Demographics of Qatar

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Demographics of Qatar
Population pyramid of Qatar in 2022
Population2,937,800 (2022 est.)
Growth rate1.04% (2022 est.)
Birth rate9.33 births/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Death rate1.42 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Life expectancy79.81 years
 • male77.7 years
 • female81.96 years (2022 est.)
Fertility rate1.9 children born/woman (2022 est.)
Infant mortality rate6.62 deaths/1,000 live births
Net migration rate2.45 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Age structure
0–14 years14.23%
15–64 years84.61%
65 and over1.16%
Sex ratio
Total3.36 male(s)/female (2022 est.)
At birth1.02 male(s)/female
Under 151.02 male(s)/female
65 and over1.13 male(s)/female
Nationality
NationalityQatari
Language
OfficialArabic

Natives of the

Omani tribes. Qatar has about 2.6 million inhabitants as of early 2017, the vast majority of whom (about 92%) live in Doha, the capital.[1] Foreign workers amount to around 88% of the population, the largest of which comprise South Asians, with those from India alone estimated to be around 700,000.[2] Egyptians and Filipinos are the largest non-South Asian migrant group in Qatar. The treatment of these foreign workers has been heavily criticized with conditions suggested to be modern slavery. However the International Labour Organization published report in November 2022 that contained multiple reforms by Qatar for its migrant workers. The reforms included the establishment of the minimum wage, wage protection regulations, improved access for workers to justice, etc. It included data from last 4 years of progress in workers conditions of Qatar. The report also revealed that the freedom to change jobs was initiated, implementation of Occupational safety and health & labor inspection, and also the required effort from the nation's side.[3]

Hindu due to the large amount of Qatar's migrant workers coming from India
.

Bengali are among the most widely spoken languages by the foreign workers.[4]
Education in Qatar is compulsory and free for all citizens 6–16 years old. The country has an increasingly high literacy rate.

Population

2002–2022
YearPop.±% p.a.
1986 369,079—    
1997 522,026+3.20%
2001 676,498+6.69%
2003 713,859+2.72%
2004 744,028+4.23%
2005 906,123+21.79%
2006 1,042,947+15.10%
2007 1,218,250+16.81%
2008 1,448,479+18.90%
2009 1,638,626+13.13%
2010 1,699,435+3.71%
2011 1,732,717+1.96%
2012 1,832,903+5.78%
2013 2,101,288+14.64%
2014 2,172,065+3.37%
2015 2,235,355+2.91%
2016 2,291,368+2.51%
2017 2,338,085+2.04%
2022 2,791,925+3.61%
Source:
Qatar Statistics Authority[5][6]
1950–2010
YearPop.±% p.a.
195025,000—    
196047,000+6.52%
1970108,000+8.68%
1980222,000+7.47%
1990474,000+7.88%
2000591,000+2.23%
20101,759,000+11.52%
Source: United Nations[7]

By nationality

Native Qatarians can be divided into three ethnic groups:

Afro-Arab
. They comprise 11.6% of the country's population.

A 2011–2014 report by the

Nepali Citizens living in Qatar as migrant workers.[8][9][10] In 2012 about 7,000 Turkish nationals lived in Qatar[11] and in 2016 about 1,000 Colombian nationals and descendants lived in Qatar. No official numbers are published of the foreign population broken down by nationality, however a firm provided estimates as of 2019:[12]

Country Number percent
 India 700,000 21.8%
 Bangladesh 400,000 12.5%
 Nepal 400,000 12.5%
 Qatar 330,000 10.5%
 Egypt 300,000 9.35%
 Philippines 236,000 7.36%
 Pakistan 180,000 4.7%
 Sri Lanka 140,000 4.35%
 Sudan 60,000 1.9%
 Syria 54,000 1.8%
 Jordan 51,000 1.6%
 Lebanon 40,000 1.25%
 United States 40,000 1.25%
 Kenya 30,000 1%
 Iran 30,000 1%

Vital statistics

UN estimates

Period Live births per year Deaths per year Natural change per year CBR* CDR* NC* TFR* IMR*
1950–1955 1,000 0 1,000 47.5 13.8 33.7 6.97 126
1955–1960 2,000 0 1,000 44.3 11.3 33.0 6.97 110
1960–1965 2,000 1,000 2,000 41.0 8.8 32.1 6.97 90
1965–1970 4,000 1,000 3,000 38.6 6.8 31.8 6.97 71
1970–1975 5,000 1,000 4,000 34.8 5.2 29.6 6.77 53
1975–1980 7,000 1,000 6,000 35.7 4.0 31.7 6.11 38
1980–1985 10,000 1,000 9,000 33.2 3.1 30.1 5.45 28
1985–1990 11,000 1,000 10,000 25.4 2.5 22.9 4.50 23
1990–1995 11,000 1,000 10,000 22.8 2.2 20.6 4.01 18
1995–2000 10,000 1,000 9,000 19.2 2.1 17.1 3.30 14
2000–2005 13,000 1,000 12,000 18.8 1.9 16.9 3.01 11
2005–2010 18,000 2,000 16,000 14.1 1.6 12.5 2.40 9
* CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); CDR = crude death rate (per 1000); NC = natural change (per 1000); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1000 births; TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman)
Source:[13]

Registered births and deaths

Average population Live births Deaths Natural change Crude birth rate (per 1000) Crude death rate (per 2) Natural change (per 1000) TFR
1970 108,000 3,616 464 3,152 33.4 4.3 29.1
1971 118,000 3,921 491 3,430 33.2 4.2 29.0
1972 129,000 4,038 563 3,475 31.2 4.4 26.8
1973 141,000 4,367 660 3,707 31.0 4.7 26.3
1974 152,000 4,562 688 3,874 30.0 4.5 25.5
1975 163,000 4,559 600 3,959 28.0 3.7 24.3
1976 172,000 4,893 609 4,284 28.4 3.5 24.9
1977 181,000 5,313 686 4,627 29.4 3.8 25.6
1978 190,000 5,977 645 5,332 31.4 3.4 28.0
1979 203,000 6,057 709 5,348 29.8 3.5 26.3
1980 222,000 6,750 662 6,088 30.5 3.0 27.5
1981 246,000 7,192 725 6,467 29.3 3.0 26.3
1982 275,000 8,032 789 7,243 29.2 2.9 26.3
1983 307,000 8,261 803 7,458 26.9 2.6 24.3
1984 338,000 8,613 642 7,971 25.5 1.9 23.6
1985 368,000 9,225 794 8,431 25.1 2.2 22.9
1986 395,000 9,942 784 9,158 25.2 2.0 23.2
1987 420,000 9,919 788 9,131 23.6 1.9 21.7
1988 442,000 10,842 861 9,981 24.5 1.9 22.6
1989 460,000 10,908 847 10,061 23.7 1.8 21.9
1990 474,000 11,022 871 10,151 23.3 1.8 21.5
1991 483,000 9,756 883 8,873 20.2 1.8 18.4
1992 488,000 10,459 944 9,515 21.4 1.9 19.5
1993 491,000 10,822 913 9,909 22.0 1.9 20.1
1994 495,000 10,561 964 9,597 21.3 1.9 19.4
1995 501,000 10,371 1,000 9,371 20.7 2.0 18.7
1996 512,000 10,317 1,015 9,302 20.1 2.0 18.1
1997 529,000 10,447 1,060 9,387 19.8 2.0 17.8
1998 549,000 10,781 1,157 9,624 19.6 2.1 17.5
1999 570,000 10,846 1,148 9,698 19.0 2.0 17.0
2000 591,000 11,438 1,173 10,265 19.4 2.0 17.4
2001 608,000 12,355 1,210 11,145 20.3 2.0 18.3
2002 624,000 12,388 1,220 11,168 19.8 2.0 17.8
2003 654,000 13,026 1,311 11,715 19.9 2.0 17.9
2004 715,000 13,589 1,341 12,248 19.0 1.9 17.1 2.78
2005 821,000 13,514 1,545 11,969 16.5 1.9 14.6 2.62
2006 978,000 14,204 1,750 12,454 14.5 1.8 12.7 2.48
2007 1,178,000 15,695 1,776 13,919 13.3 1.5 11.8 2.45
2008 1,448,000 17,480 1,942 15,538 12.1 1.3 10.8 2.43
2009 1,639,000 18,351 2,008 16,343 11.2 1.2 10.0 2.28
2010 1,715,000 19,504 1,970 17,534 11.4 1.1 10.3 2.08
2011 1,733,000 20,623 1,949 18,674 12.0 1.1 10.9 2.12
2012 1,833,000 21,423 2,031 19,392 11.7 1.1 10.6 2.05
2013 2,004,000 23,708 2,133 21,575 11.8 1.1 10.7 2.00
2014 2,216,000 25,443 2,366 23,007 11.5 1.1 10.4 2.00
2015 2,438,000 26,622 2,317 24,305 10.9 1.0 9.9 2.00
2016 2,618,000 26,816 2,347 24,469 10.2 0.9 9.3 1.85
2017 2,725,000 27,906 2,294 25,612 10.2 0.8 9.4 1.83
2018 2,760,000 28,069 2,385 25,684 10.2 0.9 9.3 1.75
2019 2,799,000 28,412 2,200 26,212 10.2 0.8 9.4 1.73
2020 2,834,000 29,014 2,811 26,203 10.2 1.0 9.2 1.67
2021 2,748,000 26,319 2,841 23,478 9.6 1.0 8.5 1.60
2022 2,932,000 26,316 2,792 23,524 9.0 1.0 8.0 1.51
2023 27,414 2,651 24,763
Sources:[14][15]

Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01.VII.2019):[16]

Age Group Male Female Total %
Total 2 064 276 734 926 2 799 202 100
0–4 74 902 71 724 146 626 5.24
5–9 71 614 69 267 140 881 5.03
10–14 56 637 54 291 110 928 3.96
15–19 47 897 38 313 86 210 3.08
20–24 205 862 44 382 250 244 8.94
25–29 352 616 92 515 445 131 15.90
30–34 393 644 109 435 503 079 17.97
35–39 319 713 89 034 408 747 14.60
40–44 211 372 62 490 273 862 9.78
45–49 145 216 39 577 184 793 6.60
50–54 86 415 25 298 111 713 3.99
55–59 51 306 16 530 67 836 2.42
60–64 26 902 9 875 36 777 1.31
65–69 10 744 5 365 16 109 0.58
70–74 4 905 3 154 8 059 0.29
75–79 2 703 2 031 4 734 0.17
80+ 1 828 1 645 3 473 0.12
Age group Male Female Total Percent
0–14 203 153 195 282 398 435 14.23
15–64 1 840 943 527 449 2 368 392 84.61
65+ 20 180 12 195 32 375 1.16

Life expectancy

Life expectancy at birth
in Qatar
Period Life expectancy in
Years
Period Life expectancy in
Years
1950–1955 55.2 1985–1990 74.5
1955–1960 59.2 1990–1995 75.3
1960–1965 62.9 1995–2000 76.0
1965–1970 66.6 2000–2005 76.6
1970–1975 69.7 2005–2010 76.9
1975–1980 71.8 2010–2015 77.6
1980–1985 73.4
Source: UN World Population Prospects[17]

Religions

Languages

Arabic is the official language of Qatar according to Article 1 of the Constitution.[19]

English is the de facto second language of Qatar, and is very commonly used in business. Because of Qatar's varied ethnic landscape, English has been recognized as the most convenient medium for people of different backgrounds to communicate with each other.[20] The history of English use in the country dates back to the mid-19th and early 20th centuries when the British Empire would frequently draft treaties and agreements with the emirates of the Persian Gulf. One such treaty was the 1916 protectorate treaty signed between Abdullah bin Jassim Al Thani and the British representative Percy Cox, under which Qatar would be placed under British administration in exchange for protection. Another agreement drafted in English came in 1932 and was signed between the Qatarian government and the Anglo-Persian Oil Company. These agreements were mainly facilitated by foreign interpreters due to neither party possessing the required language skills for such complex arrangements. For instance, a translator and native Arabic speaker named A. A. Hilmy interpreted the 1932 agreement for Qatar.[21]

Malayalam are commonly used among Asian migrants. In 2015, there were more newspapers being printed by the government in Malayalam than in Arabic or English.[22]

Genetics

Y-chromosome DNA

Y-Chromosome DNA

Y-chromosome in large belongs to haplogroup J which comprises two thirds of the total chromosomes[23]

  • J1
    ≈58.3%
  • J2
    ≈8.3%
  • E*
    ≈7.0% — E(xE1b1b)
  • R1a
    ≈6.9%
  • E1b1b
    ≈5.6%
  • Other Haplogroups ≈13.9%

Mitochondrial DNA

Y-DNA lineages, with more than 35% of the lineages showing African ancestry (East African & Subsaharan) & the rest of the lineages being Eurasian.[24]

  • R0
    ~ 22% (14% R0*, 8% H)
  • JT
    ~ 22% (18% J & 4% T)
  • UK
    ~ 20% (11% K & 9% U)
  • L3
    ~ 10% (East African & Subsaharan lineages)
  • Other lineages ~ 26%

References

  1. ^ "Ministry of Development Planning and Statistics". Archived from the original on 26 June 2018. Retrieved 7 February 2017.
  2. ^ "Population of Qatar by nationality – 2017 report". Archived from the original on 22 November 2018. Retrieved 7 February 2017.
  3. ^ "Four years of labour reforms in Qatar". www.ilo.org. 1 November 2022. Retrieved 11 November 2022.
  4. ^ "Qatar Tourist Guide". Retrieved 15 February 2012.
  5. ^ "Qatar Planning and Statistics Authority – Monthly Figures on Total Population".
  6. ^ "Qatar Statistics Authority – Population 2012" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 May 2014. Retrieved 8 August 2013.
  7. ^ World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision Archived February 28, 2013, at the Wayback Machine
  8. ^ "Nepalese Migrant workers in Qatar from Terai". Archived from the original on 29 November 2018. Retrieved 4 May 2016.
  9. ^ "Iom International Report claims half of Nepalese migrant workers in foreign are Madhesi people from Terai, mainly to Qatar, Malaysia, UAE, Saudi Arabia and UAE". Archived from the original on 29 November 2018. Retrieved 4 May 2016.
  10. ^ "Half of madhesi people of Terai are in Qatar".
  11. ^ "Turkish school in Qatar to help spread Turkish culture" (Archive). Today's Zaman. Wednesday February 29, 2012. Retrieved on September 26, 2015.
  12. ^ "Population of Qatar by nationality in 2019". Priya DSouza Communications. 15 August 2019. Archived from the original on 22 November 2018. Retrieved 21 November 2021.
  13. ^ World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision Archived May 6, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  14. ^ [1] United nations. Demographic Yearbooks
  15. ^ "Domains". Archived from the original on 1 July 2015. Retrieved 15 June 2015. Qatar Information Exchange]
  16. ^ "UNSD — Demographic and Social Statistics".
  17. ^ "World Population Prospects – Population Division – United Nations". Retrieved 15 July 2017.
  18. ^ "CIA Factbook – Qatar". 21 April 2022.
  19. ^ "Qatar's Constitution of 2003" (PDF). Constitute Project. Retrieved 14 February 2019.
  20. .
  21. ^ Qotbah, Mohammed Abdullah (1990). Needs analysis and the design of courses in English for academic purposes : a study of the use of English language at the University of Qatar (PDF). etheses.dur.ac.uk (Thesis). Durham theses, Durham University. p. 8. Retrieved 14 February 2019.
  22. .
  23. ^ Cadenas et al. 2007
  24. ^ Rowold et al. 2007

Further reading

  • Ferdinand, Klaus (1993). Ida Nicolaisen (ed.). Bedouins of Qatar. London: Thames and Hudson.
    OCLC 990430539
    .