1117 Verona earthquake
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Earthquake of 3 January 1117
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  | |
| Local date | 3 January 1117 |
|---|---|
| Magnitude | 6,9 |
| Epicenter | 45°30′N 11°00′E / 45.500°N 11.000°E |
| Max. intensity | MMI IX (Violent) |
An
seismic activity
persisted for months, striking on 12 January 4 June, 1 July 1 October, and 30 December.
A single earthquake or several?
Recent studies, however, suggest that it was not a major, single event, but instead a series of shocks in the areas of
MCS scale.[6] The second was that of Verona, which was the largest and most powerful of the three, and it took place in the afternoon around 14:30 - 15:30 (UTC). Its magnitude was approximately a level 7, and the maximum seismic intensity was IX on the MCS scale.[7] The third earthquake also occurred at a similar time to the second earthquake, but in the area of Pisa in northern Tuscany. The earthquake caused the collapse of many towers, buildings, and bell towers in Pisa, which resulted in the loss of life. The distance between the second and third earthquake zones is about 180 kilometers, and the Apennine mountain range separates them. For this reason, some scientists [need citation] believe that it is a separate earthquake, despite the coincidence of the time of the earthquake and the area. The maximum seismic intensity in the third quake was VII-VIII on the MCS scale. The magnitude of the quake could not be estimated. This earthquake was preceded by a foreshock early in the morning that did not cause any damage.[8]
Damage
The earthquake in Verona in 1117 was the strongest recorded in the history of northern Italy.
See also
- List of earthquakes in Italy
- List of historical earthquakes
- Verona Arena
- Church of San Giovanni in Valle
Notes
- ^ a b Carlo Doglioni; et al. (20 January 2017). "Conference on the great 1117 Veronese earthquake (see intensity map)". Archaeology of Medieval Earthquakes in Europe.
- ^ Guidoboni E., Comastri A., 2005. Catalogue of earthquakes and tsunamis in the Mediterranean area from the 11th to the 15th century. INGV-SGA, Bologna, 1037 pp. (see the table at the link)
- ^ P. Galli, The earthquakes of January 1117 in northern Italy. Hypothesis for an epicentre in the southern Po Plain (Cremona)
- .
- ^ Journal of Geophisical Research, 2005. Vol. 110 pp. 1-20.
- ^ .Emanuela Guidoboni, Alberto Comastri, Enzo Boschi, 2005. “The exceptional earthquake of 3 January 1117 in the Verona area (northern Italy): A critical time review and detection of two lost earthquakes (lower Germany and Tuscany). Journal of Geophisical Research, 110: p.8, article 4.1
- ^ .Emanuela Guidoboni, Alberto Comastri, Enzo Boschi, 2005. “The exceptional earthquake of 3 January 1117 in the Verona area (northern Italy): A critical time review and detection of two lost earthquakes (lower Germany and Tuscany). Journal of Geophisical Research, 110: pp. 1, 10-11
- ^ .Emanuela Guidoboni, Alberto Comastri, Enzo Boschi, 2005. “The exceptional earthquake of 3 January 1117 in the Verona area (northern Italy): A critical time review and detection of two lost earthquakes (lower Germany and Tuscany). Journal of Geophisical Research, 110: pp. 1, 11-12
- ^ .Emanuela Guidoboni, Alberto Comastri, Enzo Boschi, 2005. “The exceptional earthquake of 3 January 1117 in the Verona area (northern Italy): A critical time review and detection of two lost earthquakes (lower Germany and Tuscany). Journal of Geophisical Research, 110 pp. 1-20
- ^ http://www.ips.it/scuola/concorso/terremoti/home4.htm
- ^ Emanuela Guidoboni-Enzo Boschi (1989), "I grandi terremoti medioevali in Italia," Le Scienze, 249.
- ISBN 0-471-48663-9), 261.
- ^ G. Solinas (1981), Storia di Verona (Verona: Centro Rinascita), 244. The late eight- or early ninth-century Versus de Verona contains a now indispensable description of Verona's early medieval architecture, including Roman ruins.
- ^ .Emanuela Guidoboni, Alberto Comastri, Enzo Boschi, 2005. “The exceptional earthquake of 3 January 1117 in the Verona area (northern Italy): A critical time review and detection of two lost earthquakes (lower Germany and Tuscany). Journal of Geophisical Research, 110: p11
Sources
- Guidoboni, E.; Comastri, S.; Boschi, E. (2005), "The "exceptional" earthquake of 3 January 1117 in the Verona area (northern Italy): A critical time review and detection of two lost earthquakes (lower Germany and Tuscany)",
External links
- Page on the 1117 Verona earthquake from the CFTI5 Catalogue of Strong Earthquakes in Italy (461 BC – 1997) and Mediterranean Area (760 B.C. – 1500) Guidoboni E., Ferrari G., Mariotti D., Comastri A., Tarabusi G., Sgattoni G., Valensise G. (2018) (in Italian)