Diet of Galicia and Lodomeria
(Redirected from
Diet of Galicia
)
Diet of Galicia and Lodomeria | |
|---|---|
| : Lviv) |
The Diet of the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, and of the Grand Duchy of Cracow was the
Kingdom of Poland and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, and also of the sejmik, or local councils, in the territories of the Austrian Partition. It existed from 1861 until the dissolution of Austria-Hungary
in 1918.
Name
The multi-ethnic nature of the Kingdom resulted in the
, it was called Га́лицький крайови́й сейм, transcribed Hálytsʹkyy krayovýy seym, meaning 'Sejm of Galicia'.Sojm).
History
Lviv University
Parts of the
The Diet was initially dominated by
National Democrats, and the Polish socialists, had their political blocs in the diet around that time.[13]
Composition and organization
As established by the
unicameral, and was made up of 150 deputies.[10][14] All but nine were elected by four different "Curiae", or assemblies of the social classes.[10][15] An electoral system based on curiae was also used in the Imperial Council
of Cisleithania, until 1907.
- The Curia of the Landowners consisted of fifty-two electors chosen from amongst those people who owned land that had previously been owned by the feudal nobility, and paid at least 100 florins a year in tax.[10]These electors had the right to elect forty-four deputies to the Diet.
- The Curia of the Chambers of Commerce consisted of thirty-nine electors from the These electors had the right to elect three deputies, one from each city's chamber of commerce.
- The Curia of the Cities consisted of 2264 electors from important cities.[10] The position of "elector" was granted based on status: those within the two-thirds highest tax bracket were eligible, and others became eligible on the basis of their education, or because they held an important office. Electors usually were members of the clergy, office workers, doctors, teachers at the high schools, and directors of primary schools. These electors had the right to elect twenty-three (increased to 26 in 1863; 31 in 1900) deputies to the Diet.
- The Curia of Other Municipalities consisted of 8764 electors from amongst small-scale rural landowners.[10][16] There were two stages of voting for this curia. In the first stage, the suffrage was determined in the same manner as with the Curia of the Cities: those in the two-thirds highest tax bracket, with a high level of education, or an important office, were eligible. These voters elected the electors, who then elected seventy-four deputies to the Diet, each holding a constituency equivalent to a rural district.
- Nine deputies sat
This system of limited suffrage caused the predominantly Polish landowning class to dominate the Diet.First World War, no further elections to the Diet took place, and hence the fifth curia existed only on paper.
Elections were not held on a regular schedule; they occurred usually every five to six years, upon Emperor's decree.[11] Thus the deputies' term of office lasted about six years.[19] The Diet had ten elections: 1861, 1867, 1870, 1877, 1883, 1889, 1889, 1895, 1901, 1908, and the final one, in 1913.[10]
At first, the deputies met in the
Skarbek Theatre (today Maria Zankovetska National Academic Ukrainian Drama Theater). From 1881, the Diet met in a newly constructed building designed by architect Juliusz Hochberger and with a program of architectural sculpture by Teodor Rygier. The building is now owned by the University of Lviv.[10]
Competences
In the period of 1861 to 1873, the Diet elected 38 representatives from among its deputies to be sent to the Imperial Council of Cisleithania.[11]
The Diet had legislative powers. The legislative initiative was possessed by the Emperor, along with the Diet executive (six deputies and the Marshal), and all individual deputies.[17][19] It could debate and pass laws related to many issues in the field of education, culture, welfare, justice, public works, administration, religion and military.[17][19] It could also impose supplementary taxes, up to 10% of the direct tax.[19]
Marshal and Vice-Marshal
The position of 'Marshal' was equivalent to the position of '
presiding officer
of the Diet.
- Prince Leon Sapieha (April 11, 1861 – March 19, 1875)
- Spiridon Lytvynovych(1861–1868)
- Julian Lawriwsky (1869–1872)
- Ivan Stupnytskyi (1873–1875)
- Count Alfred Józef Potocki (March 19 – December 1875)
- Ivan Stupnytskyi (1875)
- Count Włodzimierz Dzieduszycki (March 7, 1876 – 1876)
- Ivan Stupnytskyi (1875–1876)
- Count Ludwik Wodzicki (August 8, 1877 – 1881)
- Ivan Stupnytskyi (1877–1881)
- Mikołaj Zyblikiewicz (September 14, 1881 – November 6, 1886)
- Ivan Stupnytskyi (1881–1882)
- Sylvester Sembratovych(1883–1886)
- Count Jan Tarnowski (November 18, 1886 – 1890)
- Sylvester Sembratovych (1886–1890)
- Prince Eustachy Sanguszko (October 14, 1890 – September 24, 1895)
- Sylvester Sembratovych (1890–1895)
- Count Stanisław Badeni (October 31, 1895 – October 7, 1901), 1st time
- Sylvester Sembratovych(1895–1897)
- Kostyantyn Chekhovych (1897–1901)
- Count Andrzej Kazimierz Potocki (October 9, 1901 – 1903)
- Andrey Sheptytsky (1901–1903)
- Count Stanisław Badeni (June 26, 1903 – April 2, 1913), 2nd time
- Andrey Sheptytsky (1903–1910)
- Kostyantyn Chekhovych (1912)
- Andrey Sheptytsky (1913)
- Adam Gołuchowski von Gołuchowo (December 5, 1913 – April 15, 1914)
- Kostyantyn Chekhovych (1913–1914)
- Stanisław Niezabitowski (May 15, 1914 – November 1918)
Notable members
Notable members of the Diet of Galicia and Lodomeria include:[20]
- Dawid Abrahamowicz
- Stanisław M Badeni
- Michał Bobrzyński
- Jakub Bojko
- Julian A. Dunajewski
- Aleksander Fredro
- Adam Gołuchowski
- Agenor Gołuchowski
- Kazimierz Grocholski
- Stepan Kachala
- Hryhoriy Khomyshyn
- Stanisław Niezbitowski
- Anthony Petrushevych
- Eustachy Sanguszko
- Leon Sapieha
- Lonhyn Tsehelsky
- Franciszek Smolka
- Jan Stapiński
- Ludwik Wodzicki
- Hryhoriy Yakhymovych
- Filip Zaleski
- Wacław Artur Zaleski
- Mikołaj Zyblikiewicz
References
- Count Friedrich Ferdinand von Beust). Letter on Galician Autonomy, 1868(PDF). Retrieved 7 April 2014.
- ^ Henry de Worms, Baron Pirbright (1877). The Austro-Hungarian Empire: A Political Sketch of Men and Events Since 1866. Chapman and Hall. pp. 278–79. Retrieved 7 April 2014.
Diet of the kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - OCLC 462000518.
- ^ ISBN 978-0-7818-0637-4. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
- ^ Bronisław Łoziński (1905). Galicyjski sejm stanowy, 1817-1845. Ksiȩg. H. Altenberga. p. 23. Retrieved 1 November 2012.
- ISBN 978-83-7059-052-9. Retrieved 1 November 2012.
- ISBN 978-0-7818-0637-4. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
- ISBN 978-0-7818-0637-4. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
- )
- ^ ISBN 978-0-7818-0637-4. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
- ^ ISBN 978-0-7818-0637-4. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
- ^ ISBN 978-0-7818-0637-4. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
- ^ ISBN 978-0-7818-0637-4. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
- ^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 11 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 401–402, see page 402, para 4.
The local Diet is composed of 151 members, including.....
- ISBN 978-0-7818-0637-4. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
- ISBN 978-0-7818-0637-4. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
- ^ ISBN 978-0-7818-0637-4. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
- ^ ISBN 3700128711.
- ^ ISBN 978-0-7818-0637-4. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
- ISBN 978-0-7818-0637-4. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Diet of Galicia and Lodomeria.
- Diet, provincial (kraiovyi soim). Entry in the Encyclopedia of Ukraine, vol. 1 (1984).
.svg){kind=small}
| Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1569–1795) | Only a limited number of individual sejms of this era is listed here
|
|---|
| Partitioned Poland (1795–1918) |
|---|
| Second Polish Republic (1918–39) |
|---|
| Polish Underground State (1939–45) |
|---|
People's Republic of Poland
(1945–89)
- State National Council (1943–47)
- Legislative Sejm (1947–52)
- First Term Sejm (1952–56)
- Second Term Sejm (1957–61)
- Third Term Sejm (1961–65)
- Fourth Term Sejm (1965–69)
- Fifth Term Sejm (1969–72)
- Sixth Term Sejm (1972–76)
- Seventh Term Sejm (1976–80)
- Eight Term Sejm (1980–85)
- Ninth Term Sejm (1985–89)
- Tenth Term (Contract) Sejm (1989)
| Republic of Poland (since 1990) |
|---|
- See also
- Seimas of Lithuania, Seimas of Lithuania
 Legislatures of Austria–Hungary | |
|---|---|
| Cisleithania: Imperial Council | |
Transleithania: Diet of Hungary | |
| Imperial Condominium | |
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Other | |
