Disulfur decafluoride

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Disulfur decafluoride
Wireframe model of disulfur decafluoride
Ball-and-stick model of disulfur decafluoride
Ball-and-stick model of disulfur decafluoride
Space-filling model of disulfur decafluoride
Space-filling model of disulfur decafluoride
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
Disulfur decafluoride
Systematic IUPAC name
Decafluoro-1λ6,2λ6-disulfane
Other names
Sulfur pentafluoride
TL-70
Agent Z
Identifiers
3D model (
JSmol
)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard
 100.024.732 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 227-204-4
MeSH Disulfur+decafluoride
RTECS number
  • WS4480000
UNII
UN number 3287
  • InChI=1S/F10S2/c1-11(2,3,4,5)12(6,7,8,9)10
    Key: BPFZRKQDXVZTFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • FS(F)(F)(F)(F)S(F)(F)(F)(F)F
Properties
S2F10
Molar mass 254.10 g·mol−1
Appearance colorless liquid
Odor like sulfur dioxide[1]
Density 2.08 g/cm3
Melting point −53 °C (−63 °F; 220 K)
Boiling point 30.1691 °C (86.3044 °F; 303.3191 K)
insoluble[2]
Vapor pressure 561 mmHg (20 °C)[1]
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards
 Poisonous
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 4: Very short exposure could cause death or major residual injury. E.g. VX gasFlammability 0: Will not burn. E.g. waterInstability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazard OX: Oxidizer. E.g. potassium perchlorate
4
0
0
OX
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
2000 mg/m3 (rat, 10 min)
1000 mg/m3 (mouse, 10 min)
4000 mg/m3 (rabbit, 10 min)
4000 mg/m3 (guinea pig, 10 min)
4000 mg/m3 (dog, 10 min)[3]
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
 TWA 0.025 ppm (0.25 mg/m3)[1]
REL (Recommended)
 C 0.01 ppm (0.1 mg/m3)[1]
IDLH
(Immediate danger)
 1 ppm[1]
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

Disulfur decafluoride is a

toxic, with toxicity four times that of phosgene
.

It is a colorless liquid with a burnt match smell similar to sulfur dioxide.[1]

Production

Disulfur decafluoride is produced by

photolysis of SF5Br:[6]

2 SF5Br → S2F10 + Br2

Disulfur decafluoride arises by the decomposition of

transmission lines, substations and switchgear
. S2F10 is also made during the production of SF6.

Properties

The S-S bond dissociation energy is 305 ± 21 kJ/mol, about 80 kJ/mol stronger than the S-S bond in

diphenyldisulfide
.

At temperatures above 150 °C, S
2F
10 decomposes slowly (disproportionation) into SF
6 and SF
4:

S2F10 → SF6 + SF4

S
2F
10 reacts with N
2F
4 to give SF
5NF
2. It reacts with SO
2 to form SF
5OSO
2F in the presence of ultraviolet radiation.

S
2F
10 + N
2F
4 → 2 SF
5NF
2

In the presence of excess chlorine gas, S
2F
10 reacts to form sulfur chloride pentafluoride (SF
5Cl):

S
2F
10 + Cl
2 → 2 SF
5Cl

The analogous reaction with bromine is reversible and yields SF
5Br.[7] The reversibility of this reaction can be used to synthesize S
2F
10 from SF
5Br.[8]

Ammonia is oxidised by S
2F
10 into NSF
3.[9]

Toxicity

S
2F
10 was considered a potential

lacrimation
or skin irritation, thus providing little warning of exposure. Disulfur decafluoride is a colorless gas or liquid with a SO2-like odor.[10] It is about four times as poisonous as phosgene. Its toxicity is thought to be caused by its disproportionation in the lungs into SF
6, which is inert, and SF
4, which reacts with moisture to form sulfurous acid and hydrofluoric acid.[11]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0579". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  2. ^ "Disulphur Decafluoride | 5714-22-7".
  3. ^ "Sulfur pentafluoride". Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  4. doi:10.1039/JR9340001346
    .
  5. doi:10.1021/ja01108a015
    .
  6. doi:10.1016/S0022-1139(97)00096-1
    .
  7. doi:10.1021/ic50034a025
    .
  8. doi:10.1016/S0022-1139(97)00096-1
    .
  9. ISBN 978-0-7484-0245-8
    .
  10. ^ "Sulfur Pentaflu". 1988 OSHA PEL Project. CDC NIOSH. 28 February 2020.
  11. ISBN 978-981-238-153-8
    .

External links
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