Early life and career of Joe Biden
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Biden's father had once led an affluent life, but suffered financial setbacks soon after Biden was born, and for several years the family lived with Biden's maternal grandparents. Beginning in 1953, the family lived in an apartment in
In 1966, Biden married
Early life and education
Heritage and childhood
Biden was born on November 20, 1942, at St. Mary's Hospital in
Biden's father led an affluent lifestyle as a young adult, "sailing yachts off the New England coast, riding to the hounds, driving fast cars, flying airplanes" while working as an executive for, and experiencing the largess of, the Sheen Company.
After the war was over, the business failed, and several attempts by Biden Sr. and Sheen Jr. to start a business together faltered.[7] Jean Biden took their children back to Scranton in 1948, and Biden Sr. soon followed.[16] For several years, the family had to live with Biden's maternal grandparents, the Finnegans.[17] Biden Jr. attended St. Paul's School, a Catholic primary school in Scranton.[4] He made several lifelong friends in Scranton, who describe "file drawers full of memories" of childhood antics and escapades.[18] When the Scranton area fell into economic decline during the 1950s, Biden's father could not find steady work.[19]
In 1953, the Biden family moved into an apartment in
High school
Biden attended the
From an early age, Biden had been afflicted by a severe
College
Biden attended the University of Delaware in Newark, where he was more interested in sports and socializing than in studying,[17] although his classmates were impressed by his cramming abilities.[35] He played halfback with the "Blue Chicks" freshman football team (at the time, freshmen were not eligible to play varsity sports).[27][28] However, when he got a poor 1.9 grade point average for the semester, his parents told him that he had to give up football to concentrate on his classes.[28] He continued to get mostly "C" and "D" grades for his next two semesters.[36] His grades then began to improve, but never became especially good.[36] He wanted to return to the football, and by the spring practices of his junior year he thought he was about to earn a starting spot as a defensive back on the varsity for that fall.[27][37][28]
In 1964, while on
Law school
Biden then entered the Syracuse University College of Law, chosen in part because it would put him near Neilia Hunter.[43] He received a half scholarship based on financial need with some additional assistance based on academics.[44] By his own description, he found law school to be "the biggest bore in the world" and he said he pulled many all-nighters to get by.[35] He relied on the notes of other students for classes that he skipped as well as help from Neilia Hunter in studying.[45] He participated in football and rugby at the collegiate club level and ran for class president, losing by one vote to future financial marketplace executive William J. Brodsky.[46] To date, Brodsky is the only person to ever beat Biden in a head-to-head election.[a][47][48]
During his first year there, Biden submitted a fifteen-page paper for a legal methods course that was found to have contained academic plagiarism of five pages of a recently published article in the Fordham Law Review.[36] A report from the law school faculty said that Biden should be failed in the course as a result; in response, Biden said the copying was inadvertent due to his not knowing the proper rules of citation.[36] Such mistakes were not uncommon among first-year students still learning the requirements of attribution.[49] Biden was permitted to retake the course after receiving a failing "F" grade, which was subsequently dropped from his record.[b][36][50]
Overall, evaluations from Biden's professors were mixed,[36] but Biden's grades were such that he was consistently near the bottom of his class the entire time he was in the school.[50] One professor later said that Biden had done very well in a legislation course and that "I had the impression this was a young man who was going to do well and go a long way," while another professor later said of Biden, "He was one of the great successes after law school, but not in law school. It happens all the time."[49] Biden received his Juris Doctor in 1968,[51] graduating 76th of 85 in his class.[44] He was admitted to the Delaware bar in 1969.[51]
Other experiences
Negative impressions of drinking alcohol in the Biden and Finnegan families and in the neighborhood led to Biden becoming a teetotaler.[17][52] Having suffered from stuttering through much of his childhood and into his twenties,[53] he has said that he finally overcame it by spending many hours reciting poetry in front of a mirror.[34]
During the early 1960s, Biden participated in a demonstration against the last remaining segregated theater in Wilmington.[31][32] Some sources have also described Biden participating in a protest while he was still in high school, against the Towne Theatre.[35]
During the summer of 1962, while in college, Biden worked as the only white lifeguard at a swimming pool in a black neighborhood of Wilmington,[32] an experience which he later credited with expanding his thinking regarding racial issues.[31] Later in life, Biden repeatedly told a story that, while working at the pool, he confronted a man nicknamed "Corn Pop", the leader of a gang called the Romans, persuading the man to walk away from a potential fight by apologizing to him.[54][55] While considered outlandish or bizarre by some commentators,[56] various lifelong Delawareans and contemporary newspaper articles confirmed the broad outlines of Biden's story, identifying his antagonist as a man named William "Corn Pop" Morris.[57][58]
Draft
Regarding the
Early political career and family life
On August 27, 1966, while Biden was still a law student, he married Neilia Hunter.
During 1968, Biden clerked for six months at a
In 1969, Biden resumed practicing law in Wilmington, first as a public defender. Biden's time as a public defender was short, but several of his cases attracted newspaper coverage, including his defenses of a fisherman accused of stealing a cow (sentenced to no jail time), and a 15-year-old charged with drug possession (acquitted). Biden later described the job in his memoir as "God's work", but also wrote that "God's work wasn't full time work in 1969".[69]
Biden then joined a firm headed by Sid Balick, a locally active Democrat.[35][40] Balick named him to the Democratic Forum, a group trying to reform and revitalize the state party,[70] and Biden switched his registration to Democratic.[40] He also started his own firm, Biden and Walsh.[35] Corporate law, however, did not appeal to him and criminal law did not pay well.[17] He supplemented his income by managing properties.[71]
Later in 1969, Biden ran as a Democrat for the New Castle County Council on a liberal platform that included support for public housing in the suburban area.[35] He won by a solid, two-thousand vote margin in the usually Republican district and in a bad year for Democrats in the state.[35][72] Even before taking his seat, he was already talking about running for the U.S. Senate in a couple of years.[72] He served on the County Council from 1970 to 1972[51] while continuing his private law practice.[73] Biden represented the 4th district on the county council.[74] Among issues he addressed on the council was his opposition to large highway projects that might disrupt Wilmington neighborhoods, including those related to Interstate 95.[75]
1972 U.S. Senate campaign
Biden's entry into the
Death of wife and daughter
On December 18, 1972, a few weeks after the election, Biden's wife and one-year-old daughter Naomi were killed in an automobile accident while Christmas shopping in Hockessin, Delaware.[41] Neilia Biden's station wagon was hit by a tractor-trailer truck as she pulled out from an intersection, possibly because her head was turned and she did not see the other vehicle; the truck swerved and overturned in an attempt to avoid the collision.[77] Within a couple of days of the accident, a Delaware chief deputy attorney general, Jerome O. Herlihy, announced that the truck driver had been cleared of any wrongdoing in it.[78]
Biden's sons Beau and Hunter survived the accident and were taken to the hospital in fair condition, Beau with a broken leg and other wounds, and Hunter with a minor skull fracture and other head injuries.
In later years, Biden said on several occasions that the truck driver had been drinking alcohol before the collision,[83] and several media outlets reported this as fact.[84] The driver died in 1999, but his daughter sought to have his name again cleared and to get an apology from Biden.[77] By this time, the police records regarding the accident had been lost,[84] but the accident investigator Herlihy, who had become a Delaware Superior Court judge, reiterated that "The rumor about alcohol being involved by either party, especially the truck driver, is incorrect."[85] Subsequently, a Biden spokesperson said that Biden "fully accepts the [driver's] family's word that these rumors were false."[84] Biden called the driver's daughter to apologize personally, which she accepted.[86]
Senate and recovery
Entering the Senate
Biden was sworn into office on January 5, 1973, by
At age 30 (the minimum age required to hold the office), Biden became the sixth-youngest senator in U.S. history, and one of only 18 senators who took office before reaching the age of 31.[88][89] But the accident had left him filled with both anger and religious doubt: "I liked to [walk around seedy neighborhoods] at night when I thought there was a better chance of finding a fight ... I had not known I was capable of such rage ... I felt God had played a horrible trick on me."[90] To be at home every day for his young sons,[91] Biden began the practice of commuting every day by Amtrak train for 90 minutes each way from his home in the Wilmington suburbs to Washington, D.C., which he continued to do throughout his Senate career.[23] In the aftermath of the accident, he had trouble focusing on work and appeared to just go through the motions of being a senator. In his memoirs, Biden notes that staffers were taking bets on how long he would last.[39][92] A single father for five years, he left standing orders that he be interrupted in the Senate at any time if his sons called.[82] In remembrance of his wife and daughter, Biden does not work on December 18, the anniversary of the accident.[93]
Nonetheless, during these first years in the Senate, Biden focused on consumer protection and environmental issues and called for greater government accountability.[94] He supported legislation dedicated to campaign finance reform, reflecting that during his senate election, offers of campaign funds in implicit return for future favors had been tempting in light of his lack of personal wealth.[81] In mid-1974, Time magazine named Biden as one of the 200 Faces for the Future in a profile that mentioned what had happened to his family, calling him "self-confident" and "compulsively ambitious".[94]
Recovery and second marriage
By 1974, Biden had begun dating again, while avoiding marriage in the belief it would be unfair to his partner—he described himself to a reporter as "still in love with his wife".
On June 17, 1977, Biden and Jacobs were married by a Catholic priest at the
References
Footnotes
- ^ Biden has been defeated in some presidential primary and caucus contests.
- ^ This incident would attract attention in 1987 when further plagiarism accusations emerged during his 1988 presidential campaign; some exaggerations and inaccurate statements that Biden had made regarding his college and law school accomplishments also became an issue, causing Biden to release transcripts and other documents from both schools.
Citations
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- ^ a b c Witcover 2010, p. 7.
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- ^ a b Igoe, Katherine J. (21 October 2020). "Joe Biden's Father Had a Profound Influence on His Son". Marie Claire Magazine. Boston. Archived from the original on 12 August 2023. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
- ^ a b Witcover 2010, pp. 7–8.
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- ^ Cramer 1992, pp. 262–263.
- ^ Cramer 1992, p. 264.
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- ^ Witcover 2010, pp. 12–14, 19–21, 27–28.
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- ^ Witcover 2010, pp. 40, 46.
- Politico. Illinois Playbook. Archivedfrom the original on 2021-07-04. Retrieved 2021-07-04.
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- ^ a b Meislin, Richard J. (September 18, 1987). "In Hindsight, Biden's Law Teacher Sees Offense as Minor". The New York Times. p. A23. Archived from the original on March 17, 2021. Retrieved June 29, 2021.
- ^ a b Witt, Evans (September 21, 1987). "Biden Claimed He Was in Top Half of Law Class". AP News. Archived from the original on June 29, 2021. Retrieved June 29, 2021.
- ^ a b c "Biden, Joseph Robinette, Jr.". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Archived from the original on August 27, 2008. Retrieved August 19, 2008.
- ^ Leibovich, Mark (September 16, 2008). "Riding the Rails With Amtrak Joe". The New York Times. Archived from the original on September 18, 2008. Retrieved September 17, 2008.
- ^ Biden, Joseph R. Jr. (July 9, 2009). "Letter to National Stuttering Association chairman" (PDF). National Stuttering Association. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 28, 2011. Retrieved December 9, 2010.
- ^ Enjeti, Saagar (2019-09-16). "Saagar Enjeti: The real story behind Biden's 'Corn Pop' tale". The Hill. Archived from the original on 2023-01-14. Retrieved 2023-01-14.
- ^ Garcia, Chana (2010-05-07). "Joe Biden's Black Pass". The Root. Archived from the original on 2023-01-14. Retrieved 2023-01-14.
- ^ "Joe Biden's Corn Pop Story Is a Parable About How White People See Us". The Root. 2019-09-17. Archived from the original on 2023-01-14. Retrieved 2023-01-14.
- ^ Newman, Meredith (September 16, 2019). "'Corn Pop' is real: How the Wilmington resident became a part of Biden's 2020 campaign". The News Journal. Archived from the original on March 5, 2021. Retrieved July 4, 2021.
- ^ Norman, Tony (September 17, 2019). "The Ballad of Joe Biden and Corn Pop the Killah!". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette (Opinion). Archived from the original on May 24, 2021. Retrieved July 4, 2021.
- ^ a b c d "Biden got 5 draft deferments during Nam, as did Cheney". Newsday. Associated Press. September 1, 2008. Archived from the original on June 9, 2021. Retrieved June 23, 2021. See also longer use of the same AP filing in Chase, Randall (August 31, 2008). "Deferments, asthma kept Biden out of Vietnam". Toronto Star. Associated Press. Archived from the original on April 15, 2021. Retrieved June 30, 2021.
- ^ Witcover 2010, p. 50.
- ^ Romano, Lois (June 9, 1987). "Joe Biden & the Politics of Belief" (subscription required). The Washington Post. Retrieved August 16, 2021.[permanent dead link]
- ^ a b Caldera, Camille (September 16, 2020). "Fact check: Biden, like Trump, received multiple draft deferments from Vietnam". USA Today. Archived from the original on June 30, 2021. Retrieved June 30, 2021. Updated September 17, 2020.
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- ^ a b Alfaro, Mariana (December 26, 2018). "Donald Trump avoided the military draft 5 times, but it wasn't uncommon for young men from influential families to do so during the Vietnam War". Business Insider. Archived from the original on September 13, 2021. Retrieved August 16, 2021.
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- ^ Taylor 1990, p. 96.
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- ^ Witcover 2010, p. 86.
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- ^ a b c d Witcover 2010, pp. 93, 98.
- ^ Witcover 2010, p. 96.
- ^ a b Moritz 1987, p. 44.
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- ^ Biden 2007, p. 81.
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Cited bibliography
- OCLC 1024163239.
- Biden, Joseph R. Jr. (2007). Promises to keep : on life and politics (1st ed.). New York: Random House. from the original on 2021-07-04. Retrieved 2021-06-26.
- OCLC 24794262.
- OCLC 1036969811.
- Moritz, Charles, ed. (1987). "Biden, Joseph (Robinnette) Jr.". OCLC 1029048097.
- Taylor, Paul (1990). See How They Run: Electing the President in an Age of Mediaocracy. OCLC 1256504112.
- OCLC 688486009.