Donald Niven Wheeler

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Donald Niven Wheeler
Born(1913-10-23)October 23, 1913
DiedNovember 8, 2002(2002-11-08) (aged 89)
EducationReed College
Employer(s)Yale University
USDA
Treasury
OSS
Spouse
Mary Lukes Vause
(m. 1938)

Donald Niven Wheeler (1913–2002) was an American

Communist Party member, as well as an alleged Soviet spy
.

Background

Donald Niven Wheeler was born on October 23, 1913, in

progressive person
".

Career

Government

Wheeler was associated with various so-called "

Comintern" organizations before being employed by the New Deal federal government, first in the United States Department of Agriculture, later the Department of Treasury. From 1941 to 1946, Wheeler was employed by the Office of Strategic Services (OSS) in Washington, D.C.

Communist Party USA

Wheeler was allegedly a member of the white collar unit of the Communist Party of the

Franz Neumann, who worked with him in the OSS, allegedly gave a good report to Moscow
, describing him as "a calm and progressive man".

Perlo group

In November 1943,

CPUSA, turned control of the Perlo group of Soviet spies over to Jacob Golos two months before Golos's death, and the group was subsequently taken over by his girlfriend, Elizabeth Bentley
.

Perlo later wrote to his Soviet supervisors of Wheeler:

He has access to excellent material and once given an explanation of what was wanted, worked hard and bravely to get it... He has not been reckless but has gotten materials regularly under security conditions more difficult than those faced by most others in the group.

Donovan's Washington headquarters through Wheeler to Pavel Fitin's offices in Moscow."[3]

As a member of the OSS Research and Analysis Division, Wheeler had government security clearance to receive secret and confidential "ditto" copies of monthly and semi-monthly reports of political developments throughout the world. Wheeler is alleged to have passed these reports as well as handwritten and typewritten material of cable reports from the

Soviet intelligence
. Wheeler is alleged to have provided information on the organization and policies of British intelligence services and furnished memoranda prepared by the Foreign Nationalities Branch of OSS on material relating to the particular racial groups and activities within the United States. These allegations, launched during McCarthyism resulted in no charges ever being brought against Wheeler, who contended that the charges of espionage were a response to his outspoken criticism of the failings of the American economic and political system.

Beginning in 1944, the entire range of OSS planning documents on the postwar occupation of

Venona
as a Soviet source under the cover name "Izra".

Wheeler continued to pass documents to the Soviet Union after the war. In November 1945 he sent information on various issues. This included a report on the Italian domestic political situation on the eve of elections in that country; a copy of the confidential report written by the military governor in the U.S. occupation zone of the USSR; OSS reports about current political events in the USSR; OSS weekly reports on political events in Europe and a State Department intelligence report on the Middle East.[4]

Later life

In the 1950s, Wheeler became a

grand juries in Washington, D.C., and San Francisco; his pregnant wife and four children milk the cows. He was also summoned three times before the House Un-American Activities Committee; George Andersen of Gladstein, Andersen, Leonard, and Sibbett served as his legal counsel.[5]
His sister, Margaret Jean Schuddakopf, said that his courage and steadfastness was her beacon as she fought her own battle for the right to teach.

He had a long and distinguished teaching career, despite constant harassment and "blacklisting". He taught at Yale University, at Franconia College in Franconia, New Hampshire, and at Brandon University in Manitoba, Canada.

Personal life and death

In 1938, Wheeler married Mary Lukes Vause, a fellow graduate of Reed College, a new mother, and the widow of his best friend, Clare Vause.[1]

Donald Niven Wheeler died age 89 on November 8, 2002, in Seattle, Washington.[1]

Legacy

Wheeler's papers are in the archives of the University of Washington, and his library will be donated to the George A. Meyers Collection at Frostburg State University in Maryland.

See also

References

  1. ^
    People's Weekly World. Retrieved 2008-05-31. Donald Niven Wheeler, a scholar, dairy farmer and longtime member of the Communist Party USA, died in Seattle, Nov. 8. He was 89.[dead link
    ]
  2. ^ Victor Perlo, report on Donald Niven Wheeler (January, 1945)
  3. ^ Allen Weinstein, The Hunted Wood: Soviet Espionage in America (1999) page 253
  4. ^ "Donald Niven Wheeler".
  5. ^ Investigation of Communist Activities in the San Francisco Area. USGPO. 1953. p. 3432. Retrieved 5 June 2022.

External sources

The Cold War International History Project (CWIHP) has the full text of former KGB agent Alexander Vassiliev's notebooks containing new evidence on Wheeler's cooperation with the Soviet Union.