Duyfken
The 1999 replica of Duyfken in 2006
| |
History | |
---|---|
Dutch Republic | |
Name | Duyfken |
Launched | 1595 |
Fate | Condemned beyond repair July 1608 at Ternate |
General characteristics | |
Displacement | 110 tons |
Length | 65.4 ft (19.9 m) |
Beam | 19.7 ft (6.0 m) |
Draft | 8 ft (2.4 m) |
Propulsion | Sail |
Speed | 7 knots (13 km/h; 8.1 mph) |
Armament | 8 cannons |
Duyfken (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈdœy̯f.kən]; Little Dove), also in the form Duifje or spelled Duifken or Duijfken, was a small ship built in the Dutch Republic. She was a fast, lightly armed ship probably intended for shallow water, small valuable cargoes, bringing messages, sending provisions, or privateering.[1] The tonnage of Duyfken has been given as 25-30 lasten (50-60 tons).[2]: 14
In 1606, during
A reproduction of Duyfken was built in Australia and launched in 1999.[5]
Voyages
In 1595, a ship named Duyfken sailed in the first expedition to
On 23 April 1601, another ship named Duyfken sailed from Texel as jacht, or scout, under skipper Willem Cornelisz Schouten to the Spice Islands. After reaching Bantam, the "Moluccan Fleet", consisting of five ships including Duyfken under admiral Wolphert Harmensz, encountered a blockading fleet of Portuguese ships totalling eight galleons and twenty-two galleys. They engaged this fleet in intermittent battle (the Battle of Bantam), driving them away on New Year's Day 1602. Thus, the undisputed dominance of the Iberians (Portuguese and Spanish) in the spice trade to Europe was ended.
The fleet received a warm welcome in Bantam, repairs were carried out to damage caused in the battle, and a survey of
.Duyfken was then sent on a voyage of exploration to the east when the newly formed
On 18 December 1603, Duyfken, with
In 1605, Duyfken was in the fleet that recaptured the fort of Van Verre at Ambon in the Spice Islands, from the Portuguese. She was then sent to Bantam, Java for urgently needed provisions.
In 1605, the
In
In 1607, Duyfken may have made a second voyage east to Australia. Later in the year, she was sent to Java to get supplies for the beleaguered Dutch fortress on Ternate. In February or March 1608, Duyfken was involved in hunting Chinese junks north of Ternate.[9]: 311–312
In May 1608, the ship was engaged in a five-hour battle with three Spanish galleys.
Replica
The Duyfken Replica Project was founded by the Dutch-born Australian historian Michael John Young.
The Duyfken Replica committee was established in 1995 by Michael Young and retired journalist James Henderson. This led to the establishment of the Friends of the Duyfken group then ultimately, the Duyfken 1606 Replica Foundation. The Foundation was initially chaired by entrepreneur Michael G. Kailis of Perth, who led the charge in raising the $3.5 million building budget.
On 27 March 1997, Dutch Crown Prince
A full size reproduction of Duyfken was built by the "Duyfken 1606 Replica Foundation" jointly with the
The story of the construction of the replica and the ship's major voyages is published in a book, "Through Darkest Seas", by the former Project Director and Chair of the Duyfken 1606 Replica Foundation, Graeme Cocks.[11]
For a period in 2005, Duyfken was berthed alongside the
In 2006, Western Australia played a big role in the 400th anniversary of the original Duyfken's visit to Australia. A national group called Australia on the Map: 1606–2006[a] was formed to commemorate the arrival of Duyfken[12] and to mark this important milestone in Australia's history, by also giving recognition to all who followed her and contributed to the mapping of the Australian coast.
Duyfken was berthed at the Queensland Maritime Museum in Southbank, Brisbane, Queensland until early 2011, when she was then placed on display at the Australian National Maritime Museum in Sydney. In 2012 she returned to Fremantle.
In November 2020, the Foundation announced that Duyfken would return to the Australian National Maritime Museum. COVID-19 pandemic travel restrictions prevented the crew travelling from New South Wales to Fremantle to sail the ship, so it was transported on a larger vessel to Newcastle, then sailed from there to Sydney, arriving on 22 December 2020.[13][14]
Notes
- ^ Now "Australia on the Map", a division of the Australasian Hydrographic Society.
References
- ^ a b "De Eerste Expeditie naar Indië" [The First Expedition to India] (in Dutch). Arie Saksono. 2007. Archived from the original on 30 January 2020. Retrieved 6 April 2020.
- ^ OCLC 1058014886. Archived from the original on 14 February 2020. Retrieved 5 April 2020 – via Project Gutenberg Australia.
- ^ van Huystee, Marit (1995). On the yacht Duyfken (1601): The first European Ship known to explore the Australian coast (PDF). Western Australian Museum (Report). Maritime Archaeology Department Western Australian Maritime Museum. Archived (PDF) from the original on 14 February 2019. Retrieved 6 April 2020.
- ISBN 978-1-925040-13-5. Archived(PDF) from the original on 7 April 2020. Retrieved 7 April 2020.
- ^ Kennedy, Sharon (5 September 2016). "Replica of first recorded ship to visit Australia docks in Bunbury". Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Archived from the original on 24 December 2016. Retrieved 7 April 2020.
- ^ "Janszoon maps northern Australian coast". National Museum of Australia. Archived from the original on 13 March 2020. Retrieved 8 April 2020.
- ^ "Chart of Duyfken's voyage". State Library of New South Wales. 7 December 2007. Retrieved 8 April 2020.
- ^ Randall, Brian (30 April 2013). "Queensland Places - Cape York and the Voyage of the Duyfken". State Library Of Queensland. Retrieved 18 September 2023.
- OCLC 780420104.
- ^ "The Duyfken dream". Duyfken 1606 Replica Foundation. Archived from the original on 6 April 2020. Retrieved 6 April 2020.
- ^ "Through Darkest Seas Duyfken Book | Ship". My Site. Retrieved 22 June 2023.
- ^ "About – Australia on the Map". Australasian Hydrographic Society. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
- ^ Emma Wynne (22 November 2020). "Fremantle's historic Duykfen 'little dove' tall ship replica to relocate east for new chapter in Sydney Harbour". Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
- ^ Steve Mills (22 December 2020). "Duyfken replica arrives in Sydney Harbour". Retrieved 4 June 2022.
Further reading
- Henderson, James (1999). Sent Forth a Dove: Discovery of the Duyfken. University of Western Australia Press. OCLC 50214871.
- van Huystee, Marit (1995), On the Yacht Duyjken (1601): The First European Ship Known to Explore the Australian Coast, Western Australia Maritime Museum
- Cocks, Graeme (2023). Through Darkest Seas. Motoring Past Vintage Publishing. ISBN 978-0-9925078-3-1.