Demographics of the Gambia
Demographics of African (99%) (2003) | |
---|---|
Minor ethnic | Non-African (1%) (2003) |
Language | |
Official | English |
Spoken | Mandinka, Wolof, Fula |
The demographic characteristics of the population of The Gambia are known through national
Population
Year | Pop. | ±% |
---|---|---|
1963 | 315,486 | — |
1973 | 493,499 | +56.4% |
1983 | 687,817 | +39.4% |
1993 | 1,038,145 | +50.9% |
2003 | 1,360,681 | +31.1% |
2013 | 1,882,450 | +38.3% |
Source: The Gambia Bureau of Statistics[1] |
With a population of 1.88 million in 2013, The Gambia
Vital statistics
Registration of vital events in Gambia is not complete. The Population Department of the United Nations prepared the following estimates.[7]
Mid-year population (thousands) | Live births (thousands) | Deaths (thousands) | Natural change (thousands) | Crude birth rate (per 1000) | Crude death rate (per 1000) | Natural change (per 1000) | Total fertility rate (TFR) | Infant mortality (per 1000 live births) | Life expectancy (in years) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1950 | 307 | 15 | 10 | 5 | 49.6 | 32.2 | 17.4 | 6.35 | 174.0 | 31.76 |
1951 | 315 | 16 | 10 | 6 | 50.1 | 31.8 | 18.4 | 6.35 | 173.1 | 31.87 |
1952 | 323 | 16 | 10 | 6 | 50.5 | 31.5 | 19.0 | 6.35 | 171.6 | 32.08 |
1953 | 331 | 17 | 10 | 6 | 50.7 | 31.2 | 19.5 | 6.35 | 170.1 | 32.43 |
1954 | 340 | 17 | 11 | 7 | 50.9 | 31.1 | 19.8 | 6.34 | 168.8 | 32.67 |
1955 | 349 | 18 | 11 | 7 | 51.0 | 30.9 | 20.0 | 6.33 | 167.6 | 32.88 |
1956 | 359 | 18 | 11 | 7 | 51.0 | 30.9 | 20.2 | 6.32 | 166.5 | 33.05 |
1957 | 368 | 19 | 11 | 8 | 51.0 | 30.4 | 20.6 | 6.30 | 163.8 | 33.53 |
1958 | 378 | 19 | 11 | 8 | 51.0 | 29.9 | 21.1 | 6.29 | 161.0 | 34.08 |
1959 | 389 | 20 | 11 | 8 | 50.9 | 29.4 | 21.4 | 6.27 | 158.4 | 34.59 |
1960 | 400 | 20 | 12 | 9 | 50.7 | 28.9 | 21.8 | 6.25 | 155.8 | 35.10 |
1961 | 411 | 21 | 12 | 9 | 50.6 | 28.5 | 22.1 | 6.23 | 153.3 | 35.57 |
1962 | 422 | 21 | 12 | 9 | 50.4 | 28.1 | 22.3 | 6.21 | 150.9 | 35.99 |
1963 | 434 | 22 | 12 | 10 | 50.1 | 27.6 | 22.5 | 6.20 | 148.6 | 36.50 |
1964 | 446 | 22 | 12 | 10 | 49.8 | 27.1 | 22.6 | 6.20 | 146.3 | 36.95 |
1965 | 459 | 23 | 12 | 10 | 49.4 | 26.6 | 22.8 | 6.19 | 143.9 | 37.45 |
1966 | 472 | 23 | 12 | 11 | 48.9 | 26.1 | 22.8 | 6.18 | 141.6 | 37.90 |
1967 | 485 | 24 | 12 | 11 | 48.6 | 25.6 | 23.0 | 6.21 | 139.3 | 38.43 |
1968 | 499 | 24 | 13 | 12 | 48.4 | 25.1 | 23.2 | 6.22 | 137.0 | 38.87 |
1969 | 514 | 25 | 13 | 12 | 48.2 | 24.7 | 23.5 | 6.25 | 134.7 | 39.35 |
1970 | 529 | 25 | 13 | 13 | 47.9 | 24.2 | 23.7 | 6.26 | 132.4 | 39.87 |
1971 | 544 | 26 | 13 | 13 | 47.8 | 23.7 | 24.0 | 6.28 | 130.1 | 40.35 |
1972 | 561 | 27 | 13 | 14 | 47.8 | 23.2 | 24.6 | 6.32 | 127.7 | 40.92 |
1973 | 577 | 28 | 13 | 14 | 47.8 | 22.8 | 24.9 | 6.37 | 125.3 | 41.39 |
1974 | 595 | 28 | 13 | 15 | 47.6 | 22.4 | 25.2 | 6.38 | 122.9 | 41.95 |
1975 | 613 | 29 | 14 | 15 | 47.4 | 22.1 | 25.3 | 6.41 | 120.4 | 42.44 |
1976 | 632 | 30 | 14 | 16 | 47.3 | 21.8 | 25.5 | 6.43 | 117.9 | 43.04 |
1977 | 652 | 31 | 14 | 17 | 47.1 | 21.6 | 25.5 | 6.43 | 115.5 | 43.44 |
1978 | 673 | 31 | 14 | 17 | 46.9 | 21.5 | 25.4 | 6.42 | 114.0 | 43.58 |
1979 | 695 | 32 | 14 | 18 | 46.8 | 20.9 | 25.9 | 6.41 | 110.9 | 44.56 |
1980 | 719 | 33 | 15 | 19 | 46.7 | 20.6 | 26.2 | 6.40 | 108.5 | 45.15 |
1981 | 743 | 35 | 16 | 19 | 46.7 | 21.0 | 25.8 | 6.40 | 106.1 | 44.48 |
1982 | 768 | 36 | 15 | 21 | 46.8 | 19.8 | 26.9 | 6.39 | 103.7 | 46.38 |
1983 | 796 | 37 | 15 | 22 | 46.6 | 19.5 | 27.1 | 6.38 | 101.2 | 46.92 |
1984 | 825 | 38 | 16 | 22 | 46.5 | 19.1 | 27.4 | 6.37 | 98.7 | 47.49 |
1985 | 856 | 40 | 16 | 24 | 46.4 | 18.6 | 27.8 | 6.34 | 96.1 | 48.19 |
1986 | 889 | 41 | 16 | 25 | 46.4 | 18.1 | 28.3 | 6.33 | 93.6 | 48.71 |
1987 | 924 | 42 | 16 | 26 | 46.2 | 17.6 | 28.7 | 6.29 | 91.1 | 49.41 |
1988 | 961 | 44 | 16 | 28 | 46.1 | 17.1 | 29.0 | 6.26 | 88.7 | 50.05 |
1989 | 1 000 | 46 | 17 | 29 | 45.8 | 16.6 | 29.2 | 6.24 | 86.3 | 50.64 |
1990 | 1 041 | 47 | 17 | 31 | 45.7 | 16.1 | 29.6 | 6.22 | 84.0 | 51.32 |
1991 | 1 084 | 49 | 17 | 32 | 45.6 | 15.5 | 30.1 | 6.17 | 81.8 | 52.13 |
1992 | 1 127 | 51 | 17 | 34 | 45.4 | 15.0 | 30.4 | 6.11 | 79.5 | 52.94 |
1993 | 1 168 | 53 | 17 | 36 | 45.1 | 14.4 | 30.7 | 6.04 | 77.3 | 53.75 |
1994 | 1 206 | 54 | 17 | 38 | 45.0 | 13.7 | 31.3 | 6.04 | 75.0 | 54.72 |
1995 | 1 242 | 56 | 16 | 39 | 44.7 | 13.2 | 31.5 | 6.01 | 72.8 | 55.46 |
1996 | 1 279 | 57 | 16 | 40 | 44.3 | 12.8 | 31.5 | 5.96 | 70.6 | 56.01 |
1997 | 1 317 | 58 | 17 | 42 | 44.1 | 12.6 | 31.5 | 5.92 | 68.7 | 56.06 |
1998 | 1 356 | 60 | 17 | 43 | 44.1 | 12.3 | 31.8 | 5.93 | 66.3 | 56.55 |
1999 | 1 396 | 61 | 17 | 44 | 43.6 | 12.0 | 31.6 | 5.87 | 64.5 | 56.82 |
2000 | 1 438 | 62 | 17 | 45 | 43.1 | 11.8 | 31.3 | 5.80 | 62.1 | 56.94 |
2001 | 1 479 | 64 | 17 | 46 | 42.9 | 11.7 | 31.2 | 5.75 | 60.1 | 57.04 |
2002 | 1 522 | 65 | 18 | 47 | 42.5 | 11.6 | 30.9 | 5.73 | 58.1 | 57.08 |
2003 | 1 566 | 66 | 18 | 49 | 42.3 | 11.2 | 31.0 | 5.70 | 56.1 | 57.59 |
2004 | 1 612 | 68 | 18 | 51 | 42.2 | 10.8 | 31.4 | 5.71 | 54.2 | 58.09 |
2005 | 1 660 | 70 | 18 | 53 | 42.1 | 10.6 | 31.6 | 5.72 | 52.4 | 58.39 |
2006 | 1 711 | 73 | 17 | 55 | 42.4 | 10.1 | 32.2 | 5.76 | 50.5 | 59.06 |
2007 | 1 765 | 74 | 17 | 57 | 42.1 | 9.9 | 32.2 | 5.73 | 48.7 | 59.39 |
2008 | 1 821 | 76 | 17 | 59 | 41.8 | 9.4 | 32.3 | 5.71 | 47.0 | 60.08 |
2009 | 1 878 | 78 | 17 | 61 | 41.5 | 9.2 | 32.3 | 5.69 | 45.4 | 60.43 |
2010 | 1 937 | 80 | 17 | 62 | 41.1 | 8.9 | 32.1 | 5.67 | 43.9 | 60.72 |
2011 | 1 998 | 81 | 17 | 64 | 40.7 | 8.5 | 32.2 | 5.64 | 42.3 | 61.53 |
2012 | 2 061 | 83 | 17 | 66 | 40.1 | 8.2 | 32.0 | 5.59 | 40.9 | 62.10 |
2013 | 2 125 | 84 | 17 | 67 | 39.4 | 8.1 | 31.3 | 5.51 | 39.5 | 62.11 |
2014 | 2 189 | 84 | 17 | 67 | 38.5 | 7.9 | 30.6 | 5.42 | 38.2 | 62.27 |
2015 | 2 253 | 85 | 17 | 67 | 37.6 | 7.7 | 29.8 | 5.31 | 36.9 | 62.49 |
2016 | 2 317 | 85 | 17 | 68 | 36.6 | 7.5 | 29.1 | 5.20 | 35.7 | 63.01 |
2017 | 2 381 | 85 | 18 | 68 | 35.7 | 7.4 | 28.3 | 5.09 | 34.5 | 63.00 |
2018 | 2 445 | 85 | 18 | 68 | 34.9 | 7.3 | 27.6 | 4.97 | 33.4 | 63.04 |
2019 | 2 509 | 86 | 18 | 69 | 34.3 | 7.0 | 27.3 | 4.87 | 32.4 | 63.76 |
2020 | 2 574 | 87 | 19 | 68 | 33.7 | 7.4 | 26.3 | 4.78 | 31.4 | 62.61 |
2021 | 2 640 | 88 | 20 | 68 | 33.3 | 7.5 | 25.7 | 4.68 | 30.5 | 62.08 |
Fertility Rate (The Demographic Health Survey and Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys)
Fertility Rate TFR (Wanted Fertility Rate) and CBR (Crude Birth Rate):
Year | CBR (Total) | TFR (Total) | CBR (Urban) | TFR (Urban) | CBR (Rural) | TFR (Rural) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2013 | 40.5 | 5.6 (4.7) | 37.7 | 4.7 (4.1) | 43.4 | 6.8 (5.6) |
2019-20 | 34.4 | 4.4 (4.0) | 32.5 | 3.9 (3.6) | 38.9 | 5.9 (5.3) |
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
Structure of the population (DHS 2013) (males 23,904, females 25,649, total 49,553) :
Age Group | Male (%) | Female (%) | Total (%) |
---|---|---|---|
0–4 | 18.5 | 16.4 | 17.4 |
5–9 | 16.6 | 15.3 | 15.9 |
10–14 | 12.8 | 12.5 | 12.6 |
15–19 | 10.3 | 10.4 | 10.3 |
20–24 | 8.5 | 9.1 | 8.8 |
25–29 | 6.8 | 8.0 | 7.4 |
30–34 | 5.5 | 6.5 | 6.0 |
35–39 | 4.5 | 4.7 | 4.6 |
40–44 | 3.8 | 3.3 | 3.5 |
45–49 | 2.9 | 2.4 | 2.6 |
50–54 | 2.1 | 4.1 | 3.1 |
55–59 | 1.5 | 1.9 | 1.7 |
60–64 | 2.3 | 1.9 | 2.1 |
65–69 | 1.5 | 1.2 | 1.3 |
70–74 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 1.0 |
75–79 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0.6 |
80+ | 0.8 | 1.0 | 0.9 |
Age group | Male (%) | Female (%) | Total (%) |
---|---|---|---|
0–14 | 47.9 | 44.2 | 45.9 |
15–64 | 48.1 | 52.2 | 50.3 |
65+ | 4.0 | 3.6 | 3.8 |
Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (30.XII.2015) (Source: Integrated Household Survey (IHS) 2015/2016.):[10]
Age Group | Male | Female | Total | % |
---|---|---|---|---|
Total | 915 357 | 1 007 593 | 1 922 950 | 100 |
0–4 | 155 654 | 155 502 | 311 156 | 16.18 |
5–9 | 150 122 | 147 966 | 298 089 | 15.50 |
10–14 | 115 261 | 113 727 | 228 988 | 11.91 |
15–19 | 87 274 | 111 093 | 198 367 | 10.32 |
20–24 | 76 050 | 104 429 | 180 479 | 9.39 |
25–29 | 62 431 | 89 237 | 151 669 | 7.89 |
30–34 | 57 532 | 70 222 | 127 754 | 6.64 |
35–39 | 49 913 | 59 248 | 109 161 | 5.68 |
40–44 | 39 032 | 42 666 | 81 698 | 4.25 |
45–49 | 32 235 | 29 522 | 61 757 | 3.21 |
50–54 | 27 286 | 25 441 | 52 727 | 2.74 |
55–59 | 18 075 | 17 685 | 35 759 | 1.86 |
60–64 | 16 034 | 14 121 | 30 155 | 1.57 |
65+ | 28 457 | 26 734 | 55 191 | 2.87 |
Age group | Male | Female | Total | Percent |
0–14 | 421 037 | 417 195 | 838 232 | 43.59 |
15–64 | 465 863 | 563 664 | 1 029 527 | 53.54 |
65+ | 28 457 | 26 734 | 55 191 | 2.87 |
Fertility data as of 2019-20 (DHS Program):[11]
Local Government Area | Total fertility rate | Percentage of women age 15–49 currently pregnant | Mean number of children ever born to women age 40–49 |
---|---|---|---|
Banjul | 3.1 | 5.3 | 4.2 |
Kanifing | 3.3 | 5.7 | 4.5 |
Brikama | 4.1 | 6.9 | 5.7 |
Mansakonko | 5.4 | 9.7 | 7.1 |
Kerewan | 5.4 | 8.2 | 6.9 |
Kuntaur | 6.4 | 11.9 | 7.2 |
Janjanbureh | 5.7 | 8.7 | 7.0 |
Basse | 5.7 | 9.6 | 6.5 |
Life expectancy
Period | Life expectancy in Years[12] |
---|---|
1950–1955 | 30.24 |
1955–1960 | 31.52 |
1960–1965 | 32.79 |
1965–1970 | 35.78 |
1970–1975 | 40.04 |
1975–1980 | 44.21 |
1980–1985 | 48.20 |
1985–1990 | 51.33 |
1990–1995 | 52.85 |
1995–2000 | 54.91 |
2000–2005 | 56.92 |
2005–2010 | 58.83 |
2010–2015 | 60.31 |
Other demographic statistics
Demographic statistics according to the World Population Review in 2022.[13]
- One birth every 6 minutes
- One death every 29 minutes
- One net migrant every 180 minutes
- Net gain of one person every 7 minutes
The following demographic statistics are from the
Population
- 2,413,403 (2022 est.)
- 2,092,731 (July 2018 est.)
Religions
- Muslim 96.4%, Christian 3.5%, other or none 0.1% (2019-20 est.)
Age structure
- 0-14 years: 35.15% (male 391,993/female 388,816)
- 15-24 years: 20.12% (male 221,519/female 225,414)
- 25-54 years: 36.39% (male 396,261/female 412,122)
- 55-64 years: 4.53% (male 48,032/female 52,538)
- 65 years and over: 3.81% (male 38,805/female 45,801) (2021 est.)
- 0-14 years: 36.97% (male 388,615 /female 385,172)
- 15-24 years: 20.31% (male 210,217 /female 214,807)
- 25-54 years: 34.9% (male 357,934 /female 372,428)
- 55-64 years: 4.26% (male 42,655 /female 46,591)
- 65 years and over: 3.55% (male 34,328 /female 39,984) (2018 est.)
Birth rate
- 28.78 births/1,000 population (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 32nd
- 28.6 births/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 43rd
Death rate
- 5.81 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 167th
- 6.9 deaths/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 132nd
Total fertility rate
- 3.79 children born/woman (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 32nd
- 3.42 children born/woman (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 44th
Median age
- total: 21.8 years. Country comparison to the world: 182nd
- male: 21.5 years
- female: 22.2 years (2020 est.)
- total: 21.3 years. Country comparison to the world: 184th
- male: 20.9 years
- female: 21.6 years (2018 est.)
Population growth rate
- 2.29% (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 33rd
- 1.99% (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 48th
Mother's mean age at first birth
- 20.7 years (2019/20 est.)
- note: median age at first birth among women 25-49
- 20.9 years (2013 est.)
- note: median age at first birth among women 25-29
Contraceptive prevalence rate
- 16.8% (2018)
- note: percent of women aged 15-49
- 9% (2013)
Net migration rate
- -0.04 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 99th
- -1.9 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2017 est.) Country comparison to the world: 158th
Dependency ratios
- total dependency ratio: 92.3 (2015 est.)
- youth dependency ratio: 87.8 (2015 est.)
- elderly dependency ratio: 4.5 (2015 est.)
- potential support ratio: 22.3 (2015 est.)
Urbanization
- urban population: 63.9% of total population (2022)
- rate of urbanization: 3.75% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
- urban population: 61.3% of total population (2018)
- rate of urbanization: 4.07% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)
Life expectancy at birth
- total population: 67.6 years. Country comparison to the world: 188th
- male: 65.83 years
- female: 69.41 years (2022 est.)
- total population: 65.4 years (2018 est.)
- male: 63 years (2018 est.)
- female: 67.8 years (2018 est.)
Education expenditures
- 2.9% of GDP (2019) Country comparison to the world: 154th
Literacy
definition: age 15 and over can read and write (2015 est.)
- total population: 50.8%
- male: 61.8%
- female: 41.6% (2015)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
- total: 9 years (2010)
- male: 9 years (2010)
- female: 9 years (2010)
Major infectious diseases
- degree of risk: very high (2020)
- food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
- vectorborne diseases: malaria and dengue fever
- water contact diseases: schistosomiasis
- animal contact diseases: rabies
- respiratory diseases: meningococcal meningitis
note: on 21 March 2022, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued a Travel Alert for polio in Africa; The Gambia is currently considered a high risk to travelers for circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPV); vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) is a strain of the weakened poliovirus that was initially included in oral polio vaccine (OPV) and that has changed over time and behaves more like the wild or naturally occurring virus; this means it can be spread more easily to people who are unvaccinated against polio and who come in contact with the stool or respiratory secretions, such as from a sneeze, of an “infected” person who received oral polio vaccine; the CDC recommends that before any international travel, anyone unvaccinated, incompletely vaccinated, or with an unknown polio vaccination status should complete the routine polio vaccine series; before travel to any high-risk destination, CDC recommends that adults who previously completed the full, routine polio vaccine series receive a single, lifetime booster dose of polio vaccine
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24
- total: 25.8%
- male: 21%
- female: 32.3% (2018 est.)
See also
References
- ^ a b c d The Gambia Bureau of Statistics 2013, p. 6
- ^ The Gambia Bureau of Statistics 2013, p. 10
- ^ "Africa :: Gambia, The". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 23 February 2014.
- ^ "Country Comparison :: Total Fertility Rate". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on 26 February 2014. Retrieved 23 February 2014.
- ^ "World Population Prospects: The 2012 Revision". United Nations. Archived from the original on May 6, 2011. Retrieved February 24, 2014.
- ^ The Gambia Bureau of Statistics 2013, pp. 6–7
- United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. rows 5261:5332, cols M,X,AE,S,AH,S,AA,AV,AI. Archivedfrom the original on 2022-08-09.
- ^ "The DHS Program - Quality information to plan, monitor and improve population, health, and nutrition programs". www.dhsprogram.com.
- ^ "The Gambia MICS 2018" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on June 29, 2021.
- ^ "UNSD — Demographic and Social Statistics".
- ^ "The Gambia Demographic and Health Survey 2019-20" (PDF). The Gambia Demographic and Health Survey. 2021.
- ^ "World Population Prospects - Population Division - United Nations". esa.un.org. Archived from the original on 2016-09-19. Retrieved 2018-08-26.
- ^ "Gambia Population 2022", World Population Review
- ^ "The World FactBook - Gambia, The", The World Factbook, 2022 This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
References
- The Gambia Bureau of Statistics (2013). "The Gambia 2013 Population and Housing Census Preliminary Results" (PDF). The Gambia Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved February 24, 2014.[permanent dead link]