],USA Weekend Magazine.
- ^ "Italians Archived 2013-11-03 at the Wayback Machine", Encyclopedia of Chicago.
- ^ "Czechs and Bohemians". www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016.
- ^ "Ukrainians". Encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org. Retrieved 3 October 2017.
- ^ "American FactFinder – Results". Factfinder.census.gov. Archived from the original on 2020-02-11. Retrieved 2017-09-27.
- ^ Chicago Stories – Swedes in Chicago (2006). WTTW.com. Accessed June 5, 2006.
- ^ Cities Guide Chicago – A hard-knock life (2006). Economist.com.
- ^ "Chicago is the second-biggest Lithuanian city". The Economist. August 23, 2018.
- ^ "Evangelical Covenant Church (ECC) – The Evangelical Covenant Church". Covchurch.org. Retrieved 3 October 2017.
- ^ Alternative Guide to Chicago, Humboldt Park Archived 2008-07-23 at the Wayback Machine, Office of Multicultural Student Affairs at the University of Chicago.
- ^ "The Sixth Section". POV – American Documentary Inc. Retrieved 3 October 2017.
- ^ "Palestinians", Encyclopedia of Chicago.
- ^ http://www.hanania.com/profiles/LittleArabia.htm] Archived 2006-11-02 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Gypsies". Encyclopedia of Chicago.
- ISBN 9780738551265. Retrieved 3 October 2017 – via Google Books.
- ^ "MONOGRAFIJA 100 GODINA BOŠNJAKA U AMERICI – NAJLJEPŠA HEDIJA". Bosnjaci.net. Retrieved 3 October 2017.
- ^ "ABOUT US". bhacc. Retrieved 2023-07-02.
- ^ "Bosniaks in Chicagoland". UPG North America. Retrieved 2023-07-02.
- ^ "Bosnians". Encyclopedia of Chicago. Retrieved 2014-02-08.
- ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 3 October 2017.
- ^ "San Francisco Metro Area Ranks Highest in LGBT Percentage". Gallup.com. Retrieved 2017-09-27.
- ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2017-09-27.
- ^ Leonor Vivanco (18 April 2016). "Same-sex marriage licenses could hit 10,000 in Cook County this summer". Chicago Tribune.
- ^ Major U.S. metropolitan areas differ in their religious profiles, Pew Research Center
- ^ "America's Changing Religious Landscap". Pew Research Center: Religion & Public Life. May 12, 2015.
External links
- Chicago Historical Society: Global Communities in Chicago Project
- The Italian Community of Chicago
- The German-American Community of Chicago
- The Jewish Community of Chicago
- The Polish Community of Chicago
- Puerto Rican Cultural Center
- Spanish Guide of Chicago
- Turkish-American Community of Chicago
- MCIC (Metro Chicago Information Center)