Dopaminergic cell groups
Dopaminergic cell groups | |
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Details | |
Identifiers | |
Latin | cellulae dopaminergicae |
MeSH | D059290 |
NeuroNames | 3138 |
FMA | 78545 |
Anatomical terminology |
Dopaminergic cell groups, DA cell groups, or dopaminergic nuclei are collections of neurons in the central nervous system that synthesize the neurotransmitter dopamine.[1] In the 1960s, dopaminergic neurons or dopamine neurons were first identified and named by Annica Dahlström and Kjell Fuxe, who used histochemical fluorescence.[2] The subsequent discovery of genes encoding enzymes that synthesize dopamine, and transporters that incorporate dopamine into synaptic vesicles or reclaim it after synaptic release, enabled scientists to identify dopaminergic neurons by labeling gene or protein expression that is specific to these neurons.
In the mammalian brain, dopaminergic neurons form a semi-continuous population extending from the midbrain through the forebrain, with eleven named collections or clusters among them.[3][4][5]
Cell group A8
Group A8 is a small group of dopaminergic cells in rodents
Cell group A9
Group A9 is the most densely packed group of dopaminergic cells, and is located in the
Cell group A10
Group A10 is the largest group of dopaminergic cells in the
Cell group A11
Group A11 is a small group of dopaminergic cells located in the posterior periventricular nucleus and the intermediate periventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus in the macaque.[4] In the rat, small numbers of cells assigned to this group are also found in the posterior nucleus of hypothalamus, the supramammillary area and the reuniens nucleus.[6] Dopaminergic cells in A11 may be important in the modulation of auditory processing.[8]
Cell group A12
Group A12 is a small group of cells in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus in primates.[4] In the rat a few cells belonging to this group are also seen in the anteroventral portion of the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus.[6]
Cell group A13
Group A13 is distributed in clusters that, in the primate, are ventral and medial to the mammillothalamic tract of the hypothalamus; a few extend into the reuniens nucleus of the thalamus.[4] In the mouse, A13 is located ventral to the mammillothalamic tract of the thalamus in the zona incerta.[7]
Cell group A14
Group A14 consists of a few cells observed in and near the preoptic periventricular nucleus of the primate.[4] In the mouse, cells in the anterodorsal preoptic nucleus are assigned to this group.[7]
Cell group A15
Group A15 exists in a few species, such as sheep, and
Cell group A16
Group A16 is located in the olfactory bulb of vertebrates, including rodents and primates.[3]
Cell group Aaq
Group Aaq is a sparse group of cells located in the rostral half of the central gray of the midbrain in primates. It is more prominent in the squirrel monkey (Saimiri) than the macaque.[4]
Telencephalic group
This group is a population of cells immunoreactive for dopamine and tyrosine hydroxylase that are broadly distributed in the rostral
See also
Footnotes
- ^ "Dopaminergic cell groups". braininfo.rprc.washington.edu. Retrieved 8 August 2022.
- ^ Fuxe, Hoekfelt & Ungerstedt (1970).
- ^ a b Smeets & Reiner (1994).
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Felten & Sladek Jr (1983).
- ^ a b Dubach (1994).
- ^ a b c d e Dahlstrom & Fuxe (1964).
- ^ a b c Paxinos & Franklin (2001).
- ^ Nevue, Felix II & Portfors (2016).
- ^ Tillet (1994).
References
- Dahlstrom A, Fuxe K (1964). "Evidence for the existence of monoamine-containing neurons in the central nervous system". Acta Physiologica Scandinavica. 62: 1–55. PMID 14229500.
- Dubach MF (1994). "11:Telencephalic dopamine cells in monkeys, humans and rats". In Smeets WJAJ, Reiner A (eds.). Phylogeny and Development of Catecholamine Systems in the CNS of Vertebrates. Cambridge, England: University Press. OCLC 29952121.
- Felten DL, Sladek Jr JR (1983). "Monoamine distribution in primate brain V. Monoaminergic nuclei: anatomy, pathways and local organization". Brain Research Bulletin. 10 (2): 171–284. PMID 6839182.
- Fuxe K, Hoekfelt T, Ungerstedt U (1970). "Morphological and functional aspects of central monoamine neurons". International Review of Neurobiology. 13: 93–126. .
- Nevue AA, Felix II RA, Portfors CV (November 2016). "Dopaminergic projections of the subparafascicular thalamic nucleus to the auditory brainstem". Hearing Research. 341: 202–209. PMID 27620513.
- Paxinos G, Franklin KB (2001). The Mouse Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates (2nd ed.). San Diego: Academic Press. OCLC 493265554.
- Smeets WJAJ, Reiner A (1994). "20:Catecholamines in the CNS of vertebrates: current concepts of evolution and functional significance". In Smeets WJAJ, Reiner A (eds.). Phylogeny and Development of Catecholamine Systems in the CNS of Vertebrates. Cambridge, England: University Press. OCLC 29952121.
- Tillet Y (1994). "9: Catecholaminergic neuronal systems in the diencephalon of mammals". In Smeets WJAJ, Reiner A (eds.). Phylogeny and Development of Catecholamine Systems in the CNS of Vertebrates. Cambridge, England: University Press. OCLC 29952121.