Dmitry Donskoy

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For other uses, see Dmitry Donskoy (disambiguation).
Dmitry Donskoy
Alexandra Vasilyevna Velyaminova

Dmitry Ivanovich Donskoy[a] (Russian: Дми́трий Ива́нович Донско́й; 12 October 1350 – 19 May 1389) was Prince of Moscow from 1359 and Grand Prince of Vladimir from 1363 until his death. He was the heir of Ivan II.

He was the first prince of Moscow to openly challenge

Mongol authority in Russia. In traditional Russian historiography, he is regarded as a Russian national hero and a central figure of the Russian Middle Ages. His nickname, Donskoy ("of the Don"), alludes to his great victory against the Tatars in the Battle of Kulikovo (1380), which took place on the Don River.[1] He is venerated as a saint in the Orthodox Church with his feast day on 19 May
.

Early reign

Dmitry was born in

Metropolitan Aleksey served as regent.[citation needed
]

In 1360

Eudoxia.[citation needed
]

The most important event during Dmitry's early reign was to start building the

Rus' principalities acknowledged his authority and contributed troops to the impending struggle against the Horde. By the end of his reign, Dmitry had more than doubled the territory of the Principality of Moscow.[citation needed
]

Struggle against Mamai

Monument to Dmitry Donskoy in front of Marinkina tower (Kolomna Kremlin)

Battle of Vozha River.[3]

Two years later Mamai personally led a large force against Moscow.

Rodion Oslyabya to join the Russian troops. The battle of Kulikovo was opened by single combat between two champions. The Russian champion was Alexander Peresvet. The Horde champion was Temir-murza. The champions killed each other in the first run. Dmitry defeated the Horde.[2] In gratitude for the victory, Dmitry established the Dormition monastery on the Dubenka River and built a church in honor of the Nativity of the Holy Theotokos over the graves of the fallen warriors.[4][5]

The defeated Mamai was presently dethroned by a rival Mongol general,

Vasili I of Moscow without consulting the Khan.[2]

Marriage and children

He was married to Eudoxia of Nizhniy Novgorod. She was a daughter of Dmitry of Suzdal and Vasilisa of Rostov. They had at least twelve children:

  • Daniil Dmitriyevich (c. 1370 – 15 September 1379).
  • Vasiliy I of Moscow (30 September 1371 – 27 February 1425).
  • Sofia Dmitriyevna. Married Fyodor Olegovich,
    Prince of Ryazan
    (reigned 1402–1427).
  • Yuriy Dmitriyevich, Duke of Zvenigorod and Galich (26 November 1374 – 5 June 1434). Claimed the throne of Moscow against his nephew Vasiliy II of Moscow
    .
  • Maria Dmitriyevna (d. 15 May 1399). Married Lengvenis.
  • Anastasia Dmitriyevna. Married Ivan Vsevolodovich, Prince of Kholm.
  • Simeon Dmitrievich (d. 11 September 1379).
  • Ivan Dmitriyevich (d. 1393).
  • Andrey Dmitriyevich, Prince of Mozhaysk (14 August 1382 – 9 July 1432).
  • Pyotr Dmitriyevich, Prince of Dmitrov (29 July 1385 – 10 August 1428).
  • Anna Dmitriyevna (born 8 January 1387). Married Yury Patrikiyevich. Her husband was a son of Patrikas, Prince of Starodub and his wife Helena. His paternal grandfather was Narimantas. The marriage solidified his role as a Boyar attached to Moscow.
  • Konstantin Dmitriyevich, Prince of Pskov (14 May/15 May 1389 – 1433).[3]

Veneration

Demetrius Ioannovich Donskoy
The Military Police of Russia

canonized on 6 June 1988 in Trinity Lavra of St. Sergius by 1988 Local Council of the Russian Orthodox Church under Patriarch Pimen I of Moscow.[6]

Gallery

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Also spelled as Dimitrii or Demetrius; also known as Dmitry of the Don

References

  1. ^ Asimov, Isaac. Asimov's Chronology of the World. New York: HarperCollins, 1989; p. 186.
  2. ^ a b c "Prince Dmitry Donskoy: Victor of the Battle of Kulikovo, who was the first to bring glory to Rus' and unite it". Presidential Library.
  3. ^ a b c ""Heroes of the Kulikovo battle", The State Museum of Military History, Moscow". Archived from the original on 2019-01-02. Retrieved 2019-01-02.
  4. ^ "Lives of the Saints". www.holy-transfiguration.org.
  5. ^ Timofeychev, A. (2017-07-19). "The Battle of Kulikovo: When the Russian nation was born". Russia Beyond the Headlines. Retrieved 2020-01-29.
  6. ^ "ДИМИТРИЙ ИОАННОВИЧ". www.pravenc.ru. Retrieved 2022-01-23.

External links

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Regnal titles
Preceded by Grand Prince of Vladimir
1362–1389 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Prince of Moscow
1359–1389
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