Derby Museum and Art Gallery

Coordinates: 52°55′20″N 1°28′46″W / 52.92225°N 1.4795°W / 52.92225; -1.4795
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Derby Museum and Art Gallery
The 1964 extension to the original building houses the museum and art gallery in 2008
Derby Museum and Art Gallery is located in Derbyshire
Derby Museum and Art Gallery
Shown in Derbyshire
Established1879 (1879)
LocationThe Strand, Derby, England
CollectionsJoseph Wright paintings
OwnerDerby City Council
(managed by Derby Museums)
WebsiteOfficial website

Derby Museum and Art Gallery is a museum and art gallery in Derby, England. It was established in 1879, along with Derby Central Library, in a new building designed by Richard Knill Freeman and given to Derby by Michael Thomas Bass. The collection includes a gallery displaying many paintings by Joseph Wright of Derby; there is also a large display of Royal Crown Derby and other porcelain from Derby and the surrounding area. Further displays include archaeology, natural history, geology, military collections and world cultures. The Art Gallery was opened in 1882.

History

The 1876 building mostly housed Derby Central Library but the dividing line with the newer building varied

The museum can trace its start to the formation of the Derby Town and County Museum and Natural History Society on 10 February 1836.

William Mundy, but the offer was rejected.[1]

In 1857,

Smith Institute in Stirling.[4]

The Derby Town and County Museum was finally transferred into the ownership of Derby Corporation in 1870, but there were difficulties in finding space to display the collections. After placing all the artefacts into storage for three years, the museum was finally opened to the public on 28 June 1879.[1] The Art Gallery opened in 1882 and in 1883 the museum had electricity supplied for new lighting.[5]

In 1936 the museum was given a substantial collection of paintings by Alfred E. Goodey who had been collecting art for 50 years. At his death in 1945 he left £13,000 to build an extension to the museum. The extension, which now houses the museum, was completed in 1964.[3] Refurbishment to parts of both the new and old buildings were undertaken in 2010–11.[6]

In 2012, over 1,000 items were stolen from the museum's storage facility between 2 May and 19 June. The museum did not know about the theft until they accessed the facility to remove an item from storage. Stolen items included coins, medals, and watches. A man was charged with receiving stolen goods in connection with the theft in January 2013. Some of the items stolen were recovered.[7][8]

Derby and the Enlightenment connection

A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery, by Joseph Wright of Derby, 1766

Derby was significant in the eighteenth century for its role in the

English Midlands was an area where many key figures of industry and science came together. The Lunar Society included Erasmus Darwin, Matthew Boulton, Joseph Priestley and Josiah Wedgwood with Benjamin Franklin corresponding from America.[9] Erasmus Darwin, grandfather of Charles Darwin, started the Derby Philosophical Society when he moved to Derby in 1783.[10]

Some of the paintings by

The Alchymist in Search of the Philosopher's Stone (1771) and it depicts the discovery of the element phosphorus by German alchemist Hennig Brand in 1669. A flask into which a large quantity of urine has been boiled down is seen bursting into light as the phosphorus, which is abundant in urine, ignites spontaneously in air.[11]

Modern working grand orrery in the museum's Joseph Wright gallery

James Ferguson undertook a series of lectures in Derby in July 1762.[12] They were based on his book Lectures on Select Subjects in Mechanics, Hydrostatics, Pneumatics, Optics &c., published in 1760. In order to illustrate his lectures he used various machines, models and instruments. Wright possibly attended Ferguson's lecture, especially as tickets for the event were available from John Whitehurst, his close neighbour, the clockmaker and scientist. The artist could also have drawn on Whitehurst's practical knowledge to find out more about the orrery and its operation.[13]

Significance of Joseph Wright's paintings

The Alchemist in Search of the Philosopher's Stone, by Joseph Wright
, 1771

These factual paintings are considered to have metaphorical meaning too, the bursting into light of the phosphorus in front of a praying figure signifying the problematic transition from faith to scientific understanding and enlightenment, and the various expressions on the figures around the bird in the airpump indicating concern over the possible inhumanity of the coming age of science.

Lavoisier in France would be executed at the guillotine. The politician and philosopher Edmund Burke, in his famous Reflections on the Revolution in France (1790), tied natural philosophers, and specifically Priestley, to the French Revolution, writing that radicals who supported science in Britain "considered man in their experiments no more than they do mice in an air pump". In the light of this comment, Wright's painting of the bird in the air pump, completed over twenty years earlier, seems particularly prescient.[12]

Because of this web of connections related to science, and the tensions it created which were so subtly illustrated by the art of the painter Joseph Wright of Derby, Derby Museum and Art Gallery, far from being just a collection of fine paintings as the casual visitor might imagine, is significant for being in a place that some would see as having a very significant role in the birth of modern science and industry worldwide. Birmingham, with its science and industry, has been described as the 'silicon valley' of the eighteenth century.[15]

Erasmus Darwin has only a small display. Herbert Spencer, friend of Charles Darwin and originator of the phase "the survival of the fittest", who was born in Derby and has been described as the founder of sociology, does not appear to be mentioned at all.[16]

Wright of Derby

In 2011, Derby City Council announced that it was to use Joseph Wright of Derby to brand the city of Derby. At the same time, the Museum announced that it was "joining forces" with Wikipedia to improve the quality of its information.[17][18] In February 2011 the Museums, Libraries and Archives Council (MLA) announced that it had awarded Designated status to Derby Museum and Art Gallery for its nationally significant holdings of paintings and drawings by Joseph Wright.[19]

Bonnie Prince Charlie room

Bonnie Prince Charlie room today

The museum houses a replica of the room in Derby where Charles Edward Stuart held his council of war in 1745, while on his way south to seize the British crown. The panelling is from the original Exeter House, which was demolished in 1854. The panels were brought to the museum, which then received related objects as donations. Queen Victoria provided an original letter of Bonnie Prince Charlie from her own collection.[20]

Other artists

Besides the Wright collection there are also works by Benjamin West, E. E. Clark, Robert Priseman, Harold Gresley, Alfred John Keene, Georg Holtzendorff, David Payne, George and William Lakin Turner, Ernest Townsend, Samuel and Louise Rayner.[3]

Soldier's Story gallery

The Soldier's Story gallery[21] is dedicated to the history of the 9th/12th Royal Lancers, the Sherwood Foresters and the Derbyshire Yeomanry.[22]

Wider collection

The mounted figure on the Repton Stone in the museum has been identified as King Æthelbald of Mercia

A fragment of a cross shaft from Repton includes on one face a carved image of a mounted man which, it has been suggested, may be a memorial to Æthelbald of Mercia. The figure is of a man wearing mail armour and brandishing a sword and shield, with a diadem around his head. In 757, Æthelbald was killed at Seckington, Warwickshire, near the royal seat of Tamworth and buried at Repton, Derbyshire. If this is Æthelbald, it would make it the earliest large-scale pictorial representation of an English monarch.[23][24]

The museum has a large collection of items from the Bretby Art Pottery.[25]

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Derby Museum and Art Gallery.

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g Newsletter of the Geological Curators Club Archived 16 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine, Vol 1, No. 8, 1976. Retrieved 26 February 2011.
  2. ^ Glover, Stephen (1829). The history and directory of the borough of Derby, a guide p.430.
  3. ^
    ISBN 1-85983-379-9
    .
  4. ^ Old Town Cemetery, Stirling Archived 24 October 2011 at the Wayback Machine, accessed February 2011
  5. ^ "Derby Museum and Art Gallery: Home to a fascinating range of nationally important collections". Derbyshire Gazette. 28 March 2018. Archived from the original on 22 June 2018. Retrieved 22 June 2018.
  6. ^ "Closure could be small step back for a giant leap forward. The building was closed on 18 October so asbestos could be removed and other refurbishment work started. A lighting upgrade and installation of a disabled lift will continue, with completion expected in March 2011". Evening Telegraph. 19 October 2010.
  7. ^ "Derby museum theft: Police arrest two men". BBC. 29 August 2012. Retrieved 10 September 2018.
  8. ^ "Derby museum theft: Man charged". BBC. 16 January 2013. Retrieved 10 September 2018.
  9. ^ Lunar Archived 7 February 2008 at the Wayback Machine, jquarter.members.beeb.net
  10. ISBN 0-7190-0370-9
    .
  11. ^ Vertesi, Janet. "Light and Enlightenment in Joseph Wright of Derby's The Alchymist". ReoCities. Archived from the original on 4 October 2012. Retrieved 26 April 2011.
  12. ^ a b c "Search.revolutionaryplayers.org.uk". Archived from the original on 16 March 2007. Retrieved 19 June 2012.
  13. ISBN 0-7100-6284-2
  14. ISBN 978-0-271-02459-2
  15. ^ Herman, Arthur (7 September 2002). "BOOKS: The outsiders who made the future by moonlight". The Scotsman. Retrieved 9 February 2018.
  16. ^ "Famous Derbyshire People: Herbert Spencer 1820–1903". derbyshireuk.net. Retrieved 24 April 2013.
  17. ^ Green, Kirsty (15 January 2011). "City curators unveil hidden treasures to website Wikipedia". Derby Telegraph.
  18. ^ "Derby Museums and Wikipedia Join Forces to Improve Content". Derby.gov.uk. 20 January 2011. Archived from the original on 16 June 2011. Retrieved 29 January 2011.
  19. ^ MLA.gov.uk Archived 21 February 2011 at the Wayback Machine
  20. ^ "Architecture treasure - Exeter House Panelling". Derby Museum and Art Gallery. Derby.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 27 September 2011.
  21. ^ "Soldiers Story Gallery". Derby Museums. Retrieved 9 February 2018.
  22. ^ Hawley, Zena (11 August 2015). "Soldiers' Story gallery celebrates Derby's 300-year link with the Lancers". Derby Telegraph. Archived from the original on 25 December 2015. Retrieved 4 January 2016.
  23. S2CID 162992853
    . Retrieved 1 December 2020.
  24. ISBN 0-631-22492-0
    .
  25. ^ Paling, Melanie (1987). Art Pottery, Accepting the Inevitable.

External links

52°55′20″N 1°28′46″W / 52.92225°N 1.4795°W / 52.92225; -1.4795

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