E (New York City Subway service)

Jamaica Yard
Started service	August 19, 1933; 90 years ago (1933-08-19)
Route map Legend   <F>  ( E   rush hours) Jamaica–179th Street 169th Street Parsons Boulevard Sutphin Boulevard  E    Z   Jamaica Center–Parsons/Archer Sutphin Boulevard–Archer Avenue–JFK Airport ​ Manhattan via Jamaica Jamaica–Van Wyck switches to local tracks during evenings and weekends Briarwood Kew Gardens–Union Turnpike 75th Avenue switches to local tracks during late nights  M  ​ R  Forest Hills–71st Avenue 67th Avenue 63rd Drive–Rego Park Woodhaven Boulevard Grand Avenue–Newtown Elmhurst Avenue Jackson Heights–Roosevelt Avenue 65th Street Northern Boulevard 46th Street Steinway Street 36th Street 63rd Street Queens Plaza switches to local tracks during late nights no regular service via Crosstown Downtown & Brooklyn via Broadway Court Square–23rd Street southbound only Queens Manhattan Lexington Avenue–53rd Street Fifth Avenue–53rd Street Downtown & Brooklyn via 6th Avenue Downtown & Brooklyn via 6th Avenue Seventh Avenue Uptown & the Bronx via 8th Avenue 50th Street ( southbound) 42nd Street–Port Authority Bus Terminal 34th Street–Penn Station 23rd Street 14th Street West 4th Street–Washington Square Spring Street Canal Street World Trade Center | Chambers Street  E  Downtown & Brooklyn via 8th Avenue Legend Lines used by the Other services sharing tracks with the Unused lines, connections, or service patterns  E  Termini of services Cross-platform interchange Platforms on different levels This diagram: view talk edit

The E Queens Boulevard Express/
Eighth Avenue Local^[3] is a rapid transit service in the B Division of the New York City Subway. Its route emblem, or "bullet", is blue since it uses the IND Eighth Avenue Line in Manhattan.

The E operates at all times between

On December 15, 1940, service on the entire Sixth Avenue Line began, and service patterns across the IND were modified. E service was cut back to

On June 30, 1952, two morning rush hour trips on the E train were added, running between 71st Avenue and Jay Street.[6] Midday service began operating on eight-minute headways instead of six-minute headways, evening service began operating on ten-minute headways instead of eight-minute headways, and late night service began operating on twenty-minute headways, instead of fifteen-minute headways. With the July 5, 1952 timetable, E trains began running every eight minutes during the morning and afternoon on Saturday, instead of every six minutes during the morning rush hour, and every seven minutes during the morning and afternoon. During late evenings, trains began running every twelve minutes instead of every eight minutes.^[7]

In 1953, the platforms were lengthened at

On October 30, 1954, the E service was modified as part of a series of service changes made following the completion of the Culver Ramp, which made it possible for IND service on the Culver Line to run to Coney Island. Non-rush hour E service was rerouted from Broadway–Lafayette Street to Hudson Terminal, and E trains began running express in Manhattan during rush hours, when they headed to Brooklyn.^[6][32][27] In 1955, late night trains were cut back from five-car trains to three-car trains, and midday and evening trains were lengthened from six-car trains to eight-car trains. A year later, late night trains were lengthened to operate with four-car trains instead of three-car trains.^[27]

Changes in Brooklyn service

On June 28, 1956, the

The operation of eleven-car trains ended on August 18, 1958, because of operational difficulties. The signal blocks, especially in Manhattan, were too short to accommodate the longer trains, and the train operators had a very small margin of error to properly platform the train. It was found that operating ten-car trains allowed for two additional trains per hour to be scheduled.^[38] To make up for the loss of eleven-car trains, two short-run trains from 71st Avenue were added on the E and F during rush hours.^[39]

On October 11, 1958, round-robin service ceased operating on weekends, being by replaced by shuttles running from Euclid Avenue to either terminal in the Rockaways. Round-robin service continued to operate late evenings, late nights, and early mornings. From October to June, round-robin service started at 6:40 p.m. leaving Euclid Avenue, and from June to October the service began at 9:44 p.m. from Euclid Avenue.^[6]

Since many Rockaway riders were dissatisfied with having rush hour service provided by local trains, starting on November 3, 1958, four morning rush hour E trains ran express via the Fulton Street Line from Euclid Avenue: two from Rockaway Park, and two from Far Rockaway. To make up for the loss of local service along the Fulton Street Line, four A trains leaving Euclid Avenue between 7:56 a.m. and 8:24 a.m. began making local stops.^[6][36] All E trains began running express and all A trains began running local to Euclid Avenue on September 8, 1959.^[20][40] On June 6, 1960, three E trains started originating at Lefferts Boulevard in the morning rush hour and three E trains began terminating there in the evening rush hour, after complaints from riders.^[41][42] Shuttles between Euclid Avenue and the Rockaways, which had not been assigned a route designation, but often were signed as E trains, were labeled HH trains on February 1, 1962.^[6]

In 1964, E trains were cut back from five-car trains to four-car trains on Saturday late nights and to three-car trains on Sunday late nights. In addition, trains were lengthened from five cars to six cars on Sunday mornings, afternoons, and evenings. Two additional E trains began running from 169th Street during the morning rush hour on April 6, 1964; these trips began entering service at 179th Street on December 21, 1964.^[27] On July 11, 1966, midday service began running every ten minutes, instead of every eight, and evening service began running every twelve minutes, instead of every ten.^[7] At the same time, midday and evening trains began running with ten-car trains instead of eight-car trains, and late night trains were extended from four-car trains to five-car trains.^[27] Midday and evening shuttles between the Rockaways and Euclid Avenue were replaced by the A service on July 10, 1967.^[34]

In October 1969, the New York City Transit Authority (NYCTA) performed a test over the course of a month to evaluate the impact that increasing the scheduled frequency of the E and F services along the Queens Boulevard Line in the southbound direction in the morning would have on running times and the number of trains that actually ran in service. As part of the test, 35 trains were scheduled to leave 179th Street during the morning peak hour, 17 E trains and 18 F trains. However, only 32 trains actually left the terminal, 15 E trains and 17 F trains. The study found that the average number of trains actually in service was 28 at Queens Plaza, 14 Es and 14 Fs, and 31 at 71st Avenue, 15 Es and 16 Fs, and that running such a high frequency of service was not possible without increasing running times and causing congestion.^[43]

Southbound E trains began stopping at the lower level of the 42nd Street station during rush hours on March 23, 1970, to reduce delays by relieving congestion on the station's platforms.^[44][45] The frequency of weekend service was decreased on July 3, when trains started running every ten minutes on Saturdays and every twelve minutes on Sundays.^[46]

As part of systemwide changes in bus and subway service on January 2, 1973, the E became the local in Brooklyn again, running alternatively to Euclid Avenue and Rockaway Park–Beach 116th Street on weekdays from 6:15 a.m. to 9 a.m. and from 3:35 p.m. to 6:15 p.m.. The span of express service in Manhattan and through service to Brooklyn and the Rockaways during rush hours was doubled. The E would no longer also serve Far Rockaway during rush hours, with this service provided by the A.^[34][47] During other times, except when Round-Robin service operated, E shuttle service would run from Broad Channel to Rockaway Park. A trains would run express instead in Brooklyn during rush hours, though for a longer period of time, and would take over service to Far Rockaway.^[48][49][50] These changes were initially supposed to take effect on September 11, 1972.^[51]

On January 19, 1976, rush hour service on the E was decreased. Northbound rush hour service began running every four or five minutes, instead of every four, and southbound evening rush hour service began running every four or six minutes, instead of every four.^[7] Finally, on August 30, 1976, E service in Brooklyn was eliminated with all trains terminating at World Trade Center. Brooklyn service was replaced by the CC local.^[52][53] On January 24, 1977, as part of a series of NYCTA service cuts to save $13 million, many subway lines began running shorter trains during middays. As part of the change, E trains began running with six cars between 9:50 a.m. and 1:30 p.m.^[54] On August 30, 1976, some E trains began terminating at 71st Avenue after the morning rush hour.^[20] Until 1986, two E trains and two F trains started at 71st Avenue in the morning rush hour with the intention to relieve congestion. These trains were eliminated because they resulted in a loading imbalance, as these lightly-loaded trains would be followed by extremely crowded trains from 179th Street, which followed an eight-minute gap of E and F service from 179th Street.^[55]: 51

In 1986, the NYCTA studied which two services should serve the Queens Boulevard Line during late nights as ridership at this time did not justify three services. A public hearing was held in December 1986, and it was determined that having the E and R, which would replace the N, run during late nights provided the best service.^[55]: 51 On May 24, 1987, ten-minute frequencies on E during evenings were extended by an additional hour to 9 p.m.^[56]

Archer Avenue changes

On December 11, 1988, the

Two service plans were identified prior to a public hearing on February 25, 1988, concerning the service plan for the new extension. The first would have split rush-hour E service between the two branches, with late night service to 179th Street provided by the R, while the second would have had all E trains run via Archer Avenue, and would have extended R locals to 179th Street.[61]^{[55]: 9–10} A modified version of the second plan was decided upon. The change in the plan was the operation of alternate E trains from 179th Street as expresses during the morning rush hour between 7:07 and 8:19 a.m. to provide an appropriate level of E service to Archer during the morning rush, to maintain the same level of service to 179th Street while providing express service, and to provide greater choice for riders at the Parsons Boulevard and 179th Street stations on Hillside Avenue. It was decided not to divert some E trains to 179th Street during the afternoon rush hour so that Queens-bound riders would not be confused about where their E train was headed.^{[55]: 9–10 [56]}

The 1988 changes angered some riders because they resulted in the loss of direct Queens Boulevard Express service at local stations east of 71st Avenue (169th Street, Sutphin Boulevard, Van Wyck Boulevard and 75th Avenue stations). Local elected officials pressured the MTA to eliminate all-local service at these stations.^[62] As part of service cuts on September 30, 1990, the R was cut back to 71st Avenue outside of rush hours. Local service to 179th Street was replaced by F trains, which provided Queens Boulevard Express service during middays, evenings, and weekends, and local G service during late nights.^[63]

In May 1989, Sunday headways were reduced from twelve minutes to ten minutes.^[56] As part of the changes, on October 1, 1990, morning rush hour service from 179th Street was discontinued, and all E trains began running to Jamaica Center.^[64] In addition, the frequency of E service was reduced from 15 trains per hour to 12 trains per hour to allow the frequency of F service to be increased from 15 trains per hour to 20 trains per hour. The frequency of F service was subsequently reduced to running every 3+1⁄2 minutes on April 15, 1991, before being increased back to 3+1⁄3 minutes, or about 18 trains per hour, on October 26, 1992.^[20] On April 1, 1991, E trains were shortened to run with six-car trains between 11 p.m. and 6 a.m. in order to increase passenger security during overnight hours.^[65][66]

In 1992, the MTA considered three options to improve service at the local stops east of 71st Avenue, including leaving service as is, having E trains run local east of 71st Avenue along with R service, and having F trains run local east of 71st Avenue replacing R service, which would be cut back to 71st Avenue at all times. The third option was chosen to be tested for six months starting in October or November 1992.^[67] The test started on October 26, 1992, and was implemented on a permanent basis six months later, eliminating express service along Hillside Avenue.^[68][62]

63rd Street changes

On March 23, 1997, the E service began stopping at 75th Avenue and Briarwood during evenings, nights and weekends.^[69] On August 30, 1997, E service began running local in Queens during late nights in order to ease connections, reduce the need for late night transfers, and provide even service intervals.^[70] On the same date, late night G service was permanently cut back from 179th Street to Court Square, replaced by F service running local east of Queens Plaza, doubling late night service frequency at Queens Boulevard local stations.^[71][72] On September 8, 1998, E trains began running at a frequency of eight trains per hour middays, an increase from six trains per hour.^[7]

During the early part of 2000, because of the replacement of track switches at the World Trade Center station, the E was extended to Euclid Avenue at all times except late nights, when it operated to

On December 16, 2001, the connection from the

In 2002, the frequency of weekend E service was increased. Trains began running every eight minutes on Saturday mornings, instead of every ten minutes, and every ten or twelve minutes on Saturday evenings, instead of every twelve minutes. Sunday service was increased to run every ten or twelve minutes during the morning and evening, instead of every twelve or fifteen minutes, and trains began running every 8 or 10 minutes during afternoons, instead of every twelve minutes. On April 27, 2003, evening service was increased, with trains running at six-, eight-, and ten-minute headways, instead of twelve-minute headways. Midday, afternoon, and early evening service was increased to run every eight minutes on February 22, 2004.[7] On September 16, 2019, the three trips that terminated at Kew Gardens were extended to 179th Street, making express stops along Hillside Avenue.^[79]

Between September 19 and November 2, 2020, E service was cut back to Jamaica–Van Wyck due to track replacement on the upper levels of the Jamaica Center and Sutphin Boulevard stations. During this time, a shuttle bus connected to Sutphin Boulevard and Jamaica Center.^[80][81] During the second phase, which started on November 2, 2020, a limited number of E trains ran to Jamaica Center, running express east of 71st Avenue during the day on weekdays and making local stops at other times. Service to 179th Street was expanded from weekday limited rush hour service to weekday daytime service; these trains made local stops east of 71st Avenue.^[82] This phase was completed in December 2020.^[83]

On March 17, 2023, New York City Transit made adjustments to evening and late night E,

The EE originally ran as an Eighth Avenue local between 71st Avenue and Chambers Street during off peak hours when the

In October 2017, twenty five-car train sets assigned to the E service had seats at the end of the cars removed to provide extra capacity.[110]^[111] The MTA expected that the removal of seats would allow each E train to carry up to 100 additional riders.^[92] Subsequent surveys found that the removal of seats improved passenger flow on trains, helping reduce dwell times in stations.^[112]

Homelessness

For several decades,

E trains run between Jamaica Center–Parsons/Archer on the Archer Avenue Line and World Trade Center on the Eighth Avenue Line at all times, running via the Queens Boulevard Line in Queens. E trains run local along the Eighth Avenue Line at all times. All trains run express in Queens between 71st Avenue and Queens Plaza at all times except late nights, when they make local stops. On weekends, weekday evenings, and late nights, E trains stop at 75th Avenue and Briarwood; limited AM-rush trains also make these stops in both directions.^[117][118] During rush hours, limited service runs to and from 179th Street, typically making express stops east of 71st Avenue,^[b] although select PM-rush trains to this terminal make local stops.^[121] Four E trips originate from 179th Street during the a.m. rush hour, three E trips originate from 179th Street during the p.m. rush hour, three E trips terminate at 179th Street during the a.m. rush hour, and four trips terminate at 179th Street during the p.m. rush hour.^{[3][122][123]}

E trains share tracks with F trains between the 75th Avenue and 36th Street interlockings during weekday rush hours and middays, and between the Van Wyck Boulevard and 36th Street interlockings on evenings, late nights and weekends. The shared segment with the F, during rush hours, receives the most scheduled service of any track segment in the system with 30 trains per hour, 15 on the E, and 15 on the F. The route shares tracks with M trains between Queens Plaza and

The following table shows the lines used by the E service, with shaded boxes indicating the route at the specified times:[127]

Stations

For a more detailed station listing, see the articles on the lines listed above.^[3]

Station service legend
	Stops all times
	Stops all times except late nights
	Stops late nights only
	Stops weekdays during the day
	Stops rush hours in the peak direction only
	Station closed
	Stops rush hours only (limited service not noted on map)
	Stops evenings, late nights, and weekends
Time period details
	Station is compliant with the Americans with Disabilities Act
↑	Station is compliant with the Americans with Disabilities Act in the indicated direction only
↓
	Elevator access to mezzanine only

JC		179th	Stations		Subway transfers	Connections/Other Notes
Queens
Hillside Avenue Branch (limited rush hour service only)
—			Jamaica–179th Street		<F>	Q3 bus to JFK Int'l Airport
		↑	169th Street		<F>	Jamaica–179th Street stop here[121]
			Parsons Boulevard		<F>
		↑	Sutphin Boulevard		<F>	Jamaica–179th Street stop here[121]
Archer Avenue Branch
		—	Jamaica Center–Parsons/Archer		Z	Q44 Select Bus Service
			Sutphin Boulevard–Archer Avenue–JFK Airport		Z	Q44 Select Bus Service
			Jamaica–Van Wyck
Jamaica Center merge)
		↑	Briarwood		<F>	Jamaica–179th Street stop here[121]
			Kew Gardens–Union Turnpike		<F>	Q10 bus to JFK Int'l Airport
		↑	75th Avenue		<F>	Two p.m. rush-hour trains to Jamaica–179th Street stop here[121]
			Forest Hills–71st Avenue		​ <F> ​M  ​R	LIRR City Terminal Zone at Forest Hills
		|	67th Avenue		F
		|	63rd Drive–Rego Park		F	Q72 bus to LaGuardia Airport
		|	Woodhaven Boulevard		F	Q52/Q53 Select Bus Service
		|	Grand Avenue–Newtown		F	Q53 Select Bus Service
		|	Elmhurst Avenue		F	Q53 Select Bus Service
			Jackson Heights–Roosevelt Avenue		<F> ​M  ​R	Q70 Select Bus Service to LaGuardia Airport
		|	65th Street		F
		|	Northern Boulevard		F
		|	46th Street		F
		|	Steinway Street		F
		|	36th Street		F
			Queens Plaza		​M  ​R	Q94/Q95 F train shuttle buses
			Court Square–23rd Street	↓	<7> ​ (IRT Flushing Line )	Station is ADA-accessible in the southbound direction only
Manhattan
			Lexington Avenue–53rd Street		<6> (IRT Lexington Avenue Line at 51st Street) M
			Fifth Avenue/53rd Street		M
			Seventh Avenue		B  ​D
			50th Street	↓	A  ​C  (IND Eighth Avenue Line)	Station is ADA-accessible in the southbound direction only
Eighth Avenue Line
			42nd Street–Port Authority Bus Terminal		<F> ​M  (IND Sixth Avenue Line at 42nd Street–Bryant Park , daytime only)	Port Authority Bus Terminal M34A Select Bus Service
			34th Street–Penn Station		A  ​C  ​	Pennsylvania Station
			23rd Street		A  ​C  ​	M23 Select Bus Service
			14th Street		A  ​C  ​ L  (BMT Canarsie Line)	M14A/D Select Bus Service
			West Fourth Street–Washington Square		<F> ​M  (IND Sixth Avenue Line )	PATH at Ninth Street
			Spring Street		A  ​C  ​
			Canal Street		A  ​C  ​
			World Trade Center[c]		A  ​C  2  ​3  (IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line at Park Place) N  ​R  ​W  (BMT Broadway Line at Cortlandt Street)	PATH at World Trade Center NY Waterway at Brookfield Place

Route bullet

The E is signed on trains, in stations, and on maps with a blue emblem, or "bullet" since it runs via the Eighth Avenue Line.^[129] The route was first color-coded in a light blue on November 26, 1967, when the NYCTA introduced its first set of colored service labels to coincide with the opening of the Chrystie Street Connection.^{[130]: 35 [131]} In June 1979, the route was given a darker blue bullet as part of the introduction of a new color-coding scheme based on subway trunk lines in Manhattan, done in connection with a redesign of the subway map.^{[130]: 76, 80–81 [132]}

Rolling stock

The E train uses ten-car

References

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External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to E (New York City Subway service).

• MTA NYC Transit – E Eighth Avenue Local
• MTA Subway Time—E Train
• "E Subway Timetable, Effective December 4, 2022". Metropolitan Transportation Authority. Retrieved August 26, 2023.