Duchy of Livonia

Coordinates: 58°22′N 25°36′E / 58.367°N 25.600°E / 58.367; 25.600
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Duchy of Livonia
Księstwo Zadźwińskie (Polish)
Ducatus Ultradunensis (Latin)
Herzogtum Livland (German)
Vassal of Grand Duchy of Lithuania, then of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
1561–1629
Coat of arms of Livonia
Coat of arms
Swedish Estonia is coloured green.[1]
CapitalFellin (Viljandi)
Area
 • Coordinates58°22′N 25°36′E / 58.367°N 25.600°E / 58.367; 25.600
Government
 • Type
Grand Duke of Lithuania and King of Poland
 
• 1561–1572
Sigismund II Augustus
• 1573–1575
Henry III de Valois
• 1576–1586
Stephen Báthory and Anna Jagiellon
• 1588–1621
Sigismund III Vasa
Governor 
• 1566–1578
Jan Hieronimowicz Chodkiewicz
Historical eraEarly Modern Age
28 November 1561
1620–1622
25 September 1629
Preceded by		 Succeeded by
Terra Mariana
Free Imperial city of Riga
Swedish Livonia
Inflanty Voivodeship

The Duchy of Livonia

Latin: Ducatus Ultradunensis; Estonian: Liivimaa hertsogkond; Latvian: Pārdaugavas hercogiste; German: Herzogtum Livland), also referred to as Polish Livonia or Livonia (Polish: Inflanty[4]), was a territory of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and later the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth that existed from 1561 to 1621. It corresponds to the present-day areas of northern Latvia and southern Estonia
.

History

Union of Vilnius and the Livonian Confederation dissolved during the Livonian Wars. Part of Livonia formed the Duchy of Courland and Semigallia while the south-west part of today's Estonia and north-east part of today's Latvia, covering what are now Vidzeme and Latgale
, were ceded to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.

In 1566, it was declared the Duchy of Livonia according to the Treaty of Union between the landowners of Livonia and authorities of Lithuania; Jan Hieronimowicz Chodkiewicz became the first Governor of the Duchy (1566–1578) in Sigulda Castle. It was a province of Grand Duchy of Lithuania until 1569. After the Union of Lublin in 1569, it became a joint domain of the Polish Crown and the Grand Duchy.

Russian Emperors
.

Administrative divisions

See also

References

  1. Oesel was not part of Sweden until 1645 and belonged to Danish Crown. It was ceded to Sweden along with Gotland after signing the Second Treaty of Brömsebro (1645)
    .
  2. ISBN 90-6550-881-3
    .
  3. ISBN 978-963-9116-42-9
    .
  4. ISBN 978-0-521-54155-8
    .

External links
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