Early 35 kDa protein
Early 35 kDa protein (AcMNPV) | |||||||
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UniProt P08160 | | ||||||
Other data | |||||||
Chromosome | 0: 0.12 - 0.12 Mb | ||||||
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Early 35 kDa protein (BmNPV) | |||||||
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Identifiers | |||||||
Organism | |||||||
Symbol | P35 | ||||||
UniProt | P31354 | ||||||
Other data | |||||||
Chromosome | 0: 0.11 - 0.11 Mb | ||||||
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The Early 35 kDa protein, or P35 in short, is a
Species distribution
P35 has been found in different strains of the
Function
The P35 protein inhibits apoptosis by acting as a
While the formation of a thioester intermediate between the aspartate of the substrate's recognition site and the cysteine of the caspase's active site is a normal event in caspase-mediated protein cleavage, the resulting bond is normally quickly hydrolysed so that the cleaved products can detach. In the case of P35, however, the caspase-substrate complex remains stable. Cleavage of P35 triggers rapid conformational changes that reposition its N-terminus, which is normally buried in the protein's beta-sheet core, to the caspase's active site. As a consequence of this rearrangement, the N-terminal P35 residues C2 and V3 interact with the caspase's active site to displace water and prevent the hydrolysis reaction. The P35 residue C2 competes with the caspase's active site cysteine residue for binding of the P35 residue D87, keeping the reaction trapped in an equilibrium state.[5][6][7][8]
Interactions
In insect cells, P35 inhibits an enzyme called
Clinical significance
Since baculoviridae infect only insects and not humans, the function of P35 in the immune evasion of infected cells is not clinically relevant. However, P35 has been considered as a potential tool in
History and discovery
The role of P35 in the inhibition of apoptosis was first described by Rollie J. Clem in the research group of