The Chicks

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Dixie Chicks
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The Chicks
Country band the Chicks performing onstage
The Dixie Chicks in Austin, Texas, in 2006
Background information
Also known asDixie Chicks
OriginDallas, Texas, U.S.
Genres
Years active1989–present
Labels
SpinoffsCourt Yard Hounds
Members
Past members
  • Robin Lynn Macy
  • Laura Lynch
Websitethechicks.com

The Chicks (formerly the Dixie Chicks) are an American

major label
. In 1992, Macy left and Lynch became the lead vocalist.

Upon signing with Monument Records Nashville in 1997 and replacing Lynch with Maines, the Dixie Chicks achieved success with their albums Wide Open Spaces (1998) and Fly (1999). After Monument closed its Nashville branch, the Dixie Chicks moved to Columbia Records for Home (2002). These albums achieved multi-platinum sales in the United States, Canada, and Australia, along with several charting singles on the American Billboard Hot Country Songs charts. "There's Your Trouble", "Wide Open Spaces", "You Were Mine", "Cowboy Take Me Away", "Without You", and a cover of Bruce Robison's "Travelin' Soldier" reached number one. The Dixie Chicks also reached number one on the Adult Contemporary chart with their 2002 cover of Fleetwood Mac's "Landslide".

Days before the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Maines told a London audience that the Dixie Chicks did not endorse the war and were ashamed of US President George W. Bush being from Texas. The remarks triggered boycotts in the US and a backlash from fans. After a hiatus, the Dixie Chicks released Taking the Long Way in 2006, an album informed by the backlash. "Not Ready to Make Nice" became their biggest crossover single, reaching number four on the Billboard Hot 100. After another hiatus, Maguire and Strayer released an album in 2009 as the Court Yard Hounds. The Dixie Chicks reunited to tour in the 2010s. In 2020, they removed "Dixie" from their name due to negative connotations, and released their first album in 14 years, Gaslighter.

The Chicks have won 13

Nielsen SoundScan began recording sales in 1991.[3][4][5]

History

1989–1995: Original bluegrass group

The Chicks were founded in 1989 as the Dixie Chicks by Laura Lynch on

upright bass, Robin Lynn Macy on guitar, and the multi-instrumentalist sisters Martie and Emily Erwin. The Erwin sisters later married and both changed their names twice (Martie to Martie Seidel, then Martie Maguire; Emily to Emily Robison, then Emily Strayer). The band name was taken from the album Dixie Chicken by Lowell George of Little Feat.[6] They initially played predominantly bluegrass and a mix of country standards. All four women played and sang, though Maguire and Strayer provided most of the instrumentation while Lynch and Macy shared lead vocals. Maguire primarily played fiddle, mandolin, and viola, while Strayer's specialties included five-stringed banjo and dobro.[citation needed
]

In 1990, Penny Cook, the daughter of the senator John Tower, gave the Dixie Chicks $10,000 to record an album. Their first studio album, Thank Heavens for Dale Evans, was named after the pioneering performer Dale Evans.[7] They paid $5,000 for the 14-track album.[8] It included two instrumentals. In 1987, Maguire (still known then as Martie Erwin) had won second place, and in 1989, third place in the national fiddle championships held at the Walnut Valley Festival in Winfield, Kansas.[9]

A Christmas single was released at the end of the year – a 45 RPM

radio show A Prairie Home Companion,[11] they did not get much national airplay.[citation needed
]

The Dixie Chicks began building a fan base, winning the prize for "best band" at the 1990 Telluride Bluegrass Festival and opening for established country music artists, including such names as Garth Brooks, Reba McEntire, and George Strait.[8]

In 1992, a second independent album,

harmonies.[citation needed] Reviewing their show the Birchmere, Virginia in 1992, The Washington Post wrote that "record label executives will be kicking themselves soon enough ... these Chicks have what it takes to make the big time, yet no major label has taken the plunge to sign them."[14]

Lynch became lead singer on the Dixie Chicks' third album,

Sony Music Entertainment's Nashville division. The deal was finalized with Sony over mid-1995,[15] and Lynch was replaced by Maines.[16]

Accounts of Lynch's departure vary. At the time, the sisters said she had been considering leaving for over a year as she was weary of touring and hoped to spend more time with her daughter.[15] Lynch offered to stay for the first recordings on the new album, but the sisters thought it would send the wrong message to Sony; they all agreed she would leave before the new album.[15] In a 1996 interview, Lynch said, "It can't really be characterized as a resignation. There are three Dixie Chicks, and I'm only one."[17] In 2003, Lynch said she had no regrets about leaving.[18]

1995–2000: Commercial success with Wide Open Spaces and Fly

The Dixie Chicks at the Country for Kids concert in 1998 in Stafford, Virginia

With the addition of Natalie Maines, the new lineup had a more contemporary sound, as well as a new look, leaving their cowgirl dresses with their past, giving the band a broader appeal.[1] Renshaw sent staff producer Blake Chancey to Austin to work with the band.[citation needed]

After Maines joined the band, the instrumental lineup was essentially the same, though Maines was not an acoustic bassist. Instead, she played

five-string banjo and dobro, while Maguire began adding guitar, viola, and mandolin chops more frequently to her expert fiddle. The sisters welcomed the change; Maguire said, "It's very rootsy, but then Natalie comes in with a rock and blues influence. That gave Emily and [me] a chance to branch out, because we loved those kinds of music but felt limited by our instruments."[19]

Within the next year, Sony came to Austin to see the revamped Dixie Chicks and committed to sign them to a long-term deal and they were selected as the first new artist on the newly revived Monument Records label. A single "I Can Love You Better" was released in October 1997, and reached the Top 10 on American country music charts, while the new lineup recorded the rest of their debut album. Wide Open Spaces was released on January 23, 1998.[20]

Over the space of a year, the next three singles from Wide Open Spaces reached first place on the Country charts: "There's Your Trouble", "You Were Mine", and the title track. The album added a widespread audience to their original following, entering the top five on both country and pop charts[21] with initial sales of 12 million copies in the country music arena alone, setting a record for the best-selling duo or group album in country music history.[1] As of 2003, the 12 million copies sold in the United States of Wide Open Spaces made it a RIAA-certified diamond album.[22]

In 1998, the Dixie Chicks sold more CDs than all other country music groups combined.[23][24] Big Country music took note of the Dixie Chicks, awarding them the Horizon Award for new artists in 1998, given to those who have "demonstrated the most significant creative growth and development in overall chart and sales activity, live performance professionalism and critical media recognition".[25][26] By 1999, the album won the new lineup their first Grammy Awards as well as acclaim from the Country Music Association, the Academy of Country Music, and other high-profile awards.

On August 31, 1999, the Dixie Chicks released another album,

RIAA certified diamond albums.[20] Nine singles were released from Fly, including country No. 1s "Cowboy Take Me Away" and "Without You". Dixie Chicks albums continued to place in the list of the 50 best-selling albums in American history over a half-decade after they were released.[27] Fly again won Grammy awards and honors from the Country Music Association and the Academy of Country Music, and the Dixie Chicks received a number of honors from other sources for their accomplishments.[28] The band headlined their first tour, the Fly Tour, with guest artists including Joe Ely and Ricky Skaggs appearing at each show,[29] and also joined Sarah McLachlan, Sheryl Crow, and other female artists on the all-woman touring Lilith Fair.[30]

The source of the Dixie Chicks' commercial success during this time came from various factors: they wrote or co-wrote about half of the songs on Wide Open Spaces and Fly; their mixture of bluegrass, mainstream country music, blues, and pop songs appealed to a wide spectrum of record buyers, and where the women had once dressed as "cowgirls" with Lynch, their dress was now more contemporary.[1]

"Cowboy Take Me Away" from Fly became another

country singer Charlie Robison, whom Emily subsequently married, exchanging her surname for Robison. However, a few of their songs brought controversy within their conservative country music fan base, and two songs caused some radio stations to remove the Dixie Chicks from their playlists: "Sin Wagon", from which the term "mattress dancing" takes on a new twist, and "Goodbye Earl", a song that uses black comedy in telling the story of the unabashed murderer of an abusive husband. (The band later made a video portraying the nefarious deed, with actor Dennis Franz playing the murdered husband.) In an interview, Maines commented about Sony worrying about the reference to "mattress dancing" in "Sin Wagon", refusing to discuss it in interviews. She said, "Our manager jokes, 'You can't say mattress dancing, but they love the song about premeditated first degree murder'! She continues, " ... so it's funny to us that "mattress dancing" is out and murder is in!"[31]

2001–2002: Record label dispute and Home

After the commercial success of their first two albums, the band became involved in a dispute with their record label,

Sony Music Entertainment on August 27,[34] which added clout to claims made by singers Courtney Love, Aimee Mann, and LeAnn Rimes against the recording industry.[35] After months of negotiation, the Dixie Chicks settled their suit privately, and were awarded their own record label imprint, Open Wide Records, which afforded them more control, a better contract, and an increase in royalty payments, with Sony still responsible for marketing and distribution of albums.[23][36]

During the time that they worked with Sony to reconcile their differences, the Dixie Chicks debuted their quiet, unadorned song "I Believe in Love" on the

September 11, 2001 attacks. The three women found themselves home, in Texas, each happily married, planning families, and writing songs closer to their roots, without the usual pressures of the studio technicians from the major labels. The songs they didn't write were solicited from songwriters who wrote with a less commercial emphasis.[37] The result was that Home, independently produced by Lloyd Maines and the Dixie Chicks, was released August 27, 2002.[20]

Unlike the Dixie Chicks' two previous records, Home is dominated by up-tempo bluegrass and pensive ballads; and Emmylou Harris added her vocals to "Godspeed". In addition, the text of the opening track and first single, "Long Time Gone", was a pointed criticism of contemporary country music radio, accusing it of ignoring the soul of the genre as exemplified by Merle Haggard, Johnny Cash, and Hank Williams. "Long Time Gone" became the Dixie Chicks' first Top 10 hit on the U.S. pop singles chart and peaked at No. 2 on the country chart, becoming a major success. Approximately six million copies of Home were sold in the United States.[38]

Home also won Grammy awards, and other noteworthy accolades as before, though it fell short of reaching the diamond record status of the first two albums. Natalie Maines said afterward, "I want to check the record books and see how many fathers and daughters have won Grammys together."[39]

By 2002, the Dixie Chicks were featured on three television specials:

Céline Dion, Shakira, Anastacia, Stevie Nicks, Mary J. Blige, Cyndi Lauper, Whitney Houston and host Ellen DeGeneres; and a CMT three-hour television special, the 40 Greatest Women of Country Music. Ranked No. 13 out of 40, they were "selected by hundreds of artists, music historians, music journalists and music industry professionals—looking at every aspect of what a great artist is".[40]

2003–2005: Comments on George W. Bush and backlash

On March 10, 2003, the Dixie Chicks performed at the

President George W. Bush was from Texas.[42] Maines's remark triggered a backlash in the United States.[42] The Dixie Chicks were blacklisted by thousands of country radio stations,[43] and the band members received death threats.[44] Maines issued an apology, saying her remark had been disrespectful; in 2006 she rescinded the apology, saying she felt Bush deserved no respect.[43] Their single "Landslide", a Fleetwood Mac cover, fell from number 10 to 43 on the Billboard Hot 100 in one week and left the chart a week later.[45] The backlash also damaged sales of their next album and tour.[46]

The Dixie Chicks performing at Madison Square Garden on June 20, 2003, during the Top of the World Tour

In 2005,

Habitat For Humanity and the American Federation of Musicians Gulf Coast Relief Fund.[47][48][49]

In October 2004, the Dixie Chicks joined the

swing states, raising funds for political groups opposing Bush.[50] In 2005, Maguire, Strayer, and Maines joined with 31 other recording artists, including Dolly Parton, Christina Aguilera, Yoko Ono, and Mandy Moore supporting relationships of all kinds, regardless of sexual orientation or gender identity, on a two-disc release titled Love Rocks, with their song from the album Home called "I Believe in Love".[51]

2006–2007: Taking the Long Way and Shut Up and Sing

On March 16, 2006, the Dixie Chicks released the single "Not Ready to Make Nice" in advance of their upcoming album. Cowritten with Dan Wilson, it addressed the political controversy that had surrounded the group for the previous three years.[52] Strayer said, "The stakes were definitely higher on that song. We knew it was special because it was so autobiographical, and we had to get it right. And once we had that song done, it freed us up to do the rest of the album without that burden." She said writing the song had become their "therapy", since they had to hold in so many stored emotions for so long. Thus, the band considered the album not so much political as very personal.[53]

The question of how the group's new record would fare commercially attracted intense media interest.

gold record within its first week, despite having little or no airplay in areas that had once embraced them. The Dixie Chicks became the first female band in chart history to have three albums debut at No. 1.[56]

Both "Not Ready to Make Nice" and second single "Everybody Knows" were largely ignored by U.S. country radio[57] and failed to penetrate the top 35 of the Hot Country Songs chart. In June 2006, Emily Strayer noted the lack of support from other country music performers: "A lot of artists cashed in on being against what we said or what we stood for because that was promoting their career, which was a horrible thing to do. ... A lot of pandering started going on, and you'd see soldiers and the American flag in every video. It became a sickening display of ultra-patriotism."[57]

Maines said, "The entire country may disagree with me, but I don't understand the necessity for patriotism. Why do you have to be a patriot? About what? This land is our land? Why? You can like where you live and like your life, but as for loving the whole country ... I don't see why people care about patriotism."[57] In Europe, however, the two singles were well received by country radio, peaking at Nos. 13 and 11 respectively and remaining on the European Country Charts for more than 20 weeks each.[58]

The Accidents & Accusations Tour began in July 2006. Ticket sales were strong in Canada and in some Northeastern markets, but notably weak in other areas. A number of shows were canceled or relocated to smaller venues due to poor sales, and in Houston, Texas, tickets never even went on sale when local radio stations refused to accept advertising for the event.[59] In August, a re-routed tour schedule was scheduled with a greater emphasis on Canadian dates, where Taking the Long Way had gone five-times-

platinum. The tour's shows themselves generally refrained from any explicit verbal political comments, letting the music, especially the central performance of "Not Ready to Make Nice" (which typically received a thunderous ovation during and after the song), speak for itself. As part of the tour, the Dixie Chicks became the first major band to hire a designated blogger "all-access" to keep up with them in their promotional activities and tour.[60] When the Dixie Chicks performed again at Shepherd's Bush Empire, site of "The Incident", Maines joked that she wanted to say something the audience had not heard before, but instead said, "Just so y'all know, we're ashamed the President of the United States is from Texas," to much laughter and applause.[61]

In 2006, Taking the Long Way was the ninth-best-selling album in the United States. At the

Record of the Year, both for "Not Ready to Make Nice", and Album of the Year, for Taking the Long Way. Maines interpreted the wins as being a show of public support for their advocacy of free speech.[62] It had been 14 years since an artist had swept those three awards.[63]

After the Grammys, Taking the Long Way hit No. 8 on the Billboard 200 and No. 1 on the country album charts and "Not Ready to Make Nice" re-entered the charts at No. 4 on the Billboard Hot 100. The music video for "Not Ready to Make Nice" was nominated for the 2007

CMT Music Video Awards in the categories of Video of the Year and Group Video of the Year, but did not win.[64] The group was nominated for the 2007 Country Music Association's award for Top Vocal Group, but lost to Rascal Flatts.[65]

At the 2006 Toronto International Film Festival, Cabin Creek Films, the production company of documentarian Barbara Kopple, premiered Dixie Chicks: Shut Up and Sing.[66] The documentary follows the Dixie Chicks over the three years since the 2003 London concert remark and covers aspects of their musical and personal lives in addition to the controversy.[67]

An ad for Shut Up and Sing was turned down by

blacklisted for exercising their right of free speech is now itself being blacklisted by corporate America."[68]

2008–2014: Hiatus, Court Yard Hounds and continued touring

At a December 2007 rally in

We Campaign" involving both the Dixie Chicks and Toby Keith was eventually abandoned because of scheduling conflicts.[72]

In January 2010, Maguire and Strayer released new music without Maines

New Meadowlands Stadium in New Jersey. Country singer and guitarist Keith Urban appeared at selected shows.[citation needed
]

The Dixie Chicks appeared in the 2010 music documentary

Beach Boys hit "God Only Knows" for the final episode of the HBO series Big Love.[77] In July 2011, Strayer and Maguire said that new music involving Maines is in the works.[78] In October 2011, the Dixie Chicks played the Concert for Wildfire Relief in Austin, Texas. During the set, Maines stated that there was "zero hesitation" when the group was asked to do the show.[79]

In December 2012, the Dixie Chicks replaced

Amelita. From October 2013 to March 2014, the Dixie Chicks went on their first full-length tour since 2007, the Long Time Gone Tour through various cities across Canada in 2013. The tour incorporated the C2C: Country to Country festival held in London and Dublin during March 2014.[82]

2016–present: MMXVI World Tour, name change and Gaslighter

In June 2015, a European tour was scheduled to commence in

The Netherlands, Scandinavia, the UK and Ireland, however in November 2015, the tour was extended into North America, with over forty shows scheduled across the United States and Canada.[83] The tour was extended to Australia and New Zealand, and was followed by a live album and video, DCX MMXVI Live.[84]

On the 50th anniversary of the Country Music Association Awards on November 2, 2016, the Dixie Chicks performed alongside Beyoncé on her song "Daddy Lessons". A studio version of the performance was released to digital outlets the following day.[85] They also collaborated with Taylor Swift on her song "Soon You'll Get Better" from Swift's 2019 album Lover.[86] On May 3, 2018, the Dixie Chicks' manager, Simon Renshaw, retired after having managed them since 1995. They signed with Ian Montone and Rick Yorn at Monotone/LBI Entertainment.[87]

On June 25, 2020, the band changed their name to the Chicks, dropping the word "Dixie".[88] The change followed criticism that the word had connotations of slavery in the United States.[89][90][a] The band said they had picked "that stupid name" as teenagers, and had wanted to change it for years. They decided to change it when they saw the Confederate flag described as "the Dixie Swastika" on social media in June 2020.[91] They were also inspired by the George Floyd protests and the Black Lives Matter movement, saying it "definitely lit a fire in us to be on the right side of history".[88] They received the blessing of the Chicks, a New Zealand duo, to share the name.[89][92] Alongside the name change, the Chicks released the protest song "March March" with a music video directed by Seanne Farmer, in tribute to social justice movements.[89] They also introduced John Silva as their new manager,[93] with publicity by Cindi Berger of R&CPMK.[94]

On July 17, 2020, the Chicks released their first album in 14 years, Gaslighter, produced by Jack Antonoff.[95] The first single, "Gaslighter", was released on March 4.[96] On August 20, the Chicks performed "The Star-Spangled Banner" at the 2020 Democratic National Convention.[97] On December 22, 2023, Laura Lynch, a member of the Dixie Chicks until 1993, died in a traffic collision near El Paso, Texas, at the age of 65.[98] The Chicks issued a statement saying Lynch was "a bright light" whose "undeniable talents helped propel us beyond busking on street corners to stages all across Texas and the mid-West".[98]

Band members

The Dixie Chicks in 2006. From left: Martie Maguire, Natalie Maines, Emily Strayer

Members

Former members

  • Laura Lynch – lead vocals, harmony and backing vocals, bass (1989–1995; died 2023)[99][100]
  • Robin Lynn Macy – lead vocals, harmony and backing vocals, guitar (1989–1992)

Timeline

Discography

Studio albums

Tours

Set list from the Top of the World Tour: Madison Square Garden, June 20, 2003.

Headlining

Supporting

Co-headlining

Residencies

  • 2023: The Chicks: Six Nights in Vegas

Awards and nominations

See also

Notes

  1. ^ The origin of the word "Dixie" is obscure, see Dixie#Origin of the name.

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Further reading

  • Dickerson, James L. (2000). Dixie Chicks: Down-Home and Backstage. Taylor Trade Publishing. .

External links