Dnipropetrovsk Oblast
Dnipropetrovsk Oblast
Дніпропетровська область | |
---|---|
Dnipropetrovska oblast[1] | |
Nickname(s): Дніпропетровщина (Dnipropetrovshchyna),
Січеславщина (Sicheslavshchyna) | |
UP04 | |
Website |
Dnipropetrovsk Oblast (
runs through the oblast.In 2019, the Constitutional Court of Ukraine approved the change of the oblast's name to Sicheslav Oblast (Ukrainian: Січеславська область, romanized: Sicheslavska oblast).[6] The change is not yet implemented.
Geography
The Dnipropetrovsk Oblast is located in southeastern Ukraine. The area of the oblast (31,974 km2) comprises about 5.3% of the total area of the country. Its longitude from north to south is 130 km, from east to west – 300 km. The oblast borders the
The
The region possesses major deposits of iron ore and some other metallurgical ores. To exploit them, several large mining companies were founded here in the middle of the 20th century. Most of them are located in Kryvyi Rih itself, which is the longest city in Europe.
Geology
Much of the Dnipropetrovsk region is located within the boundaries of the Ukrainian Shield and only the northern regions and the extreme eastern part of the territory are confined to the south-eastern side of the Dnipro-Donets depression.
In the geological structure of the region, the breeds come from the archaea,[clarification needed] the Proterozoic, the Paleozoic, the Mesozoic and the Cenozoic.
History
In the 6th and 8th centuries, the first settlements of Slavs appeared on the banks of the Dnieper within the region. During the period of
At the beginning of the 15th century,
In 1635, the Polish Government built the Kodak fortress above the Dnieper Rapids at Kodaky, partly as a result of rivalry in the region between Poland, Turkey and the Crimean Khanate,[10] and partly to maintain control over Cossack activity (i.e. to suppress the Cossack raiders and to prevent peasants moving out of the area).[11] On the night of 3 or 4 August 1635, the Cossacks of Ivan Sulyma captured the fort by surprise, burning it down and butchering the garrison of about 200 West European mercenaries under Jean Marion.[11] The fort was rebuilt by French engineer Guillaume Le Vasseur de Beauplan[12] for the Polish Government in 1638, and had a mercenary garrison.[11] Kodak was captured by Zaporozhian Cossacks on 1 October 1648, and was garrisoned by the Cossacks until its demolition in accordance with the Treaty of the Pruth in 1711.[13]
Under the
In December 1796,
On 1 August 1925, the Yekaterinoslav Governorate administration was discontinued, and in 1926 the city of Yekterinoslav was renamed Dnipropetrovsk after communist leader
During the
During the 1991 referendum, 90.36% of votes in Dnipropetrovsk Oblast were in favor of the Declaration of Independence of Ukraine. A survey conducted in December 2014 by the Kyiv International Institute of Sociology found 2.2% of the oblast's population supported their region joining Russia, 89.9% did not support the idea, and the rest were undecided or did not respond.[20]
The city of Dnipropetrovsk was renamed Dnipro in May 2016 as part of the
During the Russian invasion, the cities of
Administrative subdivisions
The following data incorporates the number of each type of administrative divisions of the Dnipropetrovsk Oblast:
- Administrative center – 1 (Dnipro)
- Raions– 7;
- City raions – 18 (Dnipro – 8, Kryvyi Rih – 7, Kamianske −3);
- Settlements – 1504, including:
- Villages – 1438;
- Cities/Towns – 66, including:
- Urban-type settlement – 46;
- Cities – 20.
- Silradas– 288.
The local administration of the oblast is controlled by the Dnipropetrovsk Oblast Rada. The governor of the oblast is the Dnipropetrovsk Oblast Rada speaker, appointed by the President of Ukraine.
Since July 2020, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast consists of the following seven raions:
- Dnipro Raion;
- Kamianske Raion;
- Kryvyi Rih Raion;
- Nikopol Raion;
- Novomoskovsk Raion;
- Pavlohrad Raion;
- Synelnykove Raion.
Demographics
Its population in 2004 was 3,493,062, which constituted 5.3% of the overall Ukrainian population.
- 2273,4 (1939);[32]
- 2704,8 (1959);[33]
- 3343,0 (1970);[34]
- 3639,4 (1979);[35]
- 3881,2 (1989);[36]
- 3899,4 (1990);[37]
- 3908,7 (1991);[37]
- 3918,6 (1992);[37]
- 3936,4 (1993);[37]
- 3923,7 (1994);[37]
- 3888,8 (1995);[38]
- 3848,3 (1996);[38]
- 3805,0 (1997);[38]
- 3758,7 (1998);[38]
- 3714,9 (1999);[38]
- 3662,6 (2000);[38]
- 3612,6 (2001);[38]
- 3567,6 (2002);[38]
- 3532,8 (2003);[38]
- 3502,9 (2004);[38]
- 3476,2 (2005);[38]
- 3447,2 (2006);[38]
- 3422,9 (2007);[38]
- 3398,4 (2008);[38]
- 3374,2 (2009);[38]
- 3355,5 (2010);[38]
- 3336,5 (2011);[38]
- 3320,3 (2012);[38]
- 3307,8 (2013);[38]
- 3292,4 (2014).[39]
At the 2001 census, the ethnic groups within the Dnipropetrovsk Oblast were:[40]
- Ukrainians – 79.3%,
- Russians – 17.6%,
- Belarusians – 0.8%,
- Jews – 0.4%,
- Armenians – 0.3%,
- Azeris– 0.2%,
- Moldovans – 0.12%,
- Romanis – 0.11%,
- Tatars – 0.11%,
- Germans – 0.11%,
- Other – 0.95%;
the groups by native language:
Age structure
- 0–14 years: 14.1% (male 241,006/female 226,216)
- 15–64 years: 70.2% (male 1,100,602/female 1,219,668)
- 65 years and over: 15.7% (male 168,447/female 348,547) (2013 official)
Median age
- total: 40.3 years
- male: 36.6 years
- female: 43.9 years (2013 official)
Religion
A Pew survey of Dnipropetrovsk residents' religious self-identification showed the following distribution of affiliations:
Dnipropetrovsk has one of the most balanced percentage of religious people in the nation mainly due to large number of ethnic groups. The Jewish community is centered in the Dnipro (
Cities and towns
There are 20 cities and towns in Dnipro. Major population centers today result from historical factors — with the advent of the iron development took place predominantly along the
Ranked by population, the oblast's 12 largest municipalities are:
- Dnipro (1,080,846)
- Kryvyi Rih (662,507)
- Kamianske (262,704)
- Nikopol (136,280)
- Pavlohrad (118,816)
- Novomoskovsk (72,439)
- Zhovti Vody (54,370)
- Pokrov (46,532)
- Synelnykove (32,302)
- Ternivka (29,253)
- Pershotravensk (29,140)
- Vilnohirsk (23,782)
Transport
There are eight over-Dnieper bridges and dozens of grade-separated intersections. Several new intersections are under construction. European route E105 cross Left-bank Dnipro from North to South. Highway M04 (Ukraine) and Highway M18 (Ukraine) cross River Dnieper and Dnipro from West to East, entering Kryvyi Rih. Overall, roads are in poor technical condition and maintained inadequately.
oblasts (provinces of Ukraine).As of 2008, NDR's rail system included 3,275 km (2,035 mi) of track, of which 93,3% were electrified. The PDR consists of five sections (directions), the Dnipropetrovsk, Zaporizhzhia, Kryvyi Rih, and Crimea directions. There are 244 railway stations in the NDR system. More than a dozen elektrichka stops are located within the city allowing residents of different neighborhoods to use the suburban trains.
The cities of Dnipro and Kryvyi Rih are served by a local sales-tax-funded bus, tram, metro and trolleybus systems.
Dnipro International Airport is the only international airport in the state and serves as one of the hubs for Dniproavia. The airport has non-stop service to over 20 destinations throughout Ukraine, Russia, and Turkey, as well as to Vienna and Tel Aviv. Kryvyi Rih International Airport provides limited commercial air service.
Environment
The oblast is situated in the steppe region. Forests in the oblast occupy about 3.9% of the oblast's total territory. The average temperature in the winter balances from −3 to −5 °C and in the summer from 22 to 24 °C. The average annual rainfall is 400–490 mm. During the summer, Dnipropetrovsk oblast is very warm (average day temperature in July is 24 to 28 °C (75 to 82 °F), even hot sometimes 34 to 38 °C (90 to 97 °F). Temperatures as high as 36 °C (97 °F) have been recorded in May. Winter is not so cold (average day temperature in January is −3 to 0 °C (25 to 32 °F), but when there is no snow and the wind blows hard, it feels extremely cold. A mix of snow and rain happens usually in December.
The tender climate, mineral sources, and the curative mud allow opportunities for rest and cure within the region. Here there are 21 health-centers and medicated pensions, 10 rest homes, recreation departments and rest camps for children.
The Dnipropetrovsk Oblast has splendid flora and fauna. Here, there are more than 1700 kinds of vegetation, 7500 kinds of animals (including elk, wild boar, dappled deer, roe, hare, fox, wolf, etc.) There are also 114 park and nature objects, including 15 state reserves; 3 nature memorials, 24 local parks; 7 landscape parks; 3 park tracts, which altogether make up approximately 260 square kilometres.
217 rivers flow within the area, including 55 rivers which are longer than 25 km, the major one being the Dnieper, which crosses through the center of the oblast. Also flowing through the region are three major reservoirs, the Kamianske, Dnieper and Kakhovka, and the Dnieper-Kryvyi Rih Canal.
Economy
The Dnipropetrovsk Oblast has a high industry potential. There are 712 basic industrial organizations, including 20 different types of economic activity with about 473,4 thousand workers. The area also produces about 16.9% of the total industry production of Ukraine. This places the Dnipropetrovsk Oblast second in Ukraine (after the neighbouring Donetsk Oblast).
Dnipro is a major industrial centre of Ukraine. It has several facilities devoted to heavy industry that produce a wide range of products, including
ArcelorMittal Kryvyi Rih, owned by ArcelorMittal since 2005 is the largest private company by revenue in Ukraine,[42] producing over 7 million tonnes of crude steel, and mined over 17 million tonnes of iron ore. As of 2011, the company employed about 37,000 people. 4 Iron Ore Enrichment Works of Metinvest are a large contributors to the UA's balance of payments. The third giant – Evraz mining company.
Education
Colleges and universities
Dnipropetrovsk has several colleges and universities:
- Dnipro State Medical University
- Alfred Nobel University
- Oles Honchar Dnipro National University
- Dnipro Polytechnic
- State Chemical Technology University of Ukraine
- Dnipro State Technical University of Railway Transport
- Prednieper State Academy of Construction and Architecture
- Dnipropetrovsk State University of Internal Affairs
- National Metallurgical Academy of Ukraine
- Dnipro Medical Institute of Conventional and Alternative Medicine
- Dniprovskyi State Technical University
- Kryvyi Rih University
- Kryvyi Rih State Pedagogical University
- Kryvyi Rih State University of Economics and Technology
Sport
Region houses the
Recently built Dnipro-Arena has a capacity of 31,003 people. The Dnipro-Arena hosted the 2010 FIFA World Cup qualification game between Ukraine and England on 10 October 2009. The Dnipro Arena was initially chosen as one of the Ukrainian venues for their joint Euro 2012 bid with Poland. However it was dropped from the list in May 2009 as the capacity fell short of the minimum 33,000 seats required by UEFA.[43]
Dnipropetrovsk has a regional federation within Ukrainian bandy and Rink Bandy Federation.
Culture
Historically, Dnieper Ukraine comprised territory that roughly corresponded to the area of Ukraine within the expanding Russian Empire. Ukrainians sometimes call it Great Ukraine (Velyka Ukrayina). Historically, this region is tightly entwined with the history of Ukraine and is considered the heart of the country.
Notable people from Dnipropetrovsk Oblast
- Helena Blavatsky – Russian occultist, philosopher, and author who co-founded the Theosophical Society
- Leonid Brezhnev – General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
- Marharyta Dorozhon – Ukrainian/Israeli Olympic javelin thrower
- Ihor Kolomoyskyi
- Tihon Konstantinov – Moldavian SSR and Moldavian ASSR politician
- Leonid Kuchma – second President of independent Ukraine
- Yulia Tymoshenko – politician and businesswoman
- Pavlo Lazarenko – former Prime Minister of Ukraine
- Viktor Pinchuk
- Mykola Malyshko – sculptor and artist
- Mikhail Nekrich
- Oksana Baiul – figure skater; 1993 World champion and 1994 Olympic champion in ladies' singles
- The Lubavitcher Rebbe – Orthodox rabbi, and third Rebbe (spiritual leader) of the Chabad Lubavitch chasidic movement
- Samuel Seidlin – endocrinologist and nuclear medicine pioneer
- Dmytro Yavornytsky
- Valeriy Lobanovskyi
- Oleksandr Oksanchenko – fighter pilot killed in the Battle of Kyiv in 2022
- Oles Honchar
- Olexander Paul
- Volodymyr Zelensky – current President of Ukraine
- Dnipropetrovsk Maniacs- serial killers
Landmarks
The following historical-cultural sites were nominated to the Seven Wonders of Ukraine.
- Tomb of kosh otaman Sirko
- Troitsk Cathedral
- Church of Virgin Mary Birth
- The walls of Ukrainian defensive line
- Nikolaev.
- William le Vasseur de Beauplan to construct it. The fortress cost around 100,000 Polish zlotys. The dragoon garrison was commanded by the French officer Jean de Marion. Soviet government attempted to destroy the remnants of the fortress in order to eradicate traces of Polish influences on Ukraine by setting a quarry on that site in 1944. The quarry was closed in 1994, but at that time two-thirds of the fortress had been destroyed. Today the site is just ruins, but it is a popular tourist attraction.
- Russo-Turkish War.
Symbols
A Cossack with a musket was an emblem of the
A Cossack with a rifle was restored by the
- Other symbols
Gallery
-
Dnipro
-
Kryvyi Rih
-
Family allotments
-
Dnipro river
-
Zorya mine in Kryvyi Rih
-
Dnipropetrovsk Regional State Administration
See also
- Subdivisions of Ukraine
- Privat Group
References
- .
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- Ukrayinska Pravda(in Ukrainian). 16 December 2020. Retrieved 30 May 2022.
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- ^ "Валовии регіональнии продукт".
- ^ "Legal news in Ukraine: Constitutional Court approved renaming of Dnipropetrovsk region, notaries require salary increase, a note of Ukraine to Russia, treaty on friendship with Russia has been expired". Українське право - інформаційно-правовий портал. 8 April 2019. Archived from the original on 18 April 2019. Retrieved 10 August 2020.
- ^ "Ternovka". Earth Impact Database. Planetary and Space Science Centre University of New Brunswick Fredericton. Retrieved 16 August 2009.
- ^ Kazhdan, Alexander (1998). Dumbarton Oaks Hagiography Database. Trustees for Harvard University Washington, D.C. p. 44.
- ^ "Primary chronicle" (PDF). 30 May 2014. Archived (PDF) from the original on 30 May 2014. Retrieved 11 June 2020.
- ^ "Go2Kiev Dnepropetrovsk". Go2kiev.com. Retrieved 28 November 2014.
- ^ ISBN 0-19-924739-0, pages 26, 37, 40, 51, 60–1, 142, 245, and 268.
- ^ Guillaume le Vasseur de Beauplan wrote a book Description d'Ukrainie, published in 1651 and 1660.
- ^ www.day.kyiv.ua Above Kodak, this year the unique fortress marks its 375th anniversary, by Mykola Chaban, 2010.
- ^ Sudrussland Mageteisen und Sisenglantztatten
- ^ Рубін П.Криворожский бассейн и его железные руды. Горный журнал, 1888 г., т. 1
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- ^ Записки капитан-лейтенанта Семечкина», Вид. Об-ва горных инженеров, 1900 р
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Poroshenko signs laws on denouncing Communist, Nazi regimes, Interfax-Ukraine. 15 May 20
Goodbye, Lenin: Ukraine moves to ban communist symbols, BBC News - ^ Papakin, Georgy (27 November 2010). ""Чорні дошки" Голодомору - економічний метод знищення громадян УРСР (СПИСОК)" [Holodomor "Black Boards" - Economic Method of Destruction of USSR Citizens]. Istorychna Pravda. Archived from the original on 3 January 2019.
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- ^ Проект Закону про внесення змін до статті 133 Конституції України (щодо перейменування Дніпропетровської області) [Draft Law on Amendments to Article 133 of the Constitution of Ukraine (regarding the renaming of the Dnipropetrovsk Oblast)], Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, 27 April 2018, Number 8329 of the 8th session of the VIII convocation, retrieved 28 April 2018 Пояснювальна записка 27.04.2018 [Explanatory Note 27 April 2018]
- ^ Rudenko, Iryna (19 May 2021). "Шість років декомунізації: чому Дніпропетровщина й досі не Січеславщина" [Six years of decommunization: why is Dnipropetrovshchyna still not Sicheslavshchyna yet]. Суспільне | Suspilne (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 14 February 2023.
- ^ "Russian troops shell Dnipropetrovsk Oblast with heavy artillery". news.yahoo.com. 28 January 2023. Retrieved 1 February 2023.
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- ^ Barros, George; Stepanenko, Kateryna; Bergeron, Thomas. "Assessed Control of Terrain Around Kherson and Mykolaiv as of May 11, 2022, 3:00 PM ET". understandingwar.org. ISW. Retrieved 3 March 2023.
- ^ "Russian invaders shell Dnipropetrovsk Oblast with Grads, regional governor says". news.yahoo.com. Yahoo! News. 23 July 2022. Retrieved 3 March 2023.
- ^ "Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей". www.demoscope.ru.
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- ^ "Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей". www.demoscope.ru.
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- ^ "Kiev and Donetsk likely for Euro 2012, others uncertain". Guardian.co.uk. Retrieved 28 November 2014.
- The Horse, The Wheel and Language: How Bronze-Age Riders from the Eurasian Steppes Shaped the Modern World(2007).
- ^ Mykola Chaban (20 May 2010). "Above Kodak". day.kyiv.ua.
External links
- Dnipropetrovsk Oblast travel guide from Wikivoyage
- Official site of Dnipropetrovsk Oblast Administration (in English and Ukrainian)
- Information Card of the Region Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine(in English, Ukrainian, and Russian)
- Dnipropetrovsk Oblast at Curlie