Dulcinians

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The Dulcinians were a religious sect of the

Franciscan ideals and influenced by the Joachimites, but were considered heretical by the Catholic Church. Their name derives from the movement's leader, Fra Dolcino of Novara (ca. 1250–1307), who was burned as a heretic on the orders of Pope Clement V
.

History

The Dulcinian sect began in 1300 when

Gioacchino da Fiore
.

Fra Dolcino, at the beginning of 1303, reunited the Apostolic movement near

pillage and kill the people in the valley, responsible in their eyes for not defending the group against the episcopal troops. The villagers called them "Gazzari" (Cathars
), and joined the soldiers in opposition.

Dolcino justified the acts committed by the Dulcinians by affirming their perfection and holiness based on

Saint Paul's Epistle to Titus
(1:15):

To the pure all things are pure, but to the corrupt and unbelieving nothing is pure; their very minds and consciences are corrupted.

Margaret and Dolcino were captured and executed.

Theories

The main concepts of the Dulcinians were:

Fra Dolcino was inspired by the

Gioacchino da Fiore
. He viewed the history of humanity as 4 epochs:

In his first letter, Dolcino gave his interpretation of the seven Angels and seven Churches of the

Apocalypse of John
:

  • The Angel of Ephesus was Saint Benedict, and his church was the monastic order;
  • The Angel of Pergamom was Pope Sylvester I, and his church was the clerical order;
  • The Angel of Sardis was
    Friars Minor
    ;
  • The Angel of Laodicea was Saint Dominic, and his church was the Friars Preacher;
  • The Angel of Smyrna was Gerard of Parma, and his church was the Apostolic Brethren;
  • The Angel of Thyatira was Fra Dolcino, and his church was the Dulcinian movement;
  • The Angel of Philadelphia would be the new holy pope, and the last three churches would constitute "the new church of these new days".

Following the death of

Boniface VIII
, Dolcino produced a schedule of 4 popes:

  • Celestine V
  • Boniface VIII: ruin would fall on him and the king of the south
  • Boniface's successor: ruin would fall on him and all the
    cardinals
  • The new holy pope

Thus, the advent of the "new holy pope" was postponed to the second pope after the death of Boniface VIII. Dolcino never proposed himself as the new Pope in his letters, although this was one of the accusations of the Inquisition.

The rallying cry Poenitentiam agite (Do penance) was attributed to them in The Name of the Rose, a novel by Umberto Eco.

See also

Bibliography

External links

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