Deuteropoda
| Deuteropoda | |
|---|---|
| |
| Life restoration of Kylinxia zhangi , a basal deuteropod
| |
| |
| Life restoration of Surusicaris, a likely basal deuteropod | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| (unranked): | Deuteropoda Ortega-Hernández 2016[1] |
| Subphyla and classes | |
Deuteropoda is a proposed
biramous limbs.[1]
The clade contains all living
arthropods (i.e. chelicerates and mandibulates) as well as several fossil groups that share these characteristics (e.g. Fuxianhuiida Megacheira, Isoxyida, and Artiopoda), while excluding other fossil groups that are more 'basal' or 'primitive' (e.g. radiodonts, opabiniids and lobopodians).[1][3] Members of Deuteropda that are basal to the last common ancestor of chelicerates and mandibulates (and thus lie outside the crown group of Arthropoda) are often referred to as "upper stem group arthropods".[1]
Defining characteristics
Members of Deuteropoda are characterized by the presence of a differentiated
protocerebral' appendages, which presumably have evolved to be the labrum of modern living arthropods.[3]
Phylogeny
The cladogram below is a possible panarthropod phylogeny, taking into account the differentiation between "lower stem group arthropods" and "upper stem group arthropods", based on cladograms found in Zeng et al. 2020 and O'Flynn at al. 2022.[4][5] (living groups are marked in bold). Not all parts of this cladogram are widely accepted, as some studies have found Isoxyida, Megacheira, Fuxianhuiida, and/or Artiopoda to lie outside of crown group Arthropoda,[6][7] while some other studies have found a closer relationship to Chelicerata than to Mandibulata for Artiopoda.[7]
| Panarthropoda | "lower stem group" "upper stem group" + crown group | |
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