Diceros
| Diceros Temporal range:
Possible Early Miocene record
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| Black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis) | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Perissodactyla |
| Family: | Rhinocerotidae |
| Tribe: | Dicerotini
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| Genus: | Diceros Gray, 1821 |
| Species | |
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Diceros (Greek: "two" (dio), "horn" (keratos)[1]) is a genus of rhinoceros containing the extant black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis) and several extinct species.[2]
Taxonomy
Diceros is more closely related to the genus
Diceros has been suggested by some authors to have branched off from an early species of Ceratotherium, specifically C. neumayri,[4] which has also been assigned to Diceros in some studies.[3] However, other authors have disputed the close relationship between Diceros and "C". neumayri.[3]
The oldest species assigned to the genus is "Diceros" australis from the Early Miocene of Namibia,[5] dating to around 17-18 million years ago.[6] It is only known from fragmentary remains, and its assignment to the genus, and even to Dicerotini have been questioned by other authors.[3] Other species assigned to the genus include Diceros praecox from the Late Miocene (from about 7 million years ago) and the Pliocene of Sub-Saharan Africa.[6] D. praecox has been suggested by some authors to be the ancestor of the modern D. bicornis.[7] Diceros primaevus is known from the Late Miocene (c. 12-10 million years ago) of Algeria.[6][3] Diceros douariensis is known from the Late Miocene of Tunisia and possibly Ethiopia.[6][3] Some authors have assigned this species to Ceratotherium.[8] The species Diceros gansuensis has been reported from the Late Miocene of China,[9] dating to around 10 million years ago.[6] The earliest remains assigned to the modern black rhinoceros are known the Late Miocene (around 7 million years ago) of East Africa.[6]
References
- ^ "Glossary. American Museum of Natural History". Archived from the original on 20 November 2021.
- ISBN 9780520257214.
- ^ ISBN 978-3-030-68441-9, retrieved 2023-11-20
- JSTOR 4524458.
- ^ Guérin C (2000) The Neogene rhinoceroses of Namibia. Palaeontol Africana 36:119–138
- ^ ISSN 0891-2963.
- JSTOR 4524458.
- ^ Pandolfi (2018). Evolutionary history of Rhinocerotina (Mammalia, Perissodactyla). Fossilia, Volume 2018
- ^ DENG Tao, QIU Zhan-Xiang . First Discovery of Diceros (Perissodactyla, Rhinocerotidae) in China [J]. Vertebrata Palasiatica, 2007, 45(4): 287-306.
External links
Extant Perissodactyla (Odd-toed ungulates) species by suborder | |||||||||||||||||
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