Duddingston
Duddingston
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Lieutenancy area |
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Country | Scotland |
Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
Post town | EDINBURGH |
Postcode district | EH8, EH15 |
Dialling code | 0131 |
Police | Scotland |
Fire | Scottish |
Ambulance | Scottish |
UK Parliament | |
Scottish Parliament | |
Duddingston (Scots: Duddiston)[1] is a historic village in the east of Edinburgh, Scotland, next to Holyrood Park.
Origins and etymology
The estate wherein Duddingston Village now lies was first recorded in lands granted to the Tironensian monks of Kelso Abbey by David I of Scotland between 1136 and 1147,[2] and is described as stretching from the Crag (from Craggenmarf, an old name for Arthur's Seat)[3] to the Magdalene Bridge. Herbert, the first Abbot at Kelso granted the lands of Easter and Wester Duddingston to Reginald de Bosco for an annual rent of 10 merks.[4]
This land grant included the settlement known by the name of Treverlen or Traverlin, in the western part of it; this being the oldest known name of the village and estates that eventually became known as Duddingston. There are several possibilities for the etymology of "Treverlen":
- "tref + gwr + lên" meaning "place of the learned man"[5]
- "tref + y + glyn" with lenition following the definite article, meaning "place of the learned women"[6]
- "tre + war + lyn" meaning "the farm at or on the loch"[2]
- "traefor llyn" meaning "settlement by the lake (loch) of reeds and/or rushes"[citation needed]
All these names originate in the Celtic
The last Celtic owner of the Treverlen estates is said to have been Uviet the White who owned it from at least 1090 onwards.[7] By 1128, though, at the founding of Holyrood Abbey, the lands of Arthur's Seat seem to have become divided between the Royal Demesne and the estates of Treverlen belonging to Uviet the White.[8] For confirmation of what passed in 1128 at the forming of Holyrood Abbey and the passing of the lands to Kelso Abbey, we can look to the later "Charter of Confirmation, Granted to the Monks of Kelso of King Malcolm IV". Malcolm IV of Scotland inherited the throne from his grandfather David I of Scotland, and was perhaps called upon to confirm many such gifts of land in case of later disputes. This he did, in the above-mentioned charter, confirming the previously given entitlement of
Traverlin, with its due bounds, as Vineth fully and freely possessed and enjoyed it, with all the easements of the adjoining strother (march), which is called Cameri; and the Crag of the same village[9]
to Kelso Abbey. Malcolm goes on to state that in his grandfather's time Alfwyn (perhaps the saxonised form of Uviet, or one of his descendants), Abbot of Halyrude (Holyrood Abbey) and Ernald, Abbot of Kelso, came to an agreement concerning a dispute between them over The Crag, which allowed for the lands of The Crag and Traverlin to pass to the church of Kelso, in exchange for the ten-pounds-lands they had in "Hardiggasthorn, near Northamtun".[9]
The name was superseded during the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries by "Dodinestun" from "Dodin’s Estate".
The kirk which was built on the newly gifted lands went by the name Duddingston Kirk, but the name Treverlen still survived into the next century as the parish name, being confirmed as such in a list of 13 parishes belonging to Kelso in 1200, which leads one to suspect there had been a kirk on the site previously.[11] The name has now been given to the new park built on the site of the former Portobello High School and St John's Primary School.[14]
History
Cassells says the village was a centre of weaving in the 18th century where "over 40 looms" were in production on The Loan, creating a coarse linen called "Duddingston hardings".[4]
Duddingston Loch has been used for
The loch provided the setting for Henry Raeburn's painting of The Skating Minister, painted in the 1790s, as well as the less famous but very atmospheric painting by Charles Lees called Skaters on Duddingston Loch by Moonlight.[17][18]
Dr. James Tytler (1745–1804), author, balloonist and encyclopedist, lived in Duddingston. Robert Burns knew him, describing him as a mortal who wandered the precincts of Edinburgh in leaky shoes, a sky-lighted hat and unlikely breeches, who yet was responsible for at least three quarters of Elliot's Encyclopædia Britannica. In 1774 he was living on the Holyrood Abbey "sanctuary lands" to avoid his creditors. After his wife left him and their children in 1775, he was known thereafter to be co-habiting with at least one, if not two women, one of them a Duddingston washerwoman. This circumstance eventually led to his flight from Scottish justice for the crime of bigamy in 1788, when he left Duddingston, and both women, to remove himself to Berwick. Whilst living in Duddingston he did build a printing press, and turned out further copies of the encyclopedia, and other more successful publications, but he was a poor businessman and never seemed to benefit from these and other successes. Sadly, even his attempt at ballooning in 1784 was something of a debacle. He was finally able to rise to a height of 105 feet (32 m) and descend again, which qualified him as Britain's first balloonist, but his success at the time was overshadowed by other more popular balloonists.[19]
The former Home House in Old Church Lane was built in 1820 and is a category B Listed building [20] that was formerly a children's home for Church of Scotland missionary children.
Local attractions
The
Since 1923, the loch has been a
Dr Neil's Garden[21] is located between Duddingston Kirk and the Loch. Andrew and Nancy Neil were awarded the Queen Elizabeth, the Queen Mother Medal by the Royal Caledonian Horticultural Society.
References
- ^ The Online Scots Dictionary
- ^ a b c Stuart Harris "The Place Names of Edinburgh". 1996. p.609
- ^ Stuart Harris "The Place Names of Edinburgh". 1996. p.198
- ^ a b c Cassells Old and New Edinburgh vol.2 Ch.31
- ^ Watson, William J. The History of the Celtic Place-names of Scotland. 1926. Edinburgh: The Royal Celtic Society.
- ^ Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru/A Dictionary of the Welsh Language. 1950–2003. Cardiff: Gwasg Prifysgol Cymru.
- ^ Old Edinburgh Club, Article, 1959, G. W. S. Barrow
- ^ RCHAMS CANMORE NMRS, MS/726/96 (49-50, no. 103).
- ^ a b The Monastic Annals of Teviotdale. 1832. By the REV. James Morton, B.D. p156-158 translated from the Chartulary of Kelso, fol. 9, r.
- ^ Barrow, G. W. S. 1959. ‘Treverlen, Duddingston and Arthur’s Seat’, Book of the Old Edinburgh Club, 30: 1–9.
- ^ a b Stuart Harris "The Place Names of Edinburgh". 1996. p.243
- ^ The Monastic Annals of Teviotdale. 1832. By the Rev. James Morton, B.D. p125
- ^ Scottish Arms VOL I (1881): Being a collection of armorial bearings A.D. 1370-1678 (Reproduced in Facsimile from Contemporary Manuscripts) with heraldic and genealogical notes by R. R. Stodart [1]
- ^ "Treverlen – Everything about the Treverlen development". www.treverlen.org.uk. Retrieved 21 April 2018.
- ^ "Duddingston from The Gazetteer for Scotland". scottish-places.info. Retrieved 21 April 2018.
- ^ Historic Environment Scotland. "Duddingston House (105 Milton Road West), Former Stables and Office (115-127 (Odd Numbers) Milton Road West) (Category A Listed Building) (LB28065)". Retrieved 18 March 2019.
- ^ "Scran ::: Skaters: Duddingston Loch by Moonlight, 1857 (oil on canvas)". Scran. Retrieved 21 April 2018.
- ^ "Bridgeman Images". www.bridgemanart.com. Archived from the original on 19 July 2011. Retrieved 21 April 2018.
- PMID 7006785.
- ^ "4 Old Church Lane, Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Edinburgh".
- ^ "Home - Dr Neils Garden". Dr Neils Garden. Retrieved 21 April 2018.