Dilruba

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Dilruba
Sikh boy playing the Dilruba
String instrument
Other namesDilrupa
Classification Bowed string instrument
DevelopedIndia
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The dilruba (also spelled dilrupa)

bowed musical instrument originating in India. It is slightly larger than an esraj and has a larger, square resonance box. The dilruba holds particular importance in Sikh
history.

It became more widely known outside India in the 1960s through use in songs by Western artists, such as the Beatles during their psychedelic phase (most notably in the song "Within You Without You").

Etymology

The name of the instrument derives from the Persianized Hindustani word دلربا/दिलरुबा (dilrubā), literally meaning "that which ravishes or steals the heart."[2]

History

The traditional story is that the dilruba was invented around 300 years ago by the 10th Sikh Guru, Guru Gobind Singh, who based it on the much older and much heavier taus.[1][3] His innovations made it more convenient for the Sikh army (the khalsa) to carry the instrument on horseback.[4]

There is some doubt in the research community about the truth of the traditional origin story described above.[5] Some traditional kirtan bearers, such as Bhai Avtar Singh Raagi, have clarified the history of the dilruba's creation being tied to the patronage of Maharaja Bhupinder Singh and created by Mahant Gajja Singh.[6]

After the introduction of the

harmonium to the Indian Subcontinent by the British Raj, the dilruba fell out of use due to its comparatively steeper learning curve. In more recent times, it has had a resurgence, accompanying ragis in the Harmandir Sahib (Golden Temple) since 2006,[5]
and becoming more commonly taught within India and around the world.

Construction

The instrument has a medium-sized

Indian music.[9]

References

  1. ^
    ISBN 978-1-905863-29-7
    .
  2. ^ Khalsa, Sukhmandir (4 June 2017). "Dilruba: Ravisher of the Heart". Learning Religions. Retrieved 17 December 2020.
  3. ISBN 978-8-1738-0736-7
    .
  4. ^ "Rarely played Indian instruments". Radioandmusic.com. 29 March 2018. Retrieved 26 January 2020.
  5. ^ a b Kaur Khalsa, Nirinjan (2014). "The Renaissance of Sikh Devotional Music Memory, Identity, Orthopraxy" (PDF). Retrieved 26 October 2021. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  6. ^ "Clearing misconceptions on the history of the Dilruba - Bhai Avtar Singh Ji Ragi". YouTube. Archived from the original on 12 December 2021.
  7. JSTOR 834150
    . Retrieved 13 April 2022.
  8. JSTOR 834150
    . Retrieved 13 April 2022.
  9. ^ "Dilruba". Discover Sikhism. 8 March 2020. Retrieved 8 March 2020.

External links

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dilruba&oldid=1201976252"