Deptford Dockyard
51°29′11″N 0°01′39″W / 51.4865°N 0.0276°W
HM Dockyard, Deptford | |
---|---|
Deptford, NW Kent | |
Admiralty (1832–1869). | |
Other site facilities | The Victualling Yard and Transport Board office. |
Site history | |
In use | 1513–1869 |
Deptford Dockyard was an important naval dockyard and base at Deptford on the River Thames, operated by the Royal Navy from the sixteenth to the nineteenth centuries. It built and maintained warships for 350 years, and many significant events and ships have been associated with it.
Founded by
The dockyard declined in importance after the Napoleonic Wars. Its location upriver on the Thames made access difficult, and the shallow narrow river hampered navigation of the large new warships. The dockyard was largely inactive in the 1830s, but was re-established as a shipbuilding yard in the 1840s. The navy finally closed the dockyard in 1869. While the adjacent victualling yard, that had been established in the 1740s, continued in use until the 1960s, the land used by the dockyard was sold; the area (known as Convoys Wharf) is currently being redeveloped for housing, commercial, leisure and other purposes.[1]
Archaeological excavations took place at the dockyard in 2010–12.[2][3]
History
Foundation
The Deptford area had been used to build royal ships since the early fifteenth century, during the reign of
The Tudor dockyard
Deptford's Tudor 'Great Store-house' (which outlasted the Dockyard itself) dated from 1513, as recorded on its (still surviving) foundation stone.[3] 172 ft (52 m) in length, it stood parallel to the riverbank on a north-west/south-east axis; it was a two-storey brick building with an attic, standing 35 ft (11 m) high. The Great Dock (a double-length dry dock) lay perpendicular to it, to the south-east, and was built at around the same time.[3]
North-west of the storehouse, a natural pond (which had formed at the mouth of the Orfleteditch, a minor
The dockyard grew to be the most important of the royal dockyards, employing increasing numbers of workers, and expanding to incorporate new storehouses.
The dock was rebuilt and wharves expanded to cover 500–600 feet of the river front by the end of the sixteenth century. It had by then become known as the "King's Yard".[4] Deptford became increasingly sophisticated in its operations, with £150 paid in 1578 to build gates for the dry dock, removing the necessity of constructing a temporary earth dockhead and then digging it away to free the ship once work had been completed.[11][a]
The significance of Deptford to English maritime strength was highlighted when
Stuart expansion
The growth of other shipyards, particularly Chatham Dockyard on the River Medway, eventually threatened Deptford's supremacy, and by the early seventeenth century the possibility of closing and selling Deptford yard was being discussed. Though Deptford and Woolwich possessed the only working docks, the Thames was too narrow, shallow and heavily used and the London dockyards too far from the sea to make it an attractive anchorage for the growing navy.[15] Attention shifted to the Medway and defences and facilities were constructed at Chatham and Sheerness.[15]
Despite this, Deptford Dockyard continued to flourish and expand, being closely associated with the
There was further investment in the Commonwealth period, with money spent on providing a mast dock and three new wharves.[20] Facilities were again improved in the wake of the Glorious Revolution of 1688: a 'Great New Storehouse' replaced the Treasurer's House alongside the Tudor storehouse, and by the end of the century additional ranges had created an informal quadrangle of buildings. At around the same time terraces of houses for the officers of the yard were built along the south-eastern boundary of the site (they continued in use after the closure of the Dockyard, and were only demolished in 1902).[21]
The yard was visited by Peter the Great, Tsar of Russia, in 1698. He stayed in nearby Sayes Court, which had been temporarily let furnished by John Evelyn to Admiral John Benbow. During the Tsar's stay, Evelyn's servant wrote to him to report "There is a house full of people and right nasty. The Tsar lies next your library, and dines in the parlour next your study. He dines at ten o'clock and at six at night, is very seldom at home a whole day, very often in the King's Yard or by water, dressed in several dresses."[22] Peter studied shipbuilding techniques and practices at the dockyard.[23][b]
The Great Dock was rebuilt again in 1711, with gates provided halfway along its length so as to form a true 'double dock' (able to accommodate two vessels lengthwise).
Early-Georgian flourishing
The early to mid-eighteenth century was a time of considerable rebuilding and upgrading at Deptford Dockyard. The storehouse complex was rebuilt more formally as a quadrangle at this time, enclosing the original Great Storehouse of 1513; the mast pond was rebuilt, as was the wet dock, and the smithery (where anchors and other metal items were forged) was enlarged. In 1716 a further dry dock was added (opening into the wet dock, as did three of the yard's five building slips).[24]
With the increasing specialisation among the royal dockyards, Deptford concentrated on building smaller warships and was the headquarters of the naval transport service.[25] Throughout the various wars of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, the navy sought to relieve pressure on the main fleet bases by concentrating shipbuilding and fitting out at riverine docks like Chatham, Woolwich and Deptford, leaving the front-line dockyards at Portsmouth, Plymouth and the Nore for maintenance and repair.[26]
Owing to its proximity to the offices of the Navy Board, Deptford also specialised in new or experimental construction work. In the 1750s the first of a new generation of
The yard was expanded northwards in the 1770s, enabling the addition of a second (and larger) mast pond, new mast houses and a sixth shipbuilding slip. A 1774 report described both large and small ships being built at Deptford, 'there being a sufficient flow of water for launching them, although not a sufficient depth at low water to lay the large ships on float'; (once launched, therefore, they were taken down river at the first opportunity).[29] Smaller vessels such as frigates, however, could still be laid up at Deptford for repair or equipping, and in times of urgency it was possible to contract additional riggers from other yards on the Thames.
Deptford was associated with a large number of famous ships and people. Several of the ships used by James Cook on his voyages of exploration were refitted at the dockyard, including HMS Endeavour, HMS Resolution and HMS Discovery, as were ships used by George Vancouver on his expedition between 1791 and 1795, HMS Discovery and HMS Chatham.[30] HMS Bounty was refitted at the yard in 1787, as was HMS Providence, the vessel used by William Bligh on his second breadfruit expedition.[30][31] Warships built at the yard include HMS Neptune and HMS Colossus, which fought under Nelson at the Battle of Trafalgar, and HMS Swiftsure, which was captured in 1801 and fought for the French at the battle.[32]
Late-Georgian decline
The end of the Napoleonic Wars and the long period of relative peace that followed caused a decline in both the number of new ships demanded by the navy and the number that needed to be repaired and maintained. Deptford's location and the shallow riverine waters exacerbated the problem as work and contracts were moved to other royal dockyards.[4] The yard had its location close to the main navy offices in London in its favour, but the silting of the Thames and the trend towards larger warships made continued naval construction there an unappealing prospect. Engineer John Rennie commented of the yard that
Ships-of-the-line which are built there cannot as I am informed with propriety be docked and coppered. Jury masts are put into them and they are taken to Woolwich, where they are docked, coppered and rigged, and I have been told of an instance where many weeks elapsed before a fair wind and tide capable of floating a large ship down to Woolwich occurred.[33]
On 31 January 1821 the Admiralty issued an order with the effect that from that date only small maintenance work was to be carried out at Deptford.[34] Nevertheless, Deptford continued to be used for experimental work: in 1822 HMS Comet, the Royal Navy's first steam-powered ship, was launched there.[35] In 1827 the size of the dockyard was reduced when the mast pond and mast houses were annexed to the victualling yard (the main mast house was turned into a 'salt provision store').[34]
The dockyard was largely shut down between 1830 and 1837, with only shipbreaking carried out there during that time;[4] though the navy was reported to have kept a keel laid down in building slip No. 1, in apparent fulfilment of a lease from John Evelyn, who had made it one of the terms that a ship was always to be under construction at the yard.[36] (HMS Worcester had been laid down at the yard in 1816 and was complete by 1831; but was only finally launched in 1843 when the slip was required for HMS Terrible.)[37] The navy had to hastily lay a keel down in 1843 when it was discovered that the term was not being adhered to.[36]
Victorian rebuilding
The dockyard reopened in 1844 as a shipbuilding yard.[38] (Small-scale warship construction had resumed in 1837, and continued for the next 32 years). Vessels launched at Deptford were fitted out at Woolwich Dockyard, where the navy had established its first steam factory (for building and installing marine steam engines).[3] In 1838,[39] Joseph Huddart's original stationary rope making machine had been installed in the north range of the storehouse quadrangle.[40] The Great Dock was rebuilt (following a partial collapse) in 1839–41, and at the same time it was enclosed beneath a substantial timber roof. Then, from 1844 to 1846, the old shipbuilding slips were comprehensively rebuilt. The new slips were numbered: No.1 was immediately north of the basin and ran down to the river; No.2 and No.3 were adjacent to each other and ran into the basin; No.4 and No.5 were also adjacent to each other and ran down to the river just south of the basin. Nos. 4 and 5 were also roofed in timber, whereas Nos.1, 2 and 3 were all given cast iron roofs manufactured by George Baker and Sons of Lambeth.[3] (The single dry dock linked to the basin was removed in 1844 as part of the rebuilding of the adjacent slips, Nos.2 and 3.)[34]
In 1856, the Admiralty purchased the adjoining
Closure
Deemed surplus to requirements, Deptford Dockyard was closed on 31 March 1869.[23] The screw corvette HMS Druid, launched on 13 March 1869, was the final ship built there.[36]
Nevertheless, although Deptford ceased operating as a building yard, part of the site (namely everything to the north of No.1 Slip)
Administration of the dockyard
The first naval administrators of dockyards during the early
Keeper of the Kings Storehouse at Deptford
Post holders included:[10]
- 1513–1524, John Hopton (also Keeper at Erith Dockyard)
- 1524–1537, William Gonson (ditto)
- 1544–1545, William Wynter
- 1545–1546, Richard Howlett.[49]
Included:[50]
- 1714–1739, Captain Henry Greenhill.
- 1740–1745, Captain Thomas Whorwood
- 1744–1745, Commodore Edward Falkingham (also resident commissioner of the navy at Woolwich Dockyard)
- 1746–1747, Captain James Compton. (ditto)
- 1747–1762, Captain William Davies, (ditto)
- 1806–1823, Captain Sir Charles Cunningham, KCH.
Captain Superintendent Deptford
- 1841–1851, Captain John Hill.[51]
- 1853–1856, Captain Horatio Thomas Austin[52]
- 1857–1863, Captain Claude Buckle.[53]
- 1863–1876, Captain Henry Chads.
Master Shipwright Deptford dockyard
- Incomplete list of post holders included:[54]
- Peter Pett, 1550–September 1589.
- Joseph Pett, 1589–1606.
- William Burrell, 1619–1623
- Peter Pett, 1630–1652
- Christopher Pett, August 1647–March 1668.
- Jonas Shish, April 1668–November 1675.
- Fisher Harding, October 1686–November 1705.
- Joseph Allin, November–December 1705.
- Richard Stacey, July 1715–August 1727.
- Richard A. Stacey, August 1727–June 1742
- Joseph Allin, July 1742–June 1746.
- John Holland, June 1746–April 1752.
- Thomas Fellowes, May 1752–March 1753.
- Thomas Slade, March 1753–August 1755.
- Adam Hayes, August 1755–June 1785.
- Henry Peake, December 1785–March 1787.
- Martin Ware, March 1787–May 1795.
- Thomas Pollard, June 1795–1799.
- William Stone, July 1810–November 1813.
- Henry Chatfield, 1853–1860.
Master Attendant Deptford dockyard
This officer of the royal dockyards was appointed to assist at the fitting-out or dismantling, removing or securing of vessels of war, etc., at the port where he was resident. Post holders included:[55]
- 1702 Feb-May, William Wright.
- 1702–1703, Thomas Jennings.
- 1703–1705, Thomas Harlow.
- 1705–1706, Richard Clarke.
- 1706–1707, John Knapp.
- 1712–1720, Thomas Harlow.
- 1720–1739, Walter Lunn.
- 1739–1744, John Goodwin.
- 1744, Nov-Dec, Piercy Brett.
- 1744–1747, Richard Dennis.
- 1747–1755, John Goodwin.
- 1755–1770, Edward Collingwood.
- 1770–1776, Thomas Cosway.
- 1776–1786, Roger Gastrill.
- 1786–1791, Benjamin Hunter.
- 1791–1803, Joseph Gilbert.
- 1803–1823, Charles Robb.
- 1823–1830, John Douglas.
- 1836–1850, George F. Morice.
- 1850–1852, Charles Wilcox.
- 1852–1864, Commander Edward J. P. Pearn.
- 1864–1867, Commander Cornelius T. A. Noddall.
- 1867–1870, Staff Captain Robert Calder Allen.
After closure
Apart from the aforementioned Naval Store Yard (the northernmost part of the site, which was annexed to the Victualling Yard), the land occupied by the Dockyard was sold after its closure. Fifteen acres to the south-west (namely that part of the land that had been purchased in 1856) was sold back to
Foreign Cattle Market
The rest of the area (amounting to about 30 acres) was bought by a Mr T. P. Austin for £70,000 in March 1869;[37] he then 'almost immediately' re-sold 21 acres to the City of London Corporation for £91,500 (Austin was discovered to be the brother-in-law of the Solicitor to the Admiralty, and questions were asked in Parliament regarding the propriety of these transactions).[58] The site was swiftly converted to become the Corporation of London's Foreign Cattle Market (providing space for the sale and slaughter of imported livestock, in accordance with the terms of the Contagious Diseases (Animals) Act, 1869).[56] The old slips and docks were filled in and paved over, and the sheds covering them were joined and fitted up with animal pens,[59] enough to accommodate 4,000 cattle and 12,000 sheep (with room, if required, for thousands more animals outside).[56] Numerous slaughterhouses were set up, filling most of the ground floor area of the Quadrangle Storehouse and adjacent buildings.[60] The Market opened for use on 28 December 1871.[37] A later periodical described how "Deptford Dockyard, dismantled and degraded from its olden service to the Navy, has just been converted into a foreign cattle market and a shambles."[36]
Supply Reserve Depot
The area's use as a Cattle Market continued until 1913, when (rendered obsolete by the advent of
In the mid-1930s Deptford was the Army's only Supply Reserve Depot, but it was judged to be highly vulnerable to air attacks; additional depots were hurriedly built at
After the closure of the Royal Victoria Victualling Yard in 1961, the Navy retained a small parcel of land adjoining the SRD to serve as a Royal Naval Store Depot (RNSD Deptford). Comprising 134,000 sq ft of covered and 75,000 sq ft of open accommodation, the depot handled the sending of naval freight through London's docks and airports and it contained warehouses for naval stores of stationery, furniture and other items, and garages and workshops housing the London area naval motor transport organisation.[65] The RNSD continued in operation until 1984 (when it was closed in the wake of the cost-cutting Defence Review of 1981).[66]
Disposal of the site
In 1984 the site was sold by the Ministry of Defence to Convoys Ltd (newsprint importers) and so became known as
Legacy
Many of the Royal Dockyard's buildings and features survived until the 1950s, but they have since almost entirely been lost or destroyed and the waterways have been infilled. Henry VIII's Great Storehouse of 1513 was demolished in 1954 (its bricks were used for repairs to
The Lenox Project
In 2013 the Lenox Project put forward a formal proposal to build a full-size sailing replica of HMS Lenox, a 70-gun ship of the line originally built at Deptford Dockyard in 1678. The ship would actually be constructed on the dockyard site, and would form the centrepiece of a purpose-built museum which would remain as a permanent part of the development of Convoys Wharf.[69]
By late 2015 the project had gathered momentum, with more detailed plans fitting the building of the Lenox into the overall development of this part of Deptford.[70] The 2015 Feasibility Study identified the Safeguarded Wharf at the Western end of the Convoys Wharf site as the most suitable place for the dry-dock where the ship herself would be built; the existing but disused canal entrance could then be modified to provide an entrance for the dock as well as a home berth for the finished ship.[71]
It is hoped that the Lenox will provide a focus for the regeneration of the area as the comparable replica ship Hermione did for Rochefort in France.
The Victualling Yard
In the 17th century a
The Royal Victoria Victualling Yard continued in operation for almost a century after the closure of the dockyard, dedicated to the manufacture and storage of food, drink, clothing and furniture for the navy. It closed in 1961 and a
-
Riverside storehouse and administrative office.
-
Superintendent's House and riverside storehouse.
-
Stable block (behind the Superintendent's house).
-
The Main Gate to the Victualling Yard (on Grove Street).
-
The Colonnade (houses and offices) by the main gate.
-
The Terrace (houses for senior officers of the yard).
The Transport Yard
The Commissioners of the
For the most part, vessels required by the Transport Board were chartered, and the contract usually stipulated that they be brought to Deptford in the first instance to be presented there to the Board's representatives. The office at Deptford was staffed by a Resident Agent, an Inspecting Agent, a Shipwright Officer and a Storekeeper; these worked closely with the Master Shipwright and other officers of the Dockyard to inspect, value and prepare the ships for service.[74] The Resident Agent corresponded daily with the Transport Board in Westminster, keeping them informed of all ship movements and transactions.
By 1800 the Transport Board was renting premises at Dudman's Dock (immediately to the north of the Victualling Yard), including a storehouse and wharf, a storekeeper's house, and offices for the Agents and storekeeper; they also had use of the dock (which was a large basin directly connected to the Thames) and other on-site amenities.[75] This arrangement enabled transports to come alongside and be loaded with supplies (previously, the vessels had had to remain moored in the river while smaller craft brought them their stores and provisions). Purchase of the freehold of the site was discussed, but this did not proceed; instead the premises were leased from Mr Dudman (along with a pair of dwelling-houses for the senior officers, on the other side of the main road). In 1828 it was announced that, following the cessation of shipbuilding, the Royal Dockyard was to be 'reduced to a transport yard and a depôt for receiving stores'.[76] The Agent for Transports and his staff duly relocated to the nearby dockyard, and in 1831 the Navy Board offered up for sale the remainder of the lease on the Dudman property, describing it as 'valuable Waterside Premises, lately the Transport-Yard, adjoining His Majesty's Victualling-Yard at Deptford'.[77]
Later the Resident Transport Officer was accommodated in the Victualling Yard; by 1860 the Transport Establishment, Dockyard and Victualling Yard were all overseen by the Captain-Superintendent.[42]
Plan of the Georgian Dockyard
Notes
a.
b. ^ Evelyn was able to convince the Treasury to pay him £350 to cover the necessary repair work to his house after the Russians' stay, after a survey of the damage was made by Sir Christopher Wren, the Surveyor of the King's Works.[22]
c. ^ By the 1790s the Victualling Board had its headquarters at Somerset House, together with the Navy and Transport Boards.[78]
d. ^ Storehouses were required for storage of all the raw materials and goods necessary for building and fitting out a ship. The 1513 Storehouse was a rectangular building of brick construction c.50m x 10m and two stories high. It stood parallel to the river, on the river front, some 40 metres upstream of the (extant) Master Shipwright's House. (Both buildings are visible in Cleveley's painting of HMS St Albans, above.) The original Storehouse was added to, bit by bit over time, and in the early part of the 18th century it became the north range of a quadrangle of Storehouse buildings. This Storehouse complex, with cupola and clock atop the southern range, formed a prominent landmark for ships on this part of the river for over 200 years.
Citations
- ^ "Welcome". Convoys Wharf. Hutchison Property Group (UK) Ltd. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
- )
- ^ a b c d e f g Hawkins, Duncan (Spring 2015). "Deptford's Royal Dockyard: archaeological investigations at Convoy's Wharf, Deptford, 2000–2012" (PDF). London Archaeologist. 14 (4): 87–97. Retrieved 6 June 2021.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Orser. Encyclopedia of Historical Archaeology. p. 166.
- ^ Talling. London's Lost Rivers. p. 180.
- ^ Rodger. The Safeguard of the Sea. p. 222.
- ^ Rodger. The Safeguard of the Sea. p. 223.
- ^ Rodger. The Safeguard of the Sea. p. 226.
- ^ a b Rodger. The Safeguard of the Sea. p. 231.
- ^ ISBN 9781848320314.
- ^ Rodger. The Safeguard of the Sea. p. 335.
- ^ a b Talling. London's Lost Rivers. p. 182.
- ^ a b Orser. Encyclopedia of Historical Archaeology. p. 167.
- ^ Summer Excursions in Kent. p. 30.
- ^ a b c d Rodger. The Safeguard of the Sea. p. 336.
- ^ a b Kemp (ed.). The Oxford Companion to Ships and the Sea. p. 240.
- ^ Lavery. The Ship of the Line. p. 14.
- ^ Rodger. The Safeguard of the Sea. p. 370.
- ^ Rodger. The Safeguard of the Sea. p. 377.
- ^ Rodger. The Command of the Ocean. p. 46.
- ^ "Former Master Shipwright's House at Royal Dockyard, Deptford". Historic England. Retrieved 18 June 2021.
- ^ a b Browning. Peter the Great. pp. 108–9.
- ^ a b c Kemp (ed.). The Oxford Companion to Ships and the Sea. p. 241.
- ^ a b Coad, Jonathan (2013). Support for the Fleet: Architecture and engineering of the Royal Navy's bases, 1700–1914. Swindon: English Heritage.
- ^ Rodger. The Command of the Ocean. p. 297.
- ^ Lavery (ed.). The Line of Battle. p. 124.
- ^ Lavery, Brian (2017). Wooden Warship Construction. Barnsley, S. Yorks.: Pen & Sword Books.
- ^ Lincoln, Margarette (2018). Trading in War London's Maritime World in the Age of Cook and Nelson. Yale University Press. p. 60.
- ^ Dockland An Illustrated Historical Survey of Life and Work in East London. London: North East London Polytechnic. 1986. p. 117.
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- ^ Paine. Warships of the World to 1900. p. 23.
- ^ Winfield. British Warships in the Age of Sail 1793–1817. pp. 26, 39 & 52.
- ^ Lavery. Nelson's Navy. p. 234.
- ^ a b c Francis, Anthony (2013). Convoys Wharf: post-excavation assessment report (part 1) (PDF). London: Museum of London Archaeology. pp. 16–25. Retrieved 31 August 2023.
- ^ "How The Navy Turned To Steam". The Marine Engineer. 66: 110. May 1943.
- ^ a b c d The Antiquary. p. 205.
- ^ a b c Dews, Nathan (1884). The History of Deptford in the Counties of Kent and Surrey. London: Simpkin, Marshall & Company. p. 266.
- ^ A New Survey of London (Vol. I). London: John Weale. 1853. pp. 344–346.
- ^ 'A HISTORY OF ROPE MAKING' by Edward Sargent, Docklands History Group Meeting, March 2015.
- ^ Skempton, A. W., ed. (2002). A Biographical Dictionary of Civil Engineers in Great Britain and Ireland 1500-1830. London: Thomas Telford Publishing. p. 344.
- ^ "Architecture & Building". The Mechanics' Magazine. XCVI: 337. 20 April 1872.
- ^ a b c Gifford, Lord (Robert) (1861). Analysis of a Portion of the Evidence Taken by the Commissioners Appointed to Inquire Into the Control and Management of Her Majesty's Dockyards. London: Eyre and Spottiswoode. pp. 367–382.
- ^ Hansard, House of Commons, Vol. 177, cc.1160-1168, 6 March 1865.
- ^ Dolman, Frederick (October 1900). "How the Navy is Fed: A Visit to the Principal Victualling Yard". The English Illustrated Magazine. XXIV (205): 8–16.
- ^ a b c d "Dockyards". Encyclopaedia Britannica. 7: 270. 1894.
- ^ "Navy Estimates for the year 1883-1884". Parliamentary Papers (House of Commons). 41: 40. 1883.
- ^ "Navy Accounts (Manufacture and Repairs in Dockyards, 1873-74)". Accounts and Papers of the House of Commons. XLVI: xiii. 1875.
- ^ Hansard, House of Commons, Vol. 59, cc571-2, 17 June 1898.
- ISBN 9781409482406.
- ^ Clowes, Sir William Laird (1897–1903). The royal navy, a history from the earliest times to the present Volume III. London, England: S. Low Marston. p. 4.
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- ^ Harrison, Simon. "Master Shipwright at Deptford Dockyard". threedecks.org. S. Harrison, 2010-2018. Retrieved 27 June 2018.
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- ^ Jones, Horace (21 January 1878). "On the New Metropolitan Markets". Sessional Papers Read at the Royal Institute of British Architects: 115.
- ^ Plan: Foreign Cattle Market at Deptford (UK Parliament Archives).
- ^ a b Pevsner, The Buildings of England - London 2: South (Yale University Press, 1983 & 2002).
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- ^ "Build the Lenox". councilmeetings.lewisham.gov.uk. Lewisham Borough Council. 11 July 2013. Retrieved 19 May 2016.
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References
- The Antiquary. Vol. 1–2. London: E.W. Allen. 1871.
- Summer Excursions in Kent, Along the Banks of the Rivers Thames and Medway. London: W.S. Orr & Co. 1847.
- Peter Kemp, ed. (1976). The Oxford Companion to Ships and the Sea. Oxford: Paladin. ISBN 0-586-08308-1.
- Robert Gardiner, ed. (1992). The Line of Battle: The Sailing Warship 1650-1840. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-561-6.
- Browning, Oscar (1898). Peter the Great. London: Hutchinson & Co.
- ISBN 0-85177-521-7.
- ISBN 0-85177-252-8.
- Orser, Charles E. (2002). Encyclopedia of Historical Archaeology. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-21544-2.
- Paine, Lincoln P. (2000). Warships of the World to 1900. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. ISBN 978-0-395-98414-7.
- ISBN 978-0-14-029724-9.
- ISBN 978-0-14-028896-4.
- Talling, Paul (2011). London's Lost Rivers. Random House. ISBN 978-1-84794-597-6.
- Winfield, Rif (2007). ISBN 978-1-86176-295-5.
- Winfield, Rif (2008). British Warships in the Age of Sail 1793–1817: Design, Construction, Careers and Fates. London: Seaforth. ISBN 978-1-84415-717-4.
External links
- Media related to Deptford Dockyard at Wikimedia Commons
- Scheduled Ancient Monument listing by English Heritage (includes an overview of the history of the dockyard and detailed description of the Tudor Storehouse in the context of the rest of the site). Archived 23 July 2013 at archive.today
- A Geometrical Plan, & North East Elevation of His Majesty's Dock-Yard, at Deptford, with Part of the Town, &c., dated 1755 (Pierre-Charles Canot after Thomas Milton and (?)John Cleveley the Elder)
- Topographic scenic model of the Royal Dockyard at Deptford, London, circa 1774 (National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, London).